病毒学对分子生物学发展的贡献3

()27420068JournalofCapitalNormalUniversity(NaturalScienceEdition)Vol.27,No.4Aug.2006333(,100037),:;;;,;,.:,,,,.:Q93914,Q783(KM200310028102)33:2005201224,:2006201210,,.:1935,Standley,[1].1952,HersheyChaseT2,DNA.1967SinheimerDNAX174,[2].1970,BaltimoreTemin,DNARNA,.1971SchneiderRNA,,[3].1977,SangerX174,DNA[4].,..1,.,.,,..,20,,,,4,,,.1952,A.D.HersheyM.Chase[2].E.coli32PO3-435SO2-4,32P2DNA()35S2().,:(32P2DNA)10,,,30%,70%,(1);(35S2),1,2.,,,DNA.:DNA,.132PE.coli[5]1956H.Fraenkel2ConratRNA.TMVRNA(holmesribgrassmosaic235SE.coli[2]virus,HRV),TMV,HRVTMV.,HRVRNATMV,(3).,RNA,RNA.,,,.3[2]25()20062,.,,.RNADNA,,[4].,DNARNA,RNADNA,.31970Temin.RNADNA,[6].,,,,;,,RNADNA,,RNADNA.RT2PCR,cDNA.RT2PCR,,.,AMV(),Mo2MLV()[7].4.Alper,DNARNA,.1982,Prusinet,,,;,.Prusiner(proteinaceousinfectiousparticle),PrP,[8]...1984PrusinerLeroyE.HoodPrP15,,PrP.PrP,PrPc.PrPscPrPc,,PrPc43%3%,PrPsc34%43%[9].?.Prusiner,PrPc.PrPscPrPmRNA.PrPscPrPscPrPc,PrPcPrPsc,PrPsc;2PrPsc2PrPc4PrPsc.,PrPsc.:PrPscPrPc,PrPcPrPc.,PrPscPrPcPrPsc.PrPsc..PrPsc[10].:.:RNADNA,,.,.,,..354:5,,.,,,,,.1).,,10kb,.15kb,,,20kbDNA[11].,:,20kb;[12];,DNA,,,.,[13];()100%,011%.M13.2DNADNA.(6kb),(3553kb)DNA.M13DNA,,DNARNADNA,.2).,(nuclearpolyhedrosisvirus,NPV).NPV,,[15].,:,,;,25%;,;,.,[16][17]e[18][4].3).,Ti.RNA,.DNA,DNA(Cauliflowermosaicvirus,CaMV)[19].,,,CaMV[20].35S,[21].CaMV,,.CaMV,,[11].,,(maizestreakvirus,MSV).MSVDNA,.(bromemosaicvirus,BMV).MSVBMVRNA[19].4)DNA.,,.SV40(40),,,.,.,,,45()2006..,.,,RNADNADNA,.,,[22]..;(IE24),T,T,[4].,,,,,,,.,:SARS.,.[1],,.[M].:,2001.1.[2].[M].:,1001.6573,9197,221223.[3],.[M].,,,2001.290291.[4],.[M].:,2002.17,329350.[5]GeorgeMMalacinski,DavidFreifelder.EssentialsofMolecularBiology[M]().:,2002.109129.[6],,..:,1990.239[7]J.,D.W.().()[M].:,2002,639.[8],,.[J].,2004(9):8384.[9],.[J].,2002(4):105106.[10],,.[J].,2000(3):1415.[11]BrownTA.DNA(4,)[M].:,2003.99104,120124,233.[12]PeterPaolella.IntroductiontoMolecularBiology[M].().:,2002.84.[13],.()[M].:,2002.175176.[14].,()[M].:,2001.280297.[15],,,.[M].:,1998,103.[16],,,.2Sf[J].,1994(1).[17],,.2[J].,1997(2):91.[18],,,.HBeAg[J].,1998,13(1):70.[19],.,.[M].:,2004.16.[20],.,.[M].:,2002.437440.[21],.[M].:,2001.9.[22].[M].:,2003.202204.554:ContributionMadebyVirologyTowardDevelopmentofMolecularBiologyZhangHailongZhangFeiyunDongZhi(CollegeofLifeScience,CapitalNormalUniversity,Beijing100037)AbstractThroughreviewingthemajoreventsinthevirologydevelopmenthistory,thisarticleattemptstostatethatthenewdiscoveriesofvirologyplayanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofmolecularbiology.Asfollows,Blenderexperiment,aswellastheplantvirusrecombinationexperiment,demonstratesthatthenucleicacidisthecarrierofgeneticinformation.Thediscoveryofretrovirusmakespeoplerealizethattheflowofhereditaryinformationisnotone2way.Reversedtranscriptasehasbeenwidelyusedingenecloning.Priongivespeopleasurprisebecauseitcanreproducewithoutnucleicacid.Itislikelythatproteincanalsoactasthecarrierofhereditaryinformation.Viralvectorwhichisamodificationformofwide2typevirushasprovedtobeakindofeffectivegenecarrieringeneticengineering.Keywords:virology,retrovirus,centraldogmaprion,vector.(1981),,,.(50)AnalysisofVolatilesfromA.frgransChampbyGasChromatography2MassSpectrometryWangXinyueWangYingfengLiuBo(CenterofAnalysisandTest,CapitalNormalUniversity,Beijing100037)AbstractThechemicalconstituentsofthevolatilesdistilledbydifferentmethodsfromA.frgransChampwereidentifiedanddeterminedbymeansofgaschromatography2massspectrometry(GC2MS).Inthecomponentdistilledbyethylacetate24compoundswereidentified,andinthecomponentdistilledbypetroleumaether29compoundswereidentified.Keywords:A.frgransChamp,GC2MS,extraction,analysis.65()2006