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初中英语语法专项练习精英学校1不定冠词和定冠词的用法一、不定冠词的用法(1)不定冠词有a和an两种:a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前。例如:aboy,acity,agirl,ausefulanimal,anoldman,anhonestboy,abadapple,atallelephant(2)用来表示“一”的意思,但不强调数的观念,只说明名词为不特定者。即不具体说明是何人何物。例如:Ateacherislookingforyou.Weworkfivedaysaweek.(3)不定冠词含有“—”的意思,但数量观念没有one强烈,在句子里边一般可以不必译出,但若有“一个”的意思则译出,例如:Anorangeisgoodforyou.桔子对你有好处。(4)一般用在可数名词单数前,指人或事物的某一种类。例如:Billisastudent.Passmeanapple,please.(5)用在某些固定词组中。例如:alotof,amomentago,afew,alittle二、定冠词的用法(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物例如:Thebookonthedeskismine.Showmethephotooftheboy,please.(2)指双方都知道的人或事物。例如:Openthedoor,please.请开门。Didyouseetheboy?你看见那个男孩了吗?What’sthenewteacher’sname?新老师的名字叫什么?(3)指上文提到的人或事物。例如:Helivesonafarm.Thefarmisnotbig.他住在农场,这农场不大。Therearesomedogs.Thedogsareverylovely.这儿有一些狗。这些狗很可爱。(4)用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如:Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太阳比月亮大些。但这些名词作为描绘性定语时,可用不定冠词。例如:Look!Aredsunisrising.瞧!一轮红日正在升起。(5)用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如:Thefirstislandisthebiggestofthethree.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。(6)用在用普通名词构成的党派,国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。例如:TheywillvisittheGreatWallnextweek.TheycametotheUnitedStatesofAmericalastyear.TheCommunistPartyofChinawasfoundedonJuly1st,1921.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.(7)用在形容词前表示一类人,the+形容词指的是一群人,是一种复数含义,所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如:Theoldaresick.(8)用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。例如:TheSmithshavemovedtoLondon.(9)用在某些习惯用语中。初中英语语法专项练习精英学校2例如:inthemorning,ontheleft,thedaybeforeyesterday,allthesame三、不用冠词的情况(1)星期、月份、季节节日前一般不用冠词。但是中国传统节日前习惯用冠词。例如:Allofuslikethespringfestival.我们喜欢春节。It’sSundaytoday.今天是星期天。HewasbornonJune12,1999.他出生于1999年6月12日。TodayisFather’sDay.今天是父亲节。Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?冬天来了,春天还会远吗但是如果被一个限制性定语修饰或有表示继续的介词during,through时与表一段特定的时间,则在季节前要加定冠词。例如:ShecametoShanghaiinthespringof1987.她是一九八七年春天来上海的。TheschoolwascompletedintheSeptemberof2000.这学校是2000年9月落成的。Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.他夏天的每一天都游泳。虽不特指某一年的季节,但说话人把某季节看作一年的一部分,即一年的某一时间。则在季节前要加定冠词。例如:Weplayfootballinthewinter.(2)在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如:Mr.Liisourheadmaster.李先生是我们的校长。AfterlunchAuntHuangcamein.午饭后黄阿姨来了。(3)各词复数表示一类人或事物时。但若各词复数被一个限制性定语修饰,则要加定冠词the.例如:Ilikecakesverymuch.我非常喜欢蛋糕。MyfatherandmotherarethedoctorsinPeople’sHospitalofShangha(4)在三餐饭,球类运动与棋类游戏,学科名称的名词前。但若表示某一种或某一个特定的概念时用冠词。例如:Hehadsupperwithusyesterday.It’saverygoodsupper.他昨天和我们吃晚饭,这是一顿丰盛的晚餐。Mybrotherlikestoplayfootball.我兄弟喜欢踢足球。Let’sgoandwatchthemplaychess.让我们去看他们下棋。(5)在物质名词,抽象名词,人名,地名等专有名词和不可数名词前.但若可数各词有其它限制词修饰时,则要加定冠词the.例如:Smithisourteacher.史密思是我们的老师。Milkisgoodforus.牛奶对我们有好处。Thewaterinthepoolisverydirty.坑里的水很脏。(6)名词前已有作定语的this、that、my、your、some、any、等限定词时例如:Comethisway,please.I’vesomequestiontoaskyou.Mybrotherisastudent.初中英语语法专项练习精英学校3词法冠词专项练习一、选择填空:()1.Sheis_______girl.Sheis_______Englishgirl.A.a…aB.an….aC.a….anD.a…./()2.Tomis_______English.Heis_______Englishboy.A.an….anB./….anC./…/D.a…a()3._______liveinRoom208.A.TheGreenB.GreenC.TheGreensD.Greens()4.Januaryis_______firstmonthoftheyear.A.aB./C.anD.the()5.Weshouldthinkof_______oldand_______sick.A.a….aB.an…aC.the….theD./…./()6._______numberofthestudentsinourclassis52.A.AB.AnC.TheD./()7.Shecanplay_______piano,butshecan'tplay_______football.A.the…theB.the…/C./…theD.a….a()8.Thereis_______sinthewordsixand_______sisthefirstletteroftheword.A.a…theB.a….anC.an…theD.a…a()9.Ahorseis_______usefulanimal.A.anB.aC.theD.this()10.Hehasalreadyworkedfor_______hour.A.anB.aC.theD.three()11.Lucywantstobecome_______.A.someteacherB.ateacherC.teacherD.teachers()12.Hainanis_______islands,isn'tit?A.theB.oneC.aD.an()13.Whatdoyouusuallydoafter_______?A.theclassB.classC.theclassesD.aclass()14.I'llhavetobuy_______trousers.A.aB.twoC.apairofD.pair()15.I'vethrownmyoldshoesaway.I'llhavetobuy_______.A.anewpairB.anewoneC.somenewD.somenewpair()16.Myuncletoldmehewasgoingtovisit_______.A.theUnitedStateB.theUnitedStatesC.UnitedStatesD.UnitedStates()17.Theyfailedsixtimes,buttheyhavedecidedtotry_______.A.seventimesB.theseventimeC.theseventhtimeD.seventhtime()18.Whoarethoseboys?Oneismybrotherand_______.A.thebigboyisMikeB.abigboyisMikeC.thebigboyisaPeterD.abigboyisaPeter()19.Youwillfind_______girlinblack.Sheis_______teacher.A.a,theB.the,aC.a,aD.the,the()20._______birdscanflyeveryhighin_______sky.A.The,theB.The,aC.An,theD.A,the()21.I'mnotlookingat_______.A.sunB.skyC.thesunD.somesky初中英语语法专项练习精英学校4()22.Thelittleboywishestobe_______.A.LeiFengB.theLeiFengC.thisLeiFengD.aLeiFeng()23._______havestudiedEnglishinourschool.A.MostofstudentsB.ThemoststudentsC.MostofthestudentsD.Moststudent()24.Tom'sbrotherhitBobon_______nose.A.hisB.theC.itsD.a()25.Wearegoingtohaveanexam_______.A.intheclassB.inaclassC.attheclassD.inclass()26.Wehavehad_______.A.gooddinnerB.agooddinnerC.thegooddinnerD.gooddinners()27._______fineweatherwehavetoday!Let'sgoswimming.A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa()28.There's_______appletreebehind_______house.A.an,theB.a,aC.an,aD.the,the()29.Wecanseethesunin_______daytime,butwecan'tseeitat_______night.A.a,theB.the,/C.a,/D.an,/()30.Isaw_______oldmanwalkingacrossthestreetand_______oldmanlookedworried.A.an,anB.the,theC.an,theD.the,an()31.What_______itis!A.aheavyrainB.heavyrainC.aheavyrainsD.heavyrains()32._______timewehadattheparty!A.WhatwonderfulB.What
本文标题:不定冠词和定冠词的用法
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