75t循环流化床锅炉设计

精品论文西昌地区75t/h循环流化床蒸汽锅炉设计摘要循环流化床（CFB）燃烧技术是上个世纪70年代在国际上发展起来，80年代在锅炉上得到成功应用的一种清洁煤燃烧技术。由于它具有高效，低污染且煤种适应性强这三大特点，自从70年代末第一台20t/h循环流化床锅炉问世以来，循环流化床燃烧技术得到了许多国家的重视，并与此同时得到了迅速的发展。我国自上世纪八十年代起开始发展循环流化床锅炉技术，并同时采取引进和自我开发两条路线，目前已经完全掌握了中小型循环流化床锅炉设计制造技术。本次设计根据给定的毕业设计任务书，参考相关资料，结合工程实际情况，在分析锅炉的基本构造、工作过程及基本特性的基础上，对西昌地区75t/h循环流化床蒸汽锅炉进行设计。锅炉主体采用最典型的M型布置方式，在炉膛出口与尾部烟道之间布置高温绝热旋风分离器。尾部竖井烟道依次布置两级过热器，交错布置两级省煤器和两级空气预热器。另外本设计进行了炉膛设计计算、锅炉各对流受热面的设计计算、气包与集箱的强度校核计算、烟风阻力计算。在热力计算中，利用相似原理，采用逐次逼近法，进行迭代计算，确定炉体及相关部件的尺寸。本次设计的锅炉效率为86.83%，炉膛截面积为31.27m2，炉膛容积为781.85m3。从计算结果知，该锅炉设计合理，效率较高，可供工程实际设计参考，若能工程实施，将能带来较好的社会效益与经济效益。本毕业设计论文包括设计说明书一份、锅炉系统总图一张、锅炉水管系统图一张、锅筒图一张。关键词循环流化床；锅炉设计；高温绝热旋风分离器精品论文Designof75t/hcirculatingfluidizedbedsteamboilerforXichangAbstractThecirculationfluidbed(CFB)burningtechnologyisakindofcleancoalburningtechnologywhichstartsfrom70's,andachievetheapplicationontheboilersuccessfullyat80'sinthelastcentury.Becauseitshighlyeffective,thelowpollutionandstrongcompatibleformanycoalplants.Itisattheendofthe70'swhenthefirst20t/hcirculationfluidbedboilerhasbeenpublished,thecirculationfluidbedburningtechnologyobtainedmanynationals’values,andobtainedtherapiddevelopmentatthesametime.Ourcountryopensthebeginningofdeveloppingthecirculationfluidbedboilertechnologyfromoncentury80's,andsimultaneouslyadoptstheintroductionandtheself-developmenttwopoliticallines,wearealreadycompletelyhadgraspedthedesignandmanufacturetechnologyformiddleandsmallscalecirculationfluidbedboileratpresent.Accordingtothegraduationdesignmissionbookthatthetutorgavedefinitely,thisdesigncombinestheoperationexperienceoftheprojectpracticeandconsulttherelevantdesigndata,a75t/hCFBsteamboilerforXichangisdesignedonthebasisofconsultingconcerningreferencesandanalyzingbasicstructure,workingprocessandgeneralfeaturesoftheboiler.TypicalMtypeboiler.Thehightemperaturecycloneseparatorisdistributedbetweentheoutergateofthefurnaceandverticalflue;primary,secondarysuperheaterhigherandlowerleveleconomizerscross-connectedlyisdistributedintheverticalflue.Inaddition,designingcalculationoffurnace,convectiveheatingsurface,intensityofdrumandsmoke-windresistanceareaccomplished.Itshouldbeemphasizedthatsimilaritycriterionandsuccessiveapproximationmethodwithiterative精品论文computingareusedinheatingcalculation.Theefficiency、sectionalareaandvolumeofthedesignedboilerare86.83%,31.27m2,781.85m3respectively.Itcanbeseenfromthecalculatingresultthatthetotaldesigncangainboththeeconomicalbenefitandthesocialbenefit,whichindicatesthedesigncanbeprovidedasreferenceofactualengineeringdesign.Thisgraduationdesignpaperincludedadesigninstruction，asystemicdrawingofboiler,adrawingoftubeandadrawingofdrum.Keywordscirculatingfluidizedbed;designofboiler;hightemperaturecycloneseparator精品论文目录摘要......................................................................................................................IAbstract...............................................................................................................II第1章绪论....................................................................................................61.1循环流化床锅炉的发展历程与应用.......................................................61.2我国循环流化床锅炉的发展...................................................................71.3循环流化床锅炉的前景展望...................................................................81.3.1循环流化床高参数化----超临界化................................................81.3.2循环流化床调峰机组........................................................................91.3.3循环流化床热水锅炉........................................................................9第2章锅炉的总体结构布置..........................................................................102.1锅炉结构初步选定及其概述.................................................................102.2方案论证.................................................................................................112.2.1锅炉的总体布置..............................................................................112.2.2气固分离器的选取..........................................................................122.2.3炉膛结构的初步设计......................................................................122.2.4水冷壁及其炉墙形式的选取..........................................................122.2.5过热器与减温器的选取..................................................................122.2.6省煤器的选取..................................................................................132.2.7空气预热器的选取..........................................................................132.2.8西昌地区的煤种情况......................................................................132.3本章小结.................................................................................................14第3章热力计算..............................................................................................153.1锅炉规范、辅助计算及热平衡计算.....................................................153.1.1基本参数..........................................................................................153.1.2煤种及燃料特性..............................................................................153.1.3辅助计算............