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中考英语专项练习:形容词和副词一、形容词形容词的作用与位置形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。2、形容词在句子中的位置:(1)作定语时放在名词的前面‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧‧。形容词修饰名词。(2)修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如:Somethingserioushashappenedtohim.(他发生了严重的事故)二、课堂练习1.MissLiis_________(严格的)withus,butsheisthemostpopularteacherinourschool.2.Itisnotsafeforsuchasmallchildtoswim_________(单独)intheriver.3.LearningChineseisverypopularamongforeignersnow.I'msureitwillbeused_______(wide)intheworld.4.Eatingtoomuchfastfoodisnot________(health).5.____________(lucky),thesickboyhadasuccessfuloperationatlast.6.Insomeways,thespaceshuttlestravelfast,butthejourneytoMarsmaybevery________(comfortable).7.--Theradiosaysitwillbe________(rain)tomorrow,sowecan'thaveapicnicinthepark.--Whatapity!8.Congratulations!You’veansweredallthequestions(正确地).9.(luck),Johngotbackthenotebookthathehadlostatthecafe.10.Eatsomevegetablesandfruiteverydaybecausetheyare(health)food.三.形容词常用句型1.“it’s+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。2.“it’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等。四、形容词的比较级形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、分类:形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est:b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est:c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est:(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.3、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好;(身体)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地;(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地;(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的;更most最多的;最much许多的(不可数);非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的;远地farther更远的;更远地farthest最远的;最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法:级别比较程度表达方式和意义例句备注原级同等程度肯定形式As+原级+as(像……一样)Artisasinterestingasmusic.Playaswellasyoucan.否定形式not+so(as)+原级+as(不如……那样)Englishisnotsodifficultasscience.Shedoesnotthinkswimmingisasinterestingashiking.注意Idon’tthink否定前移句型比较级不同程度(用于两者比较)比较级+than(比……)JimisolderthanLuky.Ilikeporkbetterthanbeef.比较级前面可以加much,far,even,still,alot,alittle,abit等程度加深比较级+and+比较级(越来越……)The+比较级,the+比较级(越……,越……)Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.Hestudiesbetterandbetter.Themorebooksshereads,thebettersheunderstand.最高级最高程度(用于三者或三者以上)The+最高级+of(in)(最……)Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.LinTaojumped(the)farthestofall.副词最高级前面的the往往省略5、形容词比较级与最高级的特殊用法举例:①Hisbikeisnewerthanhers.(见到than必须用比较级)②Jimisthetallestinourclass.(在班集等集体内用介词in来表示比较的范围)③Jimisthetallestofall(thestudens).(见到ofall要用最高级)=Ofallthestudents,Jimisthetallest.④Jimisthetallestofthethree.(见到ofthethree要用最高级)⑤Whichisbigger,atigeroramonkey?(两者比用比较级)⑥Whichisthebiggest,atiger,adogoramonkey?(三者或三者以上比用最高级)⑦Thisrulerisshort,Pleasegivemealongerone.⑧I’dlikethebigger(one)ofthetwocakes.(两者中“较……”用“the+比较级”)⑩TomistwoyearsolderthanI.汤姆比我大两岁。TomistwiceasoldasI.汤姆的年龄是我的两倍。⑾Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisbigger/larger/smallerthanyours.我们学校的学生数目比你们学校大/小。(两个数量/目只级比较大小,不能比较多少(价格price只能比较高低,用“high”或“low”,不能比较贵或便宜)7、比较级前常用的修饰语:比较级前常用abit/alittle(一点),much/alot(非常),even/far(更加),still等词语表示程度。而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/any/no/one/two/many/several/alot等词。例如:①SheisalittletallerthanI(me).②RoseismuchmorecarefulthanTom..③Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee?Hedidnoteatanymore.(他没有再吃)8、使用形容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项:1.than必须放在形容词比较级的后面。2.形容词的最高级前必须有the,而副词的最高级前the可以省略。3.在进行比较时,必须是同类事物相比较。①HisrulerislongerthanI.(错)②Hisrulerislongerthanmine.(对)③TheweatherhereishotterthanthatinBeijing.(that不能少)课堂练习1.Itwas__________weatherthattheydecidedtogooutforapicnic无锡市A.suchfineB.suchafineC.sofineD.sofinea2.Myparentswillgotherebytaxibecauseitisraining____________.A.badlyB.hardlyC.probablyD.heavily3.Danielisacarefuldriver,buthedrives_______ofmyfriends.苏州市A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully4.MrsKingkeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch________shewasgetting.A.heavyB.heavierC.theheavierD.theheaviest5.—Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchlastweekend?—Yes,Idid.Itwascovered________,andIthinkitwaswonderful.A.liveB.aliveClivingD.lively6.Thegirl'svoicesounds________.Maybeshecanbecomeagoodsingerwhenshegrowsup.A.sweetB.sweetlyC.beautifully7.—Howareyoutoday,Bob?—I'meven_______now.Idon'tthinkthemedicineisgoodforme.A.betterB.worseC.happierD.unluckier8.Billyhasallkindsofdifferentideas.Heis________tobeafamouswriter.宿迁市A.enoughcreativeB.creativeenoughC.energeticenoughD.enoughenergetic9.Helenlearnstodancethreetimesaweek.Nowshedances________Anitadoes.A.sogoodasB.aswellasB.C.asgoodasD.sowellas10.Whenthefirebrokeout,manypeoplewereso________thattheyran________.A.frightening;wildB.frightened;wildC.frightened;wildlyD.frightening;wildly副词一、考查重点中考试题对副词的考查涉及常用副词的用法、副词等级的各种句型、易混淆的副词用法辨析等。其中,频度副词always,often,usually,sometimes,never,时间副词already,yet,still,just,疑问副词how,why,when,where,程度副词enough,quite以及too,also,either等的用法区别,副词比较等级句型是考查的热点。二、副词的基本用法:副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。课堂练习1.Thesun_______risesintheeast.A.neverB.sometimesC.alwaysD.often2.—Ialwayslistentotheteacher________inclass.—It’sverycleverofyoutodothat.A.freeB.fr
本文标题:形容词和副词专项练习
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