八年级下册英语重要知识点归纳

1八年级下册英语重要知识点归纳M1重要语法：感官性系统词：feel(摸起来)、look(看起来)、smell(闻起来)、taste(尝起来)sound(听起来),后接形容词作表语，不能接副词。构成疑问句或否定句要借助助动词。Thesilkdressfeelssoft.Theflowerslookverybeautiful.Doesitsmellnice?Thesongdoesn’tsoundbenoisy.2.Whatadelicioussmell!多么香啊！感叹句结构：①What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+（主语+谓语）！Whataninterestingbookitis!②What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+（主语+谓语）！Whatbadweatheritistoday!Whatgoodstudentstheyare!③How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！Howfastheisrunning!Howdeliciousitsmells!HowImissthedayswespenttogether!我多么怀念我们一起度过的日子！3.I’mafraid+句子:恐怕……I’mafraidhehasnotimetoday.4.bedone做好了Isyourhomeworkdone?你的作业做好了吗？Dinnerisdone!晚饭做好了！5.haveatry试一试；尝一尝6.haveasweettooth喜好甜食7.thanksfor=thankyoufor+名词/动词-ing。因……而感谢你。Thanksforyourhelp.=Thanksforhelpingme.Thankyouforinvitingmetoyourparty.8.hearfrom…=get/receivealetterfrom…收到……的来信9.can’twaittodosth.迫不及待去做某事Ican’twaittoseeyou.10.人+spend+时间（in）doingsth.。=Ittakes+人+时间+todosth.某人花费多少时间做某事Hespenttwodays(in)readingthenovel.=Ittookhimtwodaystoreadthenovel.11.too也（置于句末，前加逗号）also也(置于居中be或情态动词之后)aswell也（置于句末，前不加逗号）12.beproudof…以……为豪Myparentsareproudofme.13.Howdoyoufeelabout+名词/动词-ing？=Whatdoyouthinkof+名词/动词-ing？你觉得……怎么样？Howdoyoufeelaboutthefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?HowdoyoufeelaboutcomingtoChina?=WhatdoyouthinkofcomingtoChina?对名词或名词短语感叹用what对形容词、副词或动词感叹用how214.beafraidof+名词/动词-ing：害怕….Iamafaidofdog/goingoutatnight.beafraidofdoingsth.=beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事Sheisafraidofsleepingaloneatnight.=Sheisafraidtosleepaloneatnight.15.Whatdoessb.looklike?某人长得怎么样（问外表）答：short/tall/young/pretty…Whatissblike?某人性格怎么样？（问性格或品质）答：quiet/nice/strict/kind..-WhatdoesyourEnglishteacherlooklike?-Heistallwithpairofglasses.-WhatisyourEnglishteacherlike?-Heisstrictbutfriendly.M2重要语法：现在完成时（一）：描述过去已经、曾经或还没有做过某事的经历或体验，对现在造成的影响。结构：have/has+动词过去分词——(否定)haven’t/hasn’t+动词过去分词含义：已经/曾经做过…还没有做过…标志词：already、ever、never、yet、just等。Ihaveseenthemovie.我已经看过这部电影。（我现在了解该电影了。）Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.他已经完成了作业。（他可以交作业了）Wehaven’thaddinneryet.我们还没有吃晚饭。（我们现在饿）Haveyoueverenteredaspeakingcompetition?你曾经参加过演讲比赛吗？（变一般疑问句把have/has提到句首）Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.2.enteracompetition=takepartinacompetition参加竞赛3.helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事HeoftenhelpsmelearnEnglish.4.affordsth.买得起某物Ican’taffordthenewbike.affordtodosth.付得起钱去做某事=haveenoughmoneytobuysth.Shecan’taffordtogotoschool.她没钱去上学。5.stoptodosth.=stopandthendosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事I’mtired.Let’sstoptohavearest.我累了。让我们停下来休息一下吧！It’stimeforclassnow.Let’sstoptalking.上课时间到了！让我们不要讲话了！6.makeup编写makeupastory编故事makeit/themup(代词要放中间)7.invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事8.fifteen-year-old十五岁的（复合形容词中的名词不能加s,作定语）fifteenyearsold十五岁（短语，不能作定语，常作表语）Heisfifteenyearsold.=Heisafifteen-year-oldboy.9.atthemoment=now此刻（常用于现在进行时中）10.have/hasbeento+某地：曾经去过某地（人已经回来，常与次数连用）have/hasgoneto+某地：到某地去了（人未回，不能与次数连用）have/hasbeenin+某地：在某地呆/逗留（常与for+时间段连用）IhavebeentoHongKongtwice.Heisn’therenow.HehasgonetotheUSA.WehavebeeninChinafor20years.11.bedifferentfrom…与…..不同12.findit+形容词+todosth.发现做某事是….的（it是形式宾语，无义，替代3后面不定式）Ifinditeasytolearnmaths.我发现学数学很容易。TonyfindsithardtospeakChinese.托尼发现说汉语很难。13.sofar到目前为止（常用于现在完成时）SofarIhavelearnt3，000Englishwords.14.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld全世界15.countdown倒数M31.already已经（常用于现在完成时肯定句句中或句末）Ihavealreadyknownhimyet尚，还（常用于现在完成时否定句或疑问句句末）Hasitarrivedyet？just刚刚（常用于现在完成时肯定句句中）Theyhavejustarrived.2.Whatareyourupto?=Whatareyoudoing?你在忙什么？3.I’mnotsurehowtomakeit.=I’mnotsurehowIcanmakeit.4.That’swhy….那就是……的原因了。5.inorderto+动词原形：为了…Heworkssohardinordertogetthebestscore.sothat+句子=inorderthat+句子：为了…Heworkssohardsothat(inorderthat)hecangetthebestscore.6.thereis——(现在完成时形式)therehasbeen已经有/存在thereare——(现在完成时形式)therehavebeen已经有/存在Therehavebeenmanybuildingsinourvillagesince15yearsago.7.goaround围绕……转8.noneof+名词复数/宾格+动词（单/复形）：……没有一个（既指人也指物）noone+动词（单）=nobody（仅指人，不与of连用，常用于who提出的问题）Noneofthestudentsknow(s)theanwer.没有一个学生知道答案。-Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?–None.一个也没有（强调数量）Nooneknowstheanswer.–Who’sintheclassroom?-Noone.没有人（强调有没有人）9.becalled…被称为……10.asmallpartof……….的一小部分11.communicatewith…与……联系12.finishdoingsth.完成做某事13.writeback回信M4重要语法：1.现在完成时（二）：描述一个动作或状态从过去持续到现在乃至将来有多长时间。常与“for+时间段/since+时间点”、sofar、recently（最近）、inthelast10years（最近十年）等表示持续的时间连用，也用于howlong问句中。IhavelearntEnglishfor6years.Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.Chinahaschangedalotinthelast30years.HowlonghaveyoulearntEnglish?特别注意：在现在完成时（二）中，与“for+时间段/since+时间点”或howlong问句中，动词必须为可延续性动词（learn,stay,live…），不能为短暂性动词(buy,borrow,die…),若为短暂性动词则要转换成延续性动词或短语。如：buy–have4borrow----keep/haveleave----beawaydie----bedeadcome/go/reach—beinjointheparty------beintheparty……错误：Ihaveboughtthebikefor3days.(buy为短暂性动词，不能与for+时间段连用)正确：Ihavehad/keptthebikefor3days.(将buy改为延续性动词have2.（问）--Howlong…?多久…..?（答）---For+时间段/since+时间点。Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?你这样多久了？Ihavebeenillforaboutthreedays.我生病大约三天了。3.catchacold感冒haveafever发烧takeone’stemperature测量某人的体温doexercise锻炼fastfood快餐notusually不经常threetimesaday一天三次4.beharmfulto…对…..有害Playingcomputergamesisharmfultoyoureyes.5.bydoing…通过做….decide（not）todosth.决心（不）做某事inexcellent/badcondition身体状况良好/差ridetowork=gotoworkbybike骑车上班arriveat/in=getto=reach到达withasmileonone’sface面带笑脸goforarun去跑步feelawful感到不适allover浑身；