IntroductionToBPDebate双语版.

IntroductiontoBritishParliamentaryDebateChinaDebateEducationNetwork:英国议会制辩论简介BritishParliamentaryDebateFormatI.TeamsandMotions参赛队和辩题II.OrderofSpeeches&SpeakerTitles发言顺序和辩手称谓III.Timing&POI计时规则与质询IV.SpeakerRoles&Responsibilities辩手角色和责任V.Howyourdebatewillbeevaluated如何评判英国议会制辩论赛制Motions--Motions:For&Against辩题：支持与反对AmotionisastatementprovidedbytheTournamentDirectorthatwillbecomethesubjectofthedebate.Amotionissometimescalledadebatetopic,aresolution,oraproposition.辩题是一个命题，由大赛总监指定，是一场辩论的对象，又常被称为“解决方案”或者“提议”。--Examples例子辩题ExamplesofMotions辩题举例ProcedureforEachDebatePositionsofteamsarepostedonthe“draw.”每个参赛队的赛位发布在公告板上Motionsannouncementtoallteams向所有参赛队宣布辩题15-30minutespreparation15-30分钟准备时间Teamsofthesamesidedonotpreparewithoneanother,norcantheyconsulttheirteammatesorteachers同在一方的队伍不得共同准备，也不得咨询教练或队友Debatebegins比赛开始辩论赛流程FourTeamsTeamsMembers:4Teams---8DebatersUpperHouse---LowerHouseGovernment:SupportingMotion2upperGovernmentSpeakers2lowerGovernmentSpeakersOpposition:ArguingagainstMotion2upperoppositionSpeakers2loweroppositionSpeakersUpperHouseGovernmentOppositionForMotionAgainstLowerHouse四队参赛队构成:4支队---8名辩手上院---下院政府:支持辩题2名政府上院辩手2名政府下院辩手反对党:反对辩题2名反对党上院辩手2名反对党下院辩手上院政府反对党支持辩题反对下院NamesofSpeakersUpperHouse(Opening)PrimeMinisterLeaderoftheOppositionDeputyPrimeMinisterDeputyLeaderoftheOppositionLowerHouse(Closing)MemberofGovernmentMemberofOppositionGovernmentWhipOppositionWhipUpperHouse(Opening)PMLODPMDLOMGMOGWOWLowerHouse(Closing)辩手称谓上院(上半场)首相反对党领袖副首相反对党副领袖下院(下半场)政府阁员反对党阁员政府党鞭反对党党鞭上院(上半场)首相反对党领袖副首相反对党副领袖政府阁员反对党阁员政府党鞭反对党党鞭下院(下半场)OrderofSpeakersUpperHouse(Opening)PrimeMinister,1stGovernmentTeamLeaderoftheOpposition,1stOppositionTeamDeputyPrimeMinister,1stGovernmentTeamDeputyLeaderoftheOpposition,1stOppositionTeamLowerHouse(Closing)MemberofGovernment,2ndGovernmentTeamMemberofOpposition,2ndOppositionTeamGovernmentWhip,2ndGovernmentTeamOppositionWhip,2ndOppositionTeamUpperHouse(Opening)PMLODPMDLOMGMOGWOWLowerHouse(Closing)发言顺序上院(上半场)首相，正一反对党领袖，反一副首相，正二反对党副领袖，反二下院(下半场)政府阁员，正三反对党阁员，反三政府党鞭，正四反对党党鞭，反四上院(上半场)首相反对党领袖副首相反对党副领袖政府阁员反对党阁员政府党鞭反对党党鞭下院(下半场)PointsofInformationPOI---PointofInformationWho---amemberofanopposingteam;What---comments,statement,question…;Howtooffer---byrisingandextendinghandorbysaying“onthatpoint,Sir/Madam”NOPOI---protectedtime(thefirstandthelastminute);Time---15secondsorless信息点（质询）POI---信息点（质询）谁来质询---陈词者对方的任一辩手;质询内容---评论,陈述,提问…;怎么质询---举手示意或者说“质询”禁止质询---保护时间(陈词者发言时间的首尾各一分钟);质询时长---不超过15秒Timing7minutesforeachspeech每次发言七分钟ProtectedTime:Firstandlastminute保护时间：首尾一分钟Asingleknockontableorsoundingofabellannouncesprotectedtime一声铃响或敲桌为保护时间开始和结束的信号doubleknockorbellsignalstheendofyourspeech.双击铃响为发言时间到的信号Yourspeecheswillbetimedbyatimekeeperorbythejudge由计时员或裁判计时计时SpeakerRolesandResponsibilities辩手角色与职责1stSpeaker--PrimeMinister---Definesandinterpretsthemotion定义和阐释辩题---Developsacaseforthepropositioninsupportofthemotion构建立论以支撑辩题UpperHouse上院第一发言者——首相2ndSpeaker:LeaderofOpposition--Acceptsthedefinitionofthemotioin接受定义--RefutesthecaseofthefirstGovernment反驳对方立论--ConstructoneormoreargumentsagainstthePrimeMinister‘sinterpretationofthemotion建构一个或多个论点以反驳对方对辩题的阐释UpperHouse上院第二发言者——反对党领袖3rdSpeaker--DeputyPrimeMinister--DefendsthegeneralthesisofthefirstGovernment’scase防御本队的立论--Refutesthecaseofthefirstopposition反驳对方立论--RebuildsthecaseofthefirstGovernment优化重组己方立论--MayaddnewargumentstothecaseofthefirstGovernment可以为本方立论增加新论点UpperHouse上院第三发言者——副首相4thSpeaker–DeputyLeaderofOpposition--Continuesrefutationofcaseof1stGovernment继续反驳对方--Rebuildsargumentsofthe1stopposition.优化重组我方立论--Mayaddnewargumentstothecaseofthe1stopposition.可以增加新论点UpperHouse上院第四发言者——反对党副领袖5thSpeaker–MemberofGovernment--Defendsthegeneraldirectionandcaseofthe1stGovernment大方向上防御正上的立论--Continuesrefutationof1stopposition继续反驳对方--Developsanewargumentthatisdifferentfrombutconsitentwiththecaseofthe1stGovernment(frequentlycalledanextension)展开一些与正上立论方向一致但有区别的的新论点（常被称为“扩展”）LowerHouse下院第五发言者——政府阁员6thSpeaker–MemberofOpposition--Defendsthegeneraldirectiontakenbythe1stopposition大方向上防御反上的立论--Continuesgeneralrefutationof1stpropositioncase继续在大体上反驳对方上院--Providesmorespecificrefutationof2ndproposition具体性反驳对方下院--Providesnewoppositionextension.扩展LowerHouse下院第六发言者——反对党阁员7thSpeaker–GovernmentWhip---Summarizestheentiredebatefromthepointofviewoftheproposition从正方立场角度总结全场---Defendsthegeneralviewpointofbothpropositionteamswithaspecialeyetowardthecaseofthe2ndproposition.总体上防御正方整体立论，聚焦突出正下论点---Doesnotprovidenewarguments.不要再增加新论点LowerHouse下院第七发言者——政府党鞭8thSpeaker–OppositionWhip---Summarizestheentiredebatefromthepointofviewoftheopposition从反方立场角度总结全场---Defendsthegeneralviewpointofbothoppositionteamswithaspecialeyetowardthecaseofthe2ndopposition.总体上防御反方整体立论，聚焦突出反下论点---Doesnotprovidenewarguments.不要再增加新论点LowerHouse第八发言者——反对党党鞭HowYouWillBeEvaluatedandAdjudicatedIngeneral,youwillbeevaluatedonthestrengthofyourarguments.Althoughyourspeakingabilityinfluenceshowadjudicatorsrespondtoyourarguments,theystillwillfocusontheUsua