松花江微型汽车变速器设计

I摘要汽车变速器是汽车总成部件中的重要组成部分，是主要的传动系统。变速器的结构对汽车的动力性、经济性、操纵的可靠性与轻便性、传动的平稳性与效率等都有直接影响。本次设计主要是依据哈飞HFJ6351B的有关参数，通过变速器各部分参数的选择和计算，设计出一种基本符合要求的手动变速器。研究的基本内容为：变速器传动机构布置方案，变速器各挡传动比的分配，变速器齿轮参数选择，变速器各挡齿轮齿数分配，变速器齿轮设计计算，变速器轴和轴承的设计计算，同步器和操纵机构及箱体的设计，利用AutoCAD软件绘制装配图和零件图等八项内容。在设计过程中主要需解决的问题有：变速器各参数的确定，变速器齿轮的设计、计算及校核，变速器轴的设计、计算及校核和轴承的校核计算，同步器和操纵机构及箱体的设计以及绘制装配图及零件图五大主要问题。关键词：变速器；传动比；参数；设计计算IIAbstractAutomotivetransmissionpartsintheautomobileassemblyofanimportantpartofthemaindrivesystem.Transmissionofthepowerstructureofthevehicle,economy,manipulationofthereliabilityandportability,thesmoothdriveandhaveadirectimpactonefficiency.ThedesignismainlybasedontherelevantparametersHafeiHFJ6351Bthroughthetransmissionparametersofthevariouspartsoftheselectionandtermsdesignedtomeettherequirementsofabasicmanualtransmission.Researchonthebasiccontentfor:transmissiontransmissionlayoutprogramblocktransmissionofthetransmissionratioofthedistribution,transmissiongearselectionparameters,transmissiongearunitoftheblockdistribution,designandcalculationoftransmissiongear,transmissionshaftandbearingdesign,thesynchronizationandmanipulationofbodyandtankdesign,theuseofAutoCADsoftwaredrawassemblydrawingsandpartsofeightelements,suchasFig.Duringthedesignprocess,themainissuestobeaddressedare:thedeterminationofparametersoftransmission,geartransmissiondesign,calculationandchecking,transmissionshaftofthedesign,calculationandcheckcalculationanddesignofbearings,synchronizationandmanipulationofbodiesandbodythedesignandassemblydrawingsandpartsmappingthetopfivemajorproblemsFig.Keywords:Transmission；TransmissionRatio；Parameters；DesignandCalculationIII目录摘要.........................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................II第1章绪论........................................................................................................11.1汽车变速器概述.....................................................................................11.2汽车变速器设计的目的和意义.............................................................21.3汽车变速器国内外现状和发展趋势.....................................................21.3.1变速器国内外的现状..................................................................21.3.2汽车变速器的发展趋势..............................................................31.4手动变速器的特点和设计要求及内容.................................................41.4.1手动变速器的特点......................................................................41.4.2手动变速器的设计要求..............................................................51.4.3设计的主要内容..........................................................................6第2章变速器传动机构布置方案确定............................................................72.1设计所依据的主要技术参数.................................................................72.2变速器传动机构的结构分析和形式选择.............................................72.2.1两轴式变速器的特点分析..........................................................82.2.2中间轴式变速器特点分析..........................................................92.2.3倒挡布置方案分析....................................................................102.2.4传动机构布置的其他问题........................................................112.3零部件结构方案分析...........................................................................122.3.1齿轮形式....................................................................................122.3.2换挡机构形式............................................................................122.3.3防止自动脱挡的结构................................................................132.3.4变速器轴承................................................................................142.4本设计所采用的传动机构布置方案...................................................142.5本章小结...............................................................................................16第3章变速器主要参数的选择和齿数分配..................................................173.1变速器各挡传动比的确定...................................................................17IV3.1.1变速器最低挡传动比的确定....................................................173.1.2变速器其他各挡传动比的确定................................................183.2中心距的确定.......................................................................................193.3变速器外形尺寸的初选.......................................................................193.4变速器齿轮参数的选择.......................................................................203.4.1模数............................................................................................203.4.2齿形、压力角及螺旋角............................................................203.4.3齿宽............................................................................................213.4.4齿顶高系数................................................................................223.5变速器各挡齿轮齿数的分配...............................................................223.5.1确定一挡齿轮的齿数................................................................223.5.2对中心距进行修正................................................