生物柴油制备技术的研究进展

20063512PETROCHEMICALTECHNOLOGY[]2006-08-07;[]2006-08-20[](1965),,,,,010-62781469,[e-mail],,,(,100084)[],,(),,(),[];;;;;;[]1000-8144(2006)12-1119-06[]TQ517.2[]AAdvanceinResearchforPreparationofBiodieselOilHanMinghan,ChenHe,WangJinfu,JinYong(DepartmentofChemicalEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)[Abstract]Biodieseloilnotonlyburnssimilarlytodieseloilfrompetroleum,butalsoisenvironmentallyfriendlyandrenewable.Soitisanidealsubstitutefordieseloilfrompetroleum.Inthispaper,severaltechnologiesofpyrolysis,transesterificationandlatestresearchachievementswerereviewed,includingchemicalcatalysis,enzymecatalysisandsupercriticalmethodforproductionofbiodieseloil.Inordertoreduceproductioncostofbiodieseloil,inexpensivematerials,namelywasteoilsandfats,canbeusedasmaterials.Forwasteoilsandfatswithhighacidvalue,thesuitableenvironmentallyfriendlycatalystsaresolidacidandionicliquid.[Keywords]biodieseloil;transesterification;solidbase;organicbase;solidacid;ionicliquid;supercriticality,,,,,[1,2],,,,,,,,,,,,[3],,,9111PETROCHEMICALTECHNOLOGY2006351[4],,1983,[5],;1-[6,7],,,[8],,()(),3Triglycerides+ROHDiglycerides+R1COOR(1)Diglycerides+ROHMonoglycerides+R2COOR(2)Monoglycerides+ROHGlycerol+R3COOR(3),,[9],:,49(45),,;,;,,CO2CO2,;,,[10]2,,,2.1,,[11,12]60()61()1.0%,90%,,,,,,(),[13];,,[14,15],,2.2,,(B),,,,,,,,,,,Crabbe[16],4015%95,9h,97%;80,24hFreedman[17],1173011%,3h,99%;65,50h,,,,;,,,,,021112.33.13.1.1,,,Peterson[18],,(200),CaOMgO,10%,CaOMgO,121652h()2%,80%[19];MgO-Al2O3(MgO-Al2O3MgO),86.5%[20];,KF-CaO,90%[21];99%,,Al2O3K2CO3,94%[22],,,,,3.1.2,Sercheli[23](TBD),7061()1%,1h,90%TBD,SercheliTBDMCM-41,,5h,92%Schuchardt[24]TBD(PE),TBD-MCM-41TBD-PETBD-MCM-41,,,,,,[25]4100%1410.5%()6%230,6h,4,84.8%,95.8%,98.5%,80.2%,,,3.23.2.1,,,()[26]Zr(SO4)2,,61()3%6h65,96.6%[27]TiO2-SO2-4,30%(),230121()2%,810h,90%:,3.2.2,,[28,29],170121()1%,5h,90%,,,,B,300,,1211PETROCHEMICALTECHNOLOGY200635;,,KOH,,B,3.3,(3040),,,,,,,,,[30,31],Iso[32](1-1-)1,4-,[33],,,,,,,,90%(),3.4,,,,[34],30020MPa421,15min,100%,Han[35]CO2,28014.3MPa241CO20.1,10min,98%:,30%,;30%,90%[36],,3.5,,3.5.1,,,,,Quintana[37],4061,15min,99.4%[38]Boocock[39,40](THF),23mL22mLTHF,27123,7min,99.4%Kim[41],Na/NaOH/-Al2O3,3.5.2,,Zullaikah[42]:602h,98%35%;:(),1006h,,98%221112.,99.8%[43],,,4,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,;,B,,,,,,,1SrivastavaA,PrasadR.Triglycerides2DasedDieselFuels.RenewSustainEnergyRev,2000,4:1111332DemirbasA.BiodieselFuelsfromVegetableOilsviaCatalyticandNon2CatalyticSupercriticalAlcoholTransesterificationsandOtherMethods:ASurvey.EnergyConvManage,2003,44:209321093FreedmanB,PrydeEH,MountsTL.VariablesAffectingtheYieldsofFattyEstersfromTransesterifiedVegetableOils.JAmOilChemSoc,1984,61(10):163816434MeherLC,SagarDV,NaikSN.TechnicalAspectsofBiodieselProductionbyTransesterificationAReview.RenewSustainEnergyRev,2006,10:2482685ZiejewskiM,KaufmanKR,PrattGL.VegetableOilasDieselFuel.In:SeminarII,ed.NorthernRegionalResearchCenter,Peo2ria:Illinois,1983.19206BagbyMO.VegetableOilsforDieselFuel:OpportunitiesforDevelopment.In:InternationalWinterMeetingoftheASAE,Chi2cago:HattRegencyy,1987.15187SchwabAW,BagbyMO,FreedmanB.PreparationandPropertiesofDieselFuelsfromVegetableOils.Fuel,1987,66:137213788SchwabAW,DykstraGJ,SelkeE,etal.DieselFuelfromTher2malDecompositionofSoybeanoil.JAmOilChemSoc,1988,65(12):178117869WarabiY,KusdianaD,SakaS.ReactivityofTriglyceridesandFattyAcidsofRapeseedoilinSupercriticalAlcohols.BioresourTechnol,2004,91:28328710DemirbasA.BiodieselProductionfromVegetableOilsviaCatalyticandNon2CatalyticSupercriticalMethanolTransesterificationMethods.ProgEnergyCombustSci,2005,31:46648711MaF,HannaMA.BiodieselProduction:AReview.BioresourTechnol,1999,70:11512KomersK,StloukalR,MachekJ,etal.BiodieselfromRapeseedOil,MethanolandKOH3.AnalysisofCompositionofActualMix2ture.EurJLipidSciTechnol,2001,103:36337113FelizardoP,CorreiaMJN,RaposoI,etal.ProductionofBiodieselfromWasteFryingOils.WasteManage,2006,26:48749414..,CN1031070.199615SternR,HillionG,GateauP,etal.ProcessforManufacturingaCompositionofFattyAcidEstersUsefulasGasOilSubstituteMotorFuelwithHydratedEthylAlcoholandtheResultantEstersComposition.USPatAppl,US4695411.198716CrabbeE,Nolasco2HipolitoC,KobayashiG,etal.BiodieselPro2ductionfromCrudePalmOilandEvaluationofButanolExtractionandFuelProperties.ProcessBiochem,2001,37(1):657117FreedmanB,ButterfieldRO,PrydeEH.TransesterificationKine2ticsofSoybeanOil.JAmOilChemSoc,1986,63(10):1375138018PetersonGR,ScarrahWP.RapeseedOilTransesterificationbyHeterogeneousCatalysis.JAmOilChemSoc,1984,61:1593159719,,..,2005,30(10):666920,,.Mg-Al.,2003,32(9):80080421,.KF/CaO.,2005,34(3):28228622EbiuraT,EchizenT,IshikawaA,etal.SelectiveTransesterificationofTrioleinwithMethanoltoMethylOleateandGlycerolUsingAluminaLoadedwithAlkaliMetalSaltasaSolid2BaseCatalyst.ApplCatal,A,2005,283:11111623SercheliR,VargasRM,SchuchardtU.Alkylguanidine2CatalyzedHeterogeneousTransesterificationofSoybeanOil.JAmOilChemSoc,1999,76:1207121024SchuchardtU,VargasRM,GelbardG.TransesterificationofSoy23211PETROCHEMICALTECHNOLOGY200635beanOilCatalyzedbyA