长江口渔场渔业生物群落结构的季节变化

1,1,2,3,1,3(11,,200090;21,200062;31,266003):20002002,,:,;,,,,(Trichiurusjaponicus)(Larimichthyspolyactis):;;;:S93111:A:1005-8737-(2004)05-0432-08:2003-10-10;:2004-03-291:(G19990437);1:(1976-),,,,.:1E-mail:[e-mail],,,,,,[1],,,,,20002002,1200020024()6()9()12(),14,1220.5kW,400cm1001h,1,1,,[2-7]Margalef(R)Shannon(H)Pielou(J)[8]:(1)Margalef:D=(S-1)/lnN(2)Shannon2Wiener:H=-PilnPi(3)Pielou:JSW=H/Hmax=H/lnSS,Pi=ni/Ni,N,niiBrayCurtis[9],(),:Bjm=Si=1|Xij-Xim|Si=1|Xij+Xim|;IS=1-Bjm;Bjm,IS,XijXimijm11520049JournalofFisherySciencesofChinaVol.11No.5September20041Fig.1SurveystationsbybottomtrawlinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuary22.13[10],3(1):3,,75.18%94.99%,,11.12%,0.92%,,23.90%,,0.45%1(3)Table1WeightpercentagecompositionofzoologyspeciesinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuary(averageofthreeyears)%SeasonFishesCrustaceansCephalopodsSpr.84.7411.124.14Sum.75.180.9223.90Aut.94.994.560.45Win.89.659.061.29(2),20002002,:,,,;,,,;(2),,,123,,2Fig.2SeasonalandannualvariationsoffisheriesresourceabundanceinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuary3345:2Table2SeasonalandannualvarietyofzoologyspeciesnumberinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuaryYearSeasonSpeciesFishesCrustaceansCephalopodsSpr.6338205Sum.54361172000Aut.6939237Win.7141228Average64.2538.51196.75Spr.5630188Sum.4228772001Aut.74432110Win.7440259Average61.535.2517.758.5Spr.5938138Sum.51311552002Aut.4529142Win.5727237Average5331.2516.255.5Averageinspring59.3335.33177Averageinsummer4931.67116.33Averageinautumn62.673719.336.33Averageinwinter67.333623.3382.220002002,[11],534511,5200160%,70%,200194.97%,(Trichiurusjaponicus)(Larimichthyspolyactis),,(Setipinnataty)(Erisphexpottii)(Harpadonnehereus)(Li2paristanakae)20004,36.18%28.22%,2001,2,,5,2002,2.3(4),20002001,2002,,;,2000,,;,2001,,;,;,,2002,,;,2000200295%3[11-12]2000,,69.60%,37%2001,,57.82%48.69%;,17.56%19.76%2002,43411,51.73%54.90%;,33.16%36.90%,:,,,2.4(5),:,;,;,5345:4Table4SeasonalandannualvarietyofdiversityindicesofthefisherybiologyinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuaryIndexofdiversity2000Spr.Sum.Aut.Win.MeanSD2001Spr.Sum.Aut.Win.MeanSDNo.ofspecies63546971647.63564274746215.52Richness(R)6.255.055.667.036.000.845.474.256.567.305.891.33Diversity(H)2.371.442.642.242.170.522.572.292.302.902.520.29Evenness(J)0.570.360.620.530.520.110.640.610.530.670.610.06Indexofdiversity2002Spr.Sum.Aut.Win.MeanSDMeanSpr.Sum.Aut.Win.SDNo.ofspecies59514557536.32595058656.16Richness(R)6.285.924.225.285.430.916.075.295.166.220.54Diversity(H)2.492.062.162.242.240.182.481.962.322.410.23Evenness(J)0.610.520.570.550.560.040.610.510.570.580.04(45):,;,312,,2002,,20002001,3Fig.3K2dominanceoffisherybiologybyweightinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuary634115Table5SimilarityindexoffisherybiologyspeciescompositionbetweenseasonsinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuaryYearSeason2000Spr.Sum.Aut.Win.2001Spr.Sum.Aut.Win.2002Spr.Sum.Aut.Win.2000Spr.0.240.160.360.390.290.130.300.480.240.350.41Sum.0.200.210.350.180.280.230.230.140.190.410.26Aut.0.140.200.150.090.110.450.150.070.050.330.30Win.0.380.230.120.370.430.130.540.270.170.260.532001Spr.0.380.160.060.430.190.060.440.500.110.100.28Sum.0.060.420.330.110.060.170.330.260.210.360.30Aut.0.160.390.530.120.080.570.160.050.100.490.15Win.0.330.110.060.590.560.070.090.330.190.240.502002Spr.0.410.110.050.370.550.070.060.490.190.160.19Sum.0.360.300.060.220.260.080.120.220.220.190.11Aut.0.230.350.540.130.080.560.760.090.080.110.30Win.0.420.170.180.650.300.110.110.470.300.150.19:,.Note:Thedataabovethediagnalareonnumberbasis,andbelowthediagnalareonweightbasis.4:42,201-04-.Fig.4Correlationofbiomasscompositionbetweensea2sonsinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuaryNote:Inthefiguresofabscissa,thefirsttwolettersmeantheyear,andthelasttwolettersfrom01to04meanspringtowinterrespectively.33.1,,,;,,,,;,,,:,,5:42,201-04-Fig.5Correlationofindividualcompositionbetweensea2sonsinfishinggroundofYangtzeestuaryNote:Inthefiguresofabscissa,thefirsttwolettersmeantheyear,andthelasttwolettersfrom01to04meanspringtowinterrespec2tively.7345:3.2,,,[13-14]4,,,,50%;,,,,,[15],,3.3,,:,,,;,,[16],,,[17],,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,:[1].[J]1,1992,1(1):24-301[2]WashingtonHG.Diversity,bioticandsimilarityindices:areviewwithspecialreviewwithspecialrelevancetoaquaticecosystems[J].WaterResearch,1984,18(6):653-694.[3]BarberWE,SmithRL,VallarinoM,etal.Demersalfishassem2blagesofthenortheasternChukchiSea,Alaska[J].FisheryBulletin,1997,95(2):195-209.[4]ColvocoressesJA,MusickJA.SpeciesassociationsandcommunitycompositionofmiddleAtlanticBightcontinentalshelfdemersalfishs[J].FisheryBulletin,1984,82(2):295-313.[5]EllisJR,RogersSI,FreemanSM.DemersalassemblagesintheIrishSea,StGeorgesChannelandBristolChannel[J].Estuarine,CoastalandShelfScience,2000,51:299-315.[6]JinX.SeasonalchangesofthedemersalfishcommunityoftheYellowSea[J].AsianFisheriesSciences,1995,8:177-190.[7]MahonR,SmithRW.DemersalfishassemblagesontheScotianShelf,NorthwestAtlantic:Spatialdistributionandpersistence[J].CanJFishAquatSci,1989,46(Suppl.1):134-152.[8]1[M].:,1994.[9]BrayTR,CurtisJT.AnordinationoftheuplandforestcommunitiesofsourthenWisconsin[J].EcologicalMonographs,1957,27:32