生物肥对冬枣生物学特性及产量和品质的影响

246201012JournalofSoilandWaterConservationVol.24No.6Dec.,2010:20100910:(2007GG2009007);(2006BAD03A1505-3):(1978-),,,,Email:[e-mail]:(1970-),,,,,Email:[e-mail]刘方春1,邢尚军1,马海林1,杜振宇1,马丙尧1,段春华1,陈波2(1.,,250014;2.,271018):6(ZizyphusjujubaMill.),(OF)(JBF),JBF(NBF)OF,JBF,,JBFNBF16.88%16.2%,,NBFOFCK8.76%,20.41%19.09%JBF,,,NBF,JBF(POD)(CAT)18%26.8%,(MDA)20.6%JBF,C,,,,,,,,:;;;;;:S144.1;S665.1;S154:A:10092242(2010)06022205EffectsofBiologicalorganicFertilizeronBiologicalCharacteristics,YieldandQualityofZizyphusjujubeMill.DongzaoTreesLIUFangchun1,XINGShangjun1,MAHailin1,DUZhenyu1,MABingyao1,DUANChunhua1,CHENBo2(1.ShandongAcademyofForest,ShandongEngineeringResearchCenterforEcologicalRestorationofForestVegetation,Jinan250014;2.CollegeofLifeScience,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Taian271018)Abstract:Topreparebiologicalorganicfertilize(JBF),dominantmicroorganismwereextractedfromrhizospheresoilofZizyphusjujubeMill.Dongzaotreesbykeepinggreenmethodandweightincreasemethodandthencompoundedwithdecomposedchickenmanure(OF).EffectofJBF,normalbiologicalfertilizer(NBF)andOFonbiologicalcharacteristicsofsixyearoldZizyphusjujubeMill.DongzaotreeswerestudiedinBinzhouChinesejujubeorchards.AswellastheeffectonyieldandqualityofZizyphusjujubeMill.fruitwerestudiedtoo.ResultshowedthatapplicationofJBFhadnoeffectonthecontentofphosphorus.HoweverJBFeffectivelyenhancedthepotassiumcontentinleafandbranch.Indifferentgrowperiod,nitrogencontentwasdifferentbothinleafandbranch.ComparedwithNBF,JBFincreasednitrogencontentinleafandbranchby16.88%and16.2%invegetativegrowthstage,respectively.Inpickingperiod,JBFhadnoeffectonthenitrogencontentinleaf.However,thenitrogencontentofbranchwasincreasedby8.76%,20.41%and19.09%inJBFthaninNBF,OFandCK.RootactivityofJBFwasstillhigherthanOFandCKbothingrowthperiodandinpickingperiod.ApplicationofJBFincreasedthephotosyntheticrateandchlorophyllcontentofleavesinpickingperiod.However,therewasnodifferenceingrowthperiodamongdifferenttreatments.Besides,JBFremarkablyincreasedtheactivityofperoxidase(POD)andcatalase(CAT)by18%and26.8%respectively,butgreatlydecreasethemalondialdehyde(MDA)accumulationinleavesby20.6%.ComparedwithOFandCK,JBFhadnoeffectontheyieldofZizyphusjujubeMill.fruit,butimproveditsqualitytosomeextent.Thatwastosay,JBFraisedthecontentofvitaminC,solublesugarandsolublesolids.Althoughtherewasnodifferenceoftitratableacidityindifferenttreatments,JBFincreasedtheratioofsolublesugarandtitratableacidityeffectively.Inshort,applicationofJBFnotonlyincreasedtherootactivityandadsorptionofnitrogenandpotassium,butalsoimprovedthestoragenitrogenandresistanceofZizyphusjujubeMil.treecausedbybandgirdle.Thoughtherewasnoeffectonyield,JBFimprovedthequalitytosomeextentofZizyphusjujubeMill.Fruit.Keywords:biologicalorganicfertilizer;chickenmanure;ZizyphusjujubeMill.Dongzao;enzymeactivity;yield;quality(ZiziphusjujubeMill.)(Rhamnaceae)(ZiziphusMill.),,,,,,,,[1],,[2],/,,/,,3~5,,,[3],,,,,[4],,6,(0.5/g),,1材料与方法1.1(37.22!N,108.02!E)6,,,3m∀3m,7.4cm2.5m10.25g/kg,38.74mg/kg,18.46mg/kg,125.3mg/kg,pH8.5,1.2(),,(0.5/g),(0.5/g),3,12,24,:(1)(:JBF);(2)(:NBF);(3)(:OF);(4)(CK)JBFNBFOF,8.5kg/,2009321,,,1.32009615,,3(),,105#15min,80#,NPK,PODCAT,ADCLci(Pn)(Tr)(Gs)CO2(Ci)3,CO21.3~1.4m,10:00-11:00NPKH2SO4-H2O2,,,2236:[5];,;;(POD)[6];(CAT)(MDA)[7]2009926,,PODCAT,2009109,6,100g,C2,6[7]WAY-2SNPKpHNaHCO3NH4OAc[5]2结果与分析2.1CO21,CO26154926,JBF3,13.49%,11.46%14.67%,NBFOFCK,,NBF,JBF1CO2/(mol∃m-2∃s-1)6.159.26/(mmol∃m-2∃s-1)6.159.26/(mmol∃m-2∃s-1)6.159.26CO2/(mol∃mol-1)6.159.26JBF8.65a11.02a3.14a4.09a0.21a0.29a223.54a254.67aNBF8.19a9.71b3.14a3.34b0.21a0.18b228.54a245.46aOF8.13a9.89b3.19a3.21b0.21a0.19b216.37a257.67aCK8.22a9.61b2.99a2.96c0.19a0.15c211.69a226.67b:LSD,=0.052.2NPK[8]2,615926,4P,JBFN,615,JBFN3,CK16.68%16.85%,NBF16.88%16.2%9264N,NCK19.09%,NBF8.76%,926N615,,JBFN,NBF,JBFNK,N,P,2NPKN/(g∃kg-1)6.159.266.159.26P/(g∃kg-1)6.159.266.159.26K/(g∃kg-1)6.159.266.159.26JBF27.91a21.11a12.48a13.04a3.81a4.54a1.71a1.66a10.89a12.05a6.65a6.68aNBF23.88b20.84a10.74b11.99b3.94a4.41a1.69a1.66a9.62b10.71b5.85b4.58bOF24.34b21.52a10.54b10.83c3.99a4.23ab1.82a1.72a9.97b10.86b5.71b4.74bCK23.92b20.13a10.68b10.95c3.78a4.09b1.67a1.59a9.78b10.92b5.66b4.82b:LSD,=0.052.33,615926,4,JBF3,CK12.71%7.23%,NBF9.28%19.2%615,4,926JBFNBFOFCK18.12%,8.63%17.35%224243/(g∃h-1∃g-1)6.159.26/(mg∃g-1)6.159.26JBF143.7%12.1a126.5%10.5a0.479%0.076a0.541%0.047aNBF131.5%9.5b106.1%8.8bc0.466%0.061a0.458%0.039bOF124.1%10.8b112.9%8.4b0.464%0.081a0.498%0.046bCK127.5%10.7b101.4%10.1c0.442%0.068a0.461%0.041b:%;LSD,=0.05,JBF,,NBF2.4PODCAT,,[9]4,615,4PODCAT,926,JBF,NBF18%26.8%,JBF,4MDAPOD/(U∃mg-1FW∃min-1)6.159.26CAT/(U∃g-1FW∃min-1)6.159.26MDA/(mol∃g-1FW)6.159.26JBF384%44a596%51a10.9%1.8a14.2%1.12a7.62%1.14a10.8%1.15cNBF378%39a505%38b9.8%1.9a11.24%1.06b7.24%1.15a13.6%1.58bOF391%37a491%34bc10.5%2.1a11.9%1.64b6.88%1.33a15.1%1.99abCK382%38a448%35c9.4%1.5a12.2%1.31b7.54%1.49a15.9%1.47a:POD1minA2400.011(U),CAT1minA5800.11(U)MDA,,,,,MDA[10]4,615,4MDA,926,MDA615,JBFMDA3,20.6%,28.5%32.1%,JBFMDA2.5,33,JBFC,NBF15.47%,9.5%8.875%,,JBF/OF,NBFOFCK