密度胁迫对桔小实蝇的行为和生物学参数的影响

314201010JournalofSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityVo.l31,No.4Oct.2010:20091112:任璐(1977),女,博士;通信作者:曾玲(1949),女,教授,Emai:[e-mail]:公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903047);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD08A14)任璐,陆永跃,曾玲(华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642):Bactroceradorsalis(Hendel).,,;,.,..,.304096,31079.,,,..:;;;:S968.1:A:1001411X(2010)04002705EffectofHighDensitiesonBehaviorandBiologicalParametersofBactroceradorsalis(Hendel)RENLu,LUYongyue,ZENGLing(CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou510642,China)Abstract:Theinfluenceofhighdensitiesonthebehaviorandbiologicalparametersoforientalfruitfly,Bactroceradorsalis(Hendel),adultswerestudied.Theresultsrevealedthattheprobabilityofaggressionandpreeningbehaviorofthefemaleandmaleincreased,whiletheactivitybehavioroffemale,andfeeding,wingfanningandactivityofmaledecreased,whenthesinglesexualadultprogressed.Comparedtothesinglesexualadulttreatmen,ttheprobabilityofadultactivityincreasedobviouslywhenthefemalesandmaleswerekeptinthesamecage.Thehighdensitymadetheadultlifespanshortenedandcausedfemalefecunditydecreased.Itwasshowedthat4096eggsofthefemaleaverageeggsperdayfromthedensityof30pairsofadultswaslowerthan1079eggsfromthedensityof3pairsadultssignificantly,andthelongevityandfecundityofadultsdevelopingfromthehighdensityoflarvaealsodecreasedandtheirdeathwasdramaticallyaccelerated.Therelationshipbetweenadultsdailycumulativesurvivalcapabilityandagescouldbefittedintoaparabolaequation,whilealinearequationfittedforthecontro.lAlthoughthecrowdingdensityoflarvaecouldmakethesurvivalabilityofadultsweakened,buttheirpupaehadabetterheattolerance.Keywords:Bactroceradorsalis;densitystress;behavior;biologicalparametersBactroceradorsalis(Hendel).2030[13],90,,[48].[45,7,920].Allee[2125].Allee.(Socialfactilitation),.[2628].Rhagoletispomonella[27].Dukas[29]Ceratitiscapitata,,().(),.11.1AverrhoacarambolaL.PsidiumguajavaL.,,,(261)!13h∀11h(6:00,19:00)RH60%~70%,,(60cm#50cm#50cm),[m()∀m()=1∀3](),.2~3..1.22~3(r=6cm,h=5cm),126314,1108.2d,9:0012:0015:0018:00,30min1,1.,,,().(Preening).,60d..∃%,∃%,∃%.1.32~38~9(r=6cm,h=5cm),&∀∋()1∀13∀16∀1,1d,9:0012:0015:0018:00,30min1,3d.(1∀1)10,8.1.2.4~5.1.41∀1(r=9cm,h=14cm),3,30103&∋.5.2d,,,.,10d1,100d.1.505g(5000,200)20g,1∀1[(251)!],,,3,20.1.605g20g,,1.:(1),10!1246810d;(2),3537394143!4h.5,20~25.[13].22.11.,,1152%1632%2209%2655%;.,,..2.,,;;,.283111)Tab.1EffectofBactroceradorsalisfemaledensityonfemalebehaviour/((-1)/%/%/%/%/%131(759)3.921(789)0.13275(515)34.81391(399)49.4991(699)11.52361(650)8.580(711)0143(568)20.11390(321)54.85116(595)16.32670(1347)4.947(1410)0.49265(1152)18.7759(658)53.56313(1104)22.0912113(2731)3.9711(2833)0.39560(2284)16.691401(1440)49.37755(2089)26.55228.02**4.6096.32**11.80**97.95**1)括号内为未出现次数;23,0.01=11.34.21)Tab.2EffectofBactroceradorsalismaledensityonmalebehaviour/((-1)趐/%/%/%/%/%/%131(759)3.924(876)0.450(880)0279(601)31.7402(478)45.68137(743)15.57361(650)8.580(792)03(789)0.38208(584)26.26393(399)49.62162(630)20.45670(1347)4.972(1582)0.135(1579)0.32341(1243)21.53821(763)51.83364(1220)22.9812113(2731)3.972(3117)0.0622(3097)0.71834(2285)26.741360(1759)43.6794(2325)25.46232.15**11.01*8.13*32.50**31.98**40.94**1)括号内为未出现次数;23,0.01=11.34,23,0.05=7.81.(3).&∀∋1∀11∀31∀6,864%1313%1799%;&∀∋1∀13∀16∀1,1776%1882%2465%.,,,.2.31)Tab.3EffectofratioanddensityoffemaleandmaleofBactroceradorsalisontheiractivity&∀∋∋/%&∀∋&/%1∀176(804)8.641∀1103(477)17.761∀3104(688)13.133∀1126(552)18.821∀6285(1299)17.996∀1331(1012)24.65241.96**215.46**1)括号内为未出现次数,22,0.01=921.2.2(F3,20=2863,P=0062;F3,20=0561,P=0647),136129563825384878635d.,(&∀∋=3∀3)(F3,20=3054,P=0038005;F3,20=14124,P001).1∀1.:F2,27=7692,P=0002001;:F2,12=19468,P001;:F2,12=7858,P=0007001.30(757d)(4096/d)3863d1079/d.,,(122d)166d(1).2.3.449d,822d.,(2).3432,(6919)1/2(t=-9285,P=001),,,,(3).,.294:,(Dancan)s,P=005).1Fig.1Effectofdensitystressonfecundity,preovipositionperiodsandlongevityofBactroceradorsalisadults2Fig.2EffectofhighlarvaldensityoncumulativedsurvivalprobabilityperdayofBactroceradorsalisfemaleandmale3Fig.3EffectofhighlarvaldensityonnumbersoflayingeggsperdayofBactroceradorsalisfemale2.4,.40683878!,10!613642h.3,,.,.,.,[30]..,.,,,[3134];,3031[3537].2:,,[3334];(Hsps),[29,3738].,Drosophilamelanogaster,,(Hsp70)[32].,.,;;.,.:[1]XIEYunzhen.StudyontheTephritidaeorfruitfliesofChina[J].Sinenia,1937,8(2):103226.[2]XIEYunzhen.NotesonTephritidaecollectedfromSouthChina[J].Sinensia,1939,10(16):119.[3].:∗+[M].:,19351941:348.[4].[J].,1981,15:243270.[5],,,.[M].:,1993.[6],.[J].,1997,4:4546.[7],,,.[J].,2004,17(1):6067.[8],,,.[C],.2006∃%.:,2006:1923.[9],,.[J].,2001,23(2):259260.[10],,,.[J].,2005,24(5):312315[11],.[J].,2005,48(5):706711.[12],,,.[J].,2006,49(3):447453.[13],,.[J].,2007,50(6):588596.[14],,.[J].,2007,28(1):6366.[15],,.[J].,2003(5):1718.[16],,,.[J].,2005,24(1):2526.[17],.[J].,2005,16(7):13301334.[18],,,.[J].,2006,27(2):2831.[19],,.[J].,1998,7(2):6568.[20],,.[J].:,1995,34(1):6875.[21]ALLEEWC.AStudyinGeneralSociology[M].Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress,1931.[22]FRETWELLSD.Populationsonseasonalenvironments[M].Princeton:Pr