2016专题十一特殊句式倒装强调主谓一致等常考点

2016高考专题十一特殊句式(倒装、强调、主谓一致等)常考点近几年，高考中有关特殊句式注重考查知识之间的交叉，因此，也加大了在语境中综合考查语法知识的力度。在考查强调句的同时，把定语从句、省略句以及强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句等融合到一起，考查学生综合把握语法知识的能力。1强调句①构成和判断：“Itis/was＋被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/方式状语/名词/代词/从句)＋that(指人可用who)＋句子的其余部分”。如：Itwasbecausehewasillthathewasabsent.②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句。如：Was_itonthestreetthat_youmetTom?What_was_it_thatmadehimupset?Doyouknowwhat_it_was_that_made_him_upset?[注]强调句型用于宾语从句时应用陈述语序。③notuntil的强调句，其结构为“Itis/wasnotuntil＋被强调部分＋that＋句子剩余部分”。如：ItwasnotuntilIcamebackthatheleft.④强调谓语用“does/do/did＋动词原形”。如：Hedidcomebackyesterday.①Inmyopinion，Mr.White________goodtohisstudentsinhisclassatpresent.A.doesdoesB.doesdidC.doesdoD.diddo②—Whatdidshewanttoknow，Tom?—Shewondered________wecouldcompletetheexperiment.A.whenwasitB.itwaswhenthatC.itwaswhenD.whenitwasthat③Itwasonthefarm________theyvisited________theygottoknow.A.where；thatB.which；whenC.that；thatD.which；which④—________thathemanagedtogettheinformation?—Oh，afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit⑤Itwasabout600yearsago________thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when2it用法①指代上文的同名同物。如：Thereisnomorethanonecopyleft.Willyoubuyit?②作形式主语和形式宾语。如：Itisimpossibletogetthereintime.IoweittohimthatIcansucceed.Weshouldbringittohisattentionthatheshouldworkhard.③like/dislike/hate/appreciate/prefer/want/stand/...＋it＋从句④dependon/relyon＋it＋从句；seeto＋it＋从句⑤用于固定短语或句型中。如：getit/makeit/catchit/forgetit/it'sworthit/Ican'thelpit/assb.putit/meanit。⑥指代时间、天气、距离、温度或在打电话、有人敲门等情形时。①Idislike________whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.thisD.them②Itworriedherabit________herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for③Youmustseeto________allthechildrenarebeingtakengoodcareof.A.thatB.itC.itthatD.whether④________isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger，moreprosperouseconomy.A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It3倒装句①表方式或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，主语是名词时要全部倒装，且不用进行时倒装。若主语为人称代词则不倒装。如：Incametheteacher.老师进来了。Inhecame.他进来了。②分词、形容词放在句首全部倒装。如：Hangingonthewallaretwopictures.③“Only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句”放在句首时倒装(在强调句中不可倒装，notuntil也是如此)。如：Onlythendidherealizehewaswrong.Onlywhenyouworkhardwillyousucceed.④否定词和否定短语(innocase，undernocircumstances，onnoaccount，innoway，onnocondition，bynomeans，atnotime)放在句首时倒装。如：Hesaidthatundernocircumstanceswould_he_give_up．⑤Hardly/Scarcely...when...＝Nosooner...than用过去完成时，主句倒装。如：Hardlyhadthefootballgamebegunwhenitstartedraining.＝Nosoonerhadthefootballgamebegunthanitstartedraining.⑥notonly...but(also)．..中notonly后的句子需倒装。如：Notonlyistheyoungmancleverbutalsoheishardworking.⑦表示“A...B也(不)．..”，用so，neither/nor倒装。如：HespeaksChinese，andsodoI.Hedoesn'tspeakJapanese，andnor/neitherdoI.⑧so/such...that...(如此……以至于)放在句首时倒装。如：Suchagoodteacheris_hethatwealllikehim.Sogoodis_the_teacher_thatwealllikehim.⑨as表示“虽然”时，用“名词(不带冠词)/形容词/副词/动词原形＋as...”。如：Childasheis，heknowsalot.⑩表虚拟语气中的had，were，should提到主语前。如：Wereittoraintomorrow，Iwouldnotgothere.＝Shoulditraintomorrow，Iwouldnotgothere.HadIattendedthemeetingyesterday，Iwouldhaveseenhim.①OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly________howmuchIlovedthem.A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize②________，hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.A.StrangeasmightitsoundB.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.AsstrangeitmightsoundD.Strangeasitmightsound③IhavebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesfortwentyyears，butseldom________solonelyasnow.A.haveIfeltB.IhadfeltC.IhavefeltD.hadIfelt④Sosudden________thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.A.didtheattackB.theattackdidC.wastheattackD.theattackwas⑤Notuntil________onTV________thattheChineseshipwasrescuedbytheEuropeanUnionTaskForce.A.Iturned；didIknowB.didIturn；didIknowC.didIturn；IknewD.Iturned；Ihadknown4主谓一致①and连接同一个人、同一事物、同一概念时，谓语用单数。如：Thewriterandworkerisintheroom.②动名词、不定式和从句作主语，谓语用单数。如：Educatinggirlsisveryimportant.③度量衡、国家、报刊、组织、书等后的谓语用单数。如：5，000dollarsisalargesumofmoney.④allof.../mostof.../someof.../halfof.../partof.../therestof.../百分数/分数词/……后的谓语用单数或复数取决于所修饰的名词。如：Allofthebookshavebeensoldout.Allofthemoneyhasbeenlent.⑤team/band/class/family/public/population/government/committee等集体名词作主语时，需根据其所表示的意思来确定谓语的单复数形式。如：Thefamilyismadeupoffivemembers.ThefamilyarewatchingTV.⑥“therich/poor/old/young/wounded/dead/living/...(表示“一类人”)＋复数谓语”“thenew/old/beautiful/unexplained/...(表示“抽象概念”)＋单数谓语”。如：Theoldareeasilytakenin.⑦以manya＋n.，morethanone＋n.，each/every/no＋n.(＋each/every/no＋n.)作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Manyastudenthasseenthefilm.Eachgirlandeachboyhasabook.⑧“Anumberof...＋复数谓语”“Thenumberof...＋单数谓语”。如：Anumberofstudentsarefondofthebook.Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis50.⑨“Quantitiesof＋单数名词/复数名词＋复数谓语”“Aquantityof＋单数名词＋单数谓语”“Aquantityof＋复数名词＋复数谓语”。如：Largequantitiesofwaterarebadlypolluted.Alargequantityofwaterisbadlypolluted.○10就近原则(either...or...，notonly...butalso，not...but，neither...nor...，therebe)；就远原则(with，alongwith，togetherwith，aswellas，suchas/like，ratherthan，besides，including，but，except)。如：NotIbutTomandJackareright.NobodybutTomandJackisright.用所给词的适当形式填空：①Manyastudent________(have)alreadymadesuchaninterestingexperiment.②Theteacherandwriter________(be)deliveringaspeechnow.③Maryalongwithherparents________(be)goingtoattendthemeeting.④Notonlythestud