一种聚氨酯弹性体制备论文

安徽建筑大学毕业设计(论文)专业高分子材料与工程专业班级10城建高分子2班学生姓名张楚阳学号10206910220课题阻燃聚氨酯弹性体的制备及性能研究指导教师徐文总老师2014年6月7日摘要选用聚醚二元醇、聚酯二元醇、聚醚三元醇加聚酯二元醇共混分别与二异氰酸酯进行反应制得预聚体，密封保存一夜，测试预聚体中NCO含量，选用MOKA、丙三醇、乙醇胺、三乙醇胺进行交联，为加快反应速率，可加入一定量的催化剂，根据NCO含量的不同，加入适量填料，制备聚氨酯弹性体。对弹性体进行力学性能测试，氧指数的测试。根据测试结果不断调整配方，最终制备满足一定性能要求的聚氨酯弹性体。关键词：预聚体聚氨酯弹性体填料AbstractOptionalpolyetherdiols,polyesterdiols,polyethertriolblendwithpolyesterdiolandadiisocyanatearereactedprepolymerwasprepared,sealedandstoredovernightinthetestNCOcontentoftheprepolymer,selectionMOKA,glycerol,ethanolamine,triethanolaminecrosslinking,toacceleratethereactionrate,acertainamountofcatalystmaybeadded,dependingontheNCOcontentoftheaddedamountofthefiller,thepreparationofpolyurethaneelastomers.Onthemechanicalpropertiesoftheelastomertesting,oxygenindextest.Accordingtothetestresultsandconstantlyadjusttheformula,finalpreparationofpolyurethaneelastomerstomeetcertainperformancerequirements.Keywords:Polyurethaneprepolymerfiller目录封面摘要.................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。目录................................................................................................................................4第一章绪言...................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.1引言...........................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.1.1聚氨酯的发展史、现状及前景展望...................................错误!未定义书签。1.1.2阻燃聚氨酯软泡的研究概况..............................................错误!未定义书签。1.2聚氨酯泡沫塑料......................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.2.1聚氨酯简介..........................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.2.2聚氨酯泡沫塑料及分类......................................................错误!未定义书签。1.3聚氨酯泡沫塑料的合成原理..................................................错误!未定义书签。1.3.1泡沫塑料的基本配方及各组分的作用..............................错误!未定义书签。1.3.2聚氨酯泡沫塑料合成中的基本反应..................................错误!未定义书签。1.4聚氨酯泡沫的形成过程及影响因素.....................................错误!未定义书签。1.5制造方法.................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.6聚氨酯泡沫塑料结构与性能的关系......................................错误!未定义书签。1.6.1基本影响因素......................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.6.2形态结构与性能的关系.....................................................错误!未定义书签。1.7对聚氨酯泡沫进行阻燃的方法..............................................错误!未定义书签。1.7.1.添加法...............................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.7.2反应型阻燃剂法..................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.7.3浸渍法..................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.7.4.引入阻燃结构.....................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.7.5.防火涂层法.........................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.8阻燃全水发泡聚氨酯的研究意义与创新.............................错误!未定义书签。第二章实验部分.......................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1仪器设备及原材料...................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1.1主要原料...............................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.1.2主要仪器设备.......................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2软质聚氨酯泡沫的制备..........................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.1聚氨酯软泡实验配方............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.2一步法实验流程...................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.2.3实验步骤...............................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.3性能表征方法...........................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.3.1表观芯密度的测定...............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.3.2拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的测定...........................................错误!未定义书签。2.3.3热释放速率的测定...............................................................错误!未定义书签。2.4相关计算..................................................................................错误!未定义书签。2.4.1TDI加入量计算公式：........................................................错误!未定义书签。2.4.2聚氨酯泡沫密度的计算.......................................................错误!未定义书签。第三章实验结果与性能分析...................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1异氰酸根指数对泡沫性能的影响..........................................错误!未定义书签。3.1.1密度.....................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1.2拉伸强度...............................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.2水对聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响...................................................错误!未定义书签。3.3复配阻燃剂的添加对聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响.......................错误!未定义书签。3.4复配阻燃剂阻燃效果.............................................................错误!未定义书签。3.4.1热释放速率.........................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.4.2总释放热量.........................................................................错误!未定义书签。第四章结