核桃分子生物学研究进展

生物技术通报BIOTECHNOLOGYBULLETIN201011田荣欢刘迪秋陈朝银葛锋方松刚王光勇(,650224):核桃与扁桃腰果榛子并列为世界四大干果,具有重要的经济价值和基础研究价值分子生物学及基因工程技术的发展为核桃基础理论研究提供了新的技术手段从分子水平综述了核桃过敏原和其引发过敏症的机理再生长期糖运输和叶片水分运输的调控组织培养技术的发展和利用转基因技术来培育核桃新材料的现状核桃种质资源的遗传分析研究进展,并对核桃的研究前景进行了展望:核桃过敏原生长发育组织培养转基因种质资源ResearchonMolecularBiologyofWalnuts(Juglans)TianRonghuanLiuDiqiuChenChaoyinGeFengFangSonggangWangGuangyong(FacultyofLifeScienceandTechnology,KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Kunming650224)Abstrac:tWalnut,almond,cashew,andhazelnutbelongtothefourmaindriedfruits.Thewalnutshaveimportanteconomicvalueandgreatpotentialforresearchingfundamentalconcepts.Withthedevelopmentofmolecularbiologyandgeneticengineering,newtechniquescanbeusedinthetheoreticalresearchesonwalnuts.Inthispaper,thefoodallergenofwalnutsandthemechanismofwalnutallergy,theregulationoflongdistancetransportationofcarbohydrateandthewatertransportationinleaves,thedevelopmentoftissueculturetechniquesandnewwalnutsmaterialsbymeansofthetransgenictechnology,andthegeneticanalysisofwalnutgermplasmresourceswerereviewedatthemolecularleve.lInaddition,thefutureprospectofscientificresearchesonwalnutwasviewed.Keywords:WalnutAllergenGrowthanddevelopmentTissuecultureTransgeneGermplasmresources:20100517:(2009EB081),:,,,:;Emai:[e-mail]:,,:;Emai:[e-mail](Juglans),(Juglandaceae),23,(Sec.tJuglans)(Sec.tCardiocaryon)(Sec.tRhysocaryon)(Sec.tTrachycaryon),,3,,[1],1,2S(Jur1)7S(Jur2)(Jur3)11S(Jur4)(Jur5)[2-6]Jur1Jur22S,[7]2S2SJug生物技术通报BiotechnologyBulletin201011r14IgE,#16IDNPRR11#242YDEDNQRQH50#372QVVRRQQQQ80#4102CGISSQRCEIRR113[8]2SIgE,,,IgE[2],376090Jugr1,Jugr1;Jugr1,(pH1.5)Jugr1,[8],7S,[9],7S,40-70kD,7S;[10]7S,(Jugr2)cDNA2060bp,593,Jugr2[11]Jugr247kD,15,9IgEJugr2,Jugr2IgEJugr222.1再生长期糖的运输,,,,(vesselassociatiedcells,VACs),PMH+ATP,PMH+ATP[12],PMH+ATP,,PMH+ATP[13],PMH+ATP,,PMH+ATP,;,PMH+ATP,,H+ATP,PMH+ATPH+/,JrSUT1JrSUT1,;JrHT1JrHT2JrHT1JrHT2,,JrSUT1,JrSUT1[14,15],,JrSUT1JrSUT1,JrSUT1,JrHT1JrHT2,JrHT1JrHT2,JrHT1JrHT2[16]2.2叶片水分运输,,30%,,(aquaporin)PIP1PIP2,[17]20201011:,,,[18],;,400%,,(35)JrPIP2,1JrPIP2,2,JrPIP2,;,JrPIP2,,,0.1mmol/L,JrPIP2,1JrPIP2,2,,3,,,3.1外植体的选择,(J.regia)(J.cinerea),,,[19][20]9DKW(DriverandKuniyukimedium)+250mg/LL+0.01mg/LIBA+1mg/L6BA+2mg/LKT3,8-10DKW+0.25mg/L6BA+2mg/L2,4D3,DKW,,,3.2培养基及激素,DKWNCGMSWPMMS,DKW,DKW+100mg/L+250mg/L+1mg/LBAP+2mg/LKT+0.01mg/LIBA+30g/L+0.3%W/V,4[21],DKW+0.5mg/L6BA+0.5mg/LKT+0.02mg/LIBA[19],DKW+001mg/L6BA+0.01mg/L2,4D[22]4,,,,,,,4.1冠瘿病的防治(crowngalldisease),,,,TDNA,[23](iaaM)21生物技术通报BiotechnologyBulletin201011(iaaH);(ipt)AMPAMP,iaaMiaaHipt,90%[24]iaaMiptRNAi,(J.regia)[25]iaaMipt,RNA(smallinterferingRNAs,siRNA),,4.2Bt抗虫基因转化核桃,,(CydiapomonellaL.),,,(Bacillusthuringiensis,Bt),Bt,,Bt[26]cryIA(c)Bt,pMON10518cryIA(c),,cryIA(c)0.02%,cryIA(c)0.01%,4.3查尔酮合酶反义基因转化核桃,,,pH[27](phenylalanineammonialyase,PAL),JrPAL866bp,289[28](chalconesynthase,CHS),,CHSPCR,DNA400bpCHS,,,13CHS,6[29],,,5,,,,,(J.nigra)8(J.regia),I(PROI),[30]51324,8,,,TutleBlackmore,BlackmorePayneDNAPCRRFLPJ.nigraJ.majorJ.hindsiiJ.hindsfJ.australis5,,J.nigraJ.majorJ.hindsiiJ.australisJ.hindsfDNA,;J.nigraJ.majorJ.hindsiiJ.australis22201011:,J.majorJ.hindsiiJ.australis[32]30(J.nigraL.)(J.microcarpaDode)(J.hopeiensisHu)13,590%,7278%[33]SSR8-22,,0.804;(J.mandshuricaMax.),0.222AFLP22,,,[31],RAPD8(J.regia)8(J.sigillataDode)PCR,D6250,[28]RAPD[29]18010mer122RAPD,OPG15,759bpSCARPCR,759bpSCAR,,AFLPRAPDSCAR,,6,,,,,,,,,[1],,,..,2009,24(6):166170.[2]TeuberSS,DandekarAM,PetersonWR,eta.lCloningandsequencingofageneencodinga2SalbuminseedstorageproteinprecursorfromEnglishwalnut(Juglansregia),amajorfoodallergen.JAllergyClinImmuno,l1998,101(6Pt1):807814.[3]PastorelloEA,FarioliL,PravettoniV,eta.lLipidtransferproteinandvicilinareimportantwalnutallergensinpatientsnotallergictopollen.JAllergyClinImmuno,l2004,114(4):908914.[4]TeuberSS,PetersonWR.Systemicallergicreactiontococonut(Cocosnucifera)in2subjectswithhypersensitivitytotreenutanddemonstrationofcrossreactivitytoleguminlikeseedstorageproteins:newcoconutandwalnutfoodallergens.JAllergyClinImmuno,l1999,103(6):11801185.[5]WallowitzM,PetersonWR,UratsuS,eta.lJugr4,alegumingroupfoodallergenfromwalnut(Juglansregiacv.Chandler).JAgricFoodChem,2006,54(21):83698375.[6]vanReeR,VoitenkoV,vanLeeuwenWA,eta.lProfilinisacrossreactiveallergeninpollenandvegetablefoods.IntArchAllergyImmuno,l1992,98(2):97104.[7]D!HondtK,VanDammeJ,VanDenBosscheC,eta.lStudiesoftheroleofthepropeptidesoftheArabidopsisthaliana2Salbumin.PlantPhysio,l1993,102(2):425433.[8]SordetC,CulerrierR,GranierC,eta.lExpressionofJugr1,the2Salbuminallergenfromwalnut(Juglansregia),asacorrectlyfoldedandfunctionalrecombinantprotein.Peptides,2009,30(7):12131221.[9]BorrotoK,DureL.Theglobulinseedstorageproteinsoffloweringplantsarederivedfromtwoancestralgenes.PlantMolBio,l1987,8(2):113131.[10]DoyleJJ,SchulerMA,GodetteWD,eta.lTheglycosylatedseedstorageproteinsofGlycinemaxandPhaseolusvulgaris.Structuralhomologiesofgenesandproteins.JBiolChem,1986,261(20):92289238.[11]TeuberSS,JarvisKC,DandekarAM,eta.lIdentificationandcloningofacomplementaryDNAencodingav