西部民族地区县域旅游经济发展研究__以凉山州普格县

西部民族地区县域旅游经济发展研究——以凉山州普格县为例1摘要县域经济在我国国民经济发展中处于基础性地位。对于西部民族地区来说，县域人口与经济总量占比较大，但经济发展水平却相对滞后，生态环境也非常脆弱，工农业难以持续有效地发展。因此，如何选择一条适合西部民族地区县域经济发展的特色路径，成为当今政府与学界普遍关注的问题。近年来，全国旅游业蓬勃发展，由于其具有附加值高、环境污染少，且带动就业强、拉动相关产业发展快的绝对优势，已被誉为当今世界的“朝阳产业”与“绿色产业”。西部民族地区各少数民族文化异彩纷呈，自然景观奇特优美，构成了庞大的民族县域旅游资源系统，且品味极高。目前，西部民族地区各县域都在充分挖掘自己的特色资源，旅游业发展可谓如火如荼。但是，由于急功近利的心态和缺乏合理有效的规划和指导，开发秩序混乱，管理不规范，宣传服务不到位，区域内恶性竞争已经严重制约了民族地区县域旅游经济的发展。本文选取凉山彝族自治州普格县为实证研究对象。普格县拥有火把节、彝族年和螺髻山等众多品味极高的人文旅游资源和自然旅游资源，而且是典型的民族县，全县共有19个少数民族，彝族人口占全县总人口的77.7%。近年来，普格县的旅游经济得到了长足发展，旅游业综合收入已占县内GDP总值的10%以上，俨然已成为普格县经济发展的支柱型产业。但在旅游业发展过程中，各种各样的问题逐渐暴露出来，如政府和旅游开发商对旅游规律及旅游资源的价值认识不足，旅游基础设施与服务设施建设不完善，旅游市场营销能力差，旅游商品开发薄弱等。本文在研究这些问题的基础上，找准方向，创新思路，进一步分析了普格县的旅游供给能力和客源市场需求状况，从而提出普格县旅游经济的发展思路和对策，包括发展目标、原则及模式，发展布局，产品开发，客源市场的定位，营销策略的选择以及如何优化旅游产业结构等。最后，通过对普格县域旅游经济的宏观研究，得出本文的结论，即西部民族地区县域旅游经济发展应以政府为主导，以市场为导向，以民族特色旅游资源为依托，以向旅游者提供高质量的旅游体验为目的，充分发挥旅游业的产业关联带动作用，把旅游业发展成为一项重要的特色经济产业，从而促进该县域的整体经济发展水平，进一步提高该县域居民的生活水平。关键词：民族地区；县域旅游经济；普格县西部民族地区县域旅游经济发展研究——以凉山州普格县为例2AbstractThecountyeconomyisinabasicpositionofthenationaleconomydevelopment.Inthewesternnationalregions,theproportionofthecountrypopulationandeconomyrepresentasignificantposition.However,thelevelofeconomicdevelopmentisrelativelybackward,andzoologyenvironmentremainsextremelyfragile,meanwhile,itisdifficultforindustryandagriculturetodevelopeffectivelyandcontinuously.Therefore,ithasdrawnattentiontothegovernmentandacademiawidelyabouthowtochooseacharacteristicwaywhichissuitableforcounty’seconomydevelopmentofwesternethicalregions.Withthetourismindustrydevelopingvigorously,becauseofabsoluteadvantages,suchashighaddedvalue,lessenvironmentpollution,promotingemployment,aswellasstimulatingthedevelopmentofrelatedindustries,ithasbeennamedasoneoftheworld'ssunnyindustryandgreenindustry.Variousofethnic’scultureofWesternminorityregionandtheuniqueandcolourfulnaturallandscape,havedevelopedalargeminoritytourismresourcessystem,andhasagreattaste.Currently,westernminorityareasofthecountyarefullytappingtheirfeaturedresources.Inthisrespect,tourismdevelopmentisrepid.However,inwesternethicalregions,thedisordereddevelopment,notstandardmanagement,notqualifiedpublicityandservice,andtheareaofmaligncompetitionshaveseriouslyrestrictedtheethicalregioncountytourismeconomydevelopmentasaresultofpeople’seagerforquicksuccessandinstantbenefitsandlackofproperandeffectiveplansandguidance.ThispaperselectstheLiangshanYiAutonomousPrefecturePuGeCountyasthestudyobject.PuGecountynotonlyhasthetorchfestival,theyearofYiLuojiMountainandmanyothergreatculturesandnaturaltourismresources,butalsoisatypicalnationalcounty.Accordingtothestatistic,ithas19minorities,andtheYiminorities’spopulationis77.5%ofthetotalpopulationofthecounty.Inrecentyears,countytourismeconomyhasmadegreatprogress,andcomprehensivetourismrevenuehasaccountedformorethan10%ofthetotalvalueofGDP.Ithasbecomethecountyeconomicdevelopmentpillarindustry.Butwiththetourismdeveloping,variousproblemshavebeengraduallyexposed,suchasthegovernmentandthetourismdevelopers’understandingonthelawoftourismandtourismresourcesvaluearenotinsufficient,thetourisminfrastructureandservicefacilitiesarenotperfect,thetravelmarketingabilityispoor,andtheleveloftouristcommoditiesdevelopingishopetoimprove.Inviewofthis,thispaperwhichisontheThestudyoftourismeconomicdevelopmentinthewesternnationalregions——takePuGeconteryinLiangShancityfouexample西部民族地区县域旅游经济发展研究——以凉山州普格县为例3foundationoftheseproblems,findsouttheappropriatedirectionandakindofcreativethought,analysesthecountytourismsupplycapacityandmarketdemandsituation,thus,putforwardthedevelopmentofthecountytourismeconomyideasandcountermeasure,includingthedevelopmentgoal,principleandmode,developmentlayout,productdevelopment,marketpositioning,marketingstrategyselectionandhowtooptimizethestructureoftourismindustry.Finally,throughthemacroscopicresearchtoPuGecountytourismeconomywecometotheconclusion,thatthewesternethicalregioncountytourismeconomydevelopmentshouldtakethegovernmentastheleadership,takethemarketastheguidance,takeethniccharacteristicsoftourismresourcesasthebasis,toprovidehighqualitytotouriststravelexperienceforthepurpose,givefullplaytoindustriesrelatedtotourismindustrydrivesaction,takedevelopmentofthetourismindustryasanimportanteconomiccharacteristicsofindustries,thustopromotethecounty'soveralllevelofeconomicdevelopmentandimprovethelivingstandardofthecountyresidents.Keyword:EthnicAreas;CountyTourismEconomic;PuGeCountyThestudyoftourismeconomicdevelopmentinthewesternnationalregions——takePuGeconteryinLiangShancityfouexample西部民族地区县域旅游经济发展研究——以凉山州普格县为例4目录摘要...............................................................................................................1Abstract........................................................................................................2第一章绪论...................................................................................................81.1选题背景..................................................................................................................81.1.1县域经济发展的重要性和迫切性..............