论可再生能源配额制在我国的推行

上海交通大学硕士学位论文论可再生能源配额制在我国的推行姓名：朱海申请学位级别：硕士专业：公共管理指导教师：王曦20080604MPAI70123456MPAII1234512345MPAIIISTUDYONIMPLEMENTINGRENEWABLEPORTFOLIOSTANDARDINCHINAABSTRACTSince1970s’,asaresultofthelimitationofenergyresourceandtheincreasingpressureofglobalenvironment,lotsofcountrieshaveenhancedtheircognitionabouttheimportanceofrenewableenergy,adoptedaseriesofactionsandissuedmanynewpoliciesandmeasurestopromotethedevelopmentofrenewableenergy.Inallthepoliciesandmeasurestopromotetherenewableenergy,renewableportfoliostandard(RPS)hassignificanteffectandisenlighteningtoChina.RPSisamandatoryprovisionoftherenewableenergyelectricitymarketshareinlegalformissuedbythenationorregionalgovernment.Itmeanstherenewableenergyelectricityshouldreachalegalproportioninthetotalelectricitysupply.Ithasfollowingcharacteristics:1)existingbasedonthelawandregulationsandbelegallycompulsory;2)thegovernmentdefinesthelegalamountorproportionandtheeligiblerenewableenergyresource;3);eachliabilityentityshouldtakeacertainquotient;4)greencertificatesystemareadoptedtosuperviseandensurethepoliciesbecarriedon;5)theliabilityentitycouldbuythegreencertificatefromthelocalrenewableelectricitygenerationcompaniesorotherregionviathegreencertificatemarket;6)therolesofgovernmentaresimplifiedtodefinetherenewableenergytarget,supervisethepoliciesexecutionandpunishtheillegalactions.AsMPAIVsameasallthepoliciesandmeasures,RPShassomenaturaladvantageanddisadvantagewhichweneedconsider.RPSisnecessaryforChinatodeveloptherenewableenergy.1)Therenewableenergytargetshouldhavelegalenvironmentandposition;2)Itcouldembodytherenewableenergyoutervalue;3)Itcouldsolvetheproblemofapportioningthegapbetweenrenewableandtraditionelectricity;4)thegreencertificatetradingmarketcouldpromotetoallocatetheresourceandcapitalproperly;5)RPShasgoodenvironmentalandsocialbenefits.Currently,ChinahasthefeasibilitytoimplementtheRPS.1)Chinahastheadvantageofdevelopingrenewableenergyresource;2)RPSwillpromotethegreatdevelopmentoftheWest;3)TheelectricpowersystemreformistheopportunitytomakeRPSlegalization;4)ThelegislationofrenewableenergyisthefoundationofRPS;5)Theelectricitytariffwillnotincreaseobviouslywhenfollowingtheprincipleof“whoconsume,whopay”.WhenweimplementtheRPS,weneedcompletelyunderstandthebarriersandriskswewillface.ThethreefundamentalbarriersforRPSinChinaaremarket,policesandregionalbenefitallocation.Therisksarefromelectricitymarketundulation,theriseofpoliciesexecutioncost,inertnessafterfinishingthequotientandthepoliciesinvalidation.Attheend,theframeworksandstepsofimplementingRPSinChinaarebroughtforwardtodiscuss.KEYWORDSrenewableenergy,RPS,barrier,risk23MPA137%RenewablePortfolioStandardRPS200767201010%202015%20101.9202032010550202030002010500202030002010302020180MPA21MandatoryMarketSharePolicyMMS1.2007[M].:,2007.450MPA31-11MPA422010102020152341562.[M].:,2005MPA5MPA6201213201022%201012%205-30%20055%20102%20062%20101.35%20134700MW2012100000MW20163300MW20109500GWh19983EricMartinot.Renewables2005GlobalStatusReport[R].theRENNewwork.2006MPA720107.51.5kWh4EIAEnergyInformationAdministration20101900CO21.120119996200220092000MW1999520092000MW20092,880MW880MW20001154.[J].,2002,11:27-285,[R],,2005MPA8132199752000330%100MW50%61997530%200035199956,[R],,2005MPA9319991020010.5%20112.2%0.6%1998160MW19991020010.5%20112.2%0.6%19981110%$5,000-$50,0007207,[R],,2005MPA1019971120101220012010222.122201081997%2010%1.16.08.729.04.512.58.620.115.021.03.613.216.025.02.15.73.59.038.539.024.731.549.160.019.929.41.710.013.9522.18EricMartinot.Renewables2005GlobalStatusReport[R].theRENNewwork.2006MPA1119992010220109,5001220001140200120021.819.3352003650099,.[J]..2005,1MPA121,197819922010198875%MPA13231994MPA143PPollutionPreventionPays104MPA1552010220203201052020102010100020203000404012120CO21322010400030010001150170351110,.[J]..2002,8:30-3111.[J].,2005,15MPA1616.945.424.0220077200511/32.537.510.913603212212.2007[M].:,2007.436-438MPA173113321413://cn.chinagate.com.cn/economics/2007-06/08/content_8363387.htmMPA1831990MPA194200611200620079,,,MPA202010310202061555%0.6320020050.666MPA2112MPA223CO2MPA231202015234MPA241MPA252201024,700MW0.75TWh0.5TWh0.25TWh3MPA2612MPA273MPA28(ChinaRenewableEnergyScale-upProgram,CRESP)WB(GEF)CRESP:MPA2913MPA30[1].[J].2006645-46[2].[J].2006241-46[3],.[J].2005137-9[4].[J].200638-11[5].[J].2006413-16[6],.[J].20051347-49[7].[J].200613[8].[J].2006211-12[9].[J].2006112-13[10],.[J].200611-6[11],.[J].200524-8[12],,.[J].2005157-59[13].(RPS)[J].20022117-120[14],.[J].2003516-19MPA31[15].[M].2006[16]IEA.EnergyTo2050ScenariosforaSustainableFuture[M].ParisOECD/IEA2003[17]IEA.TowardaSustainableEnergyFuture[M].ParisOECD/IEA2001[18].:2020[M].2004[19].[M].2005[20].[M].2004[21].2006[M].2006[22].[M].1998[23].2020[M].2003[24].[M].1999[25].[M].2005[26].[M].2004[27].[M].2005[28].[M].2003[29].[M].2002[30].[M].2003[31].[M].2006[32].[M].1997[33].1999[M].1999[34].2005[M].2006[35].20002050[M].1997[36].1999[M].2000[37].[M].2004MPA32[38].[M].2006[39].2003[M].2005[40].[M].2006[41].[M].