汽车专业英语 0 Introduction

汽车专业英语SpecialtyEnglishforAutomobile张志飞E-mail:[e-mail]:13527498383教材：《汽车工程专业英语》李俊玲罗永革机械工业出版社￥23.00当当￥21.30新华书店￥18.20辅助性的材料上课时间地点1、什么是专业外语专业英语==科技英语–EnglishforScienceandTechnology–把英语和具体专业知识结合起来，用英语来说明专业所涉及的事物或事实基础–英语–专业知识•汽车构造（含发动机）、内燃机原理、汽车理论2、科技英语的内容关注的焦点不同1.词汇：专业词汇的英文表达–特定词robot/engine/mechanics–外来词science/technology/acoustic–词缀Bio-sensor–合成informationhighway–简化CAD/CAE/FEA/CD/DVDFiniteelementanalysiscomputationalfluiddynamicsCompactdisk/digitalvideodisk2.翻译–英翻汉–汉翻英–科技文章中英文写作方式的差别•英文中大量使用被动语态、祈使句、修饰词很多•翻译时应该注意中文的流畅–翻译的标准•信：忠实传达原文的意思•达：通顺流畅•雅：译文有文采忠实原文，力求通顺翻译的过程–理解原文•语境：涉及的知识内容•语法•词汇意思•专业的角度–初步的汉语表达：逻辑性、规范性–订正：通顺、文采例子–tolookforwork找工作–toconvertheattowork将热能转换为功–Theclutchplateisround.（形容词）–Thewheelturnsroundtheaxle.（介词）–Toclosethethrottletheknobshouldbepushedallwayin。•为关闭油门，应将按钮推到底。–Afour-strokeenginecycleconsistsofintakestroke,compressionstroke,powerstrokeandexhauststroke.•四冲程发动机包含了进气、压缩、做功和排气等四个冲程。3、课程目标掌握汽车专业相关的词汇能阅读一般的汽车方面的英文文献具有一定的翻译能力具有一定的写作能力60801004汽车方面的一些词汇GB/T3730-2001汽车和挂车类型的术语和定义汽车：car/automobile/vehicles/motorcar/motorvehicle乘用车Passengercar–普通乘用车(轿车)•Saloon：英//Sedan：美–活顶乘用车：convertiblesaloon–高级乘用车：驾驶室和座椅可隔开•pullmansaloon卧铺车•//executivelimousine–小型乘用车：双门coupe–仓背乘用车（两厢）：hatchback–越野：off-roadTypeofsedan–Notchbacksedan•Anotchbacksedanisathree-boxsedan,wherethepassengervolumeisclearlydistinctfromthetrunkvolumeofthevehicle.Theroofisononeplane,generallyparalleltotheground,therearwindowatasharpangletotheroof,andthetrunklidisalsoparalleltotheground.Historically,thishasbeenapopularandarguablythemosttraditionalformofpassengervehicle.–Fastbacksedan斜背式•Afastbacksedanisatwo-boxsedan,withcontinuousslopefromtherooftothebaseofthedecklid,butexcludesthehatchbackfeature.–Hatchbacksedan舱盖式•Hatchback(a.k.a.liftback)sedanstypicallyhavethefastbackprofile,butinsteadofatrunklid,theentirebackofthevehicleliftsup(usingaliftgateorhatch).–Two-doorsedan(coupe)•BeetleChevroletMalibu1941PlymouthfastbacksedanCrosscountryvehicle越野车SUV＝SportsUtilityVehicle运动型多用途车MPV＝MultiPurposeVehicle多用途车RV＝RecreationVehicle休闲车Racingcar赛车皮卡：pick-uptruck轻型卡车–Stationwagon(旅行车):isapassengerautomobilewithabodystylesimilartoasedanbutwiththerooflinefollowingthefull,sometimesextendedrearcargoarea,anextrarowofsometimesrear-facingseats,endingwithamoreverticaldoorthanonahatchback.1940Pontiacwoodie2005Chrysler300CTouring(European)1926Fordstationwagon商用车Commercialcar–客车bus–Singer-deckers//double-deckers–Articulatedbuses–Low-floorbuses–小型客车minibus•8and30seatsToyataCoasterFordTransit–城市客车city-bus/transitbus/commuterbus/publicbus:usedforshort-distancepublictransportpurposes–Coach:usedtorefertoalargemotorvehicleforconveyingpassengers.Todifferentiatefromothertypesofbus,acoachhasaluggageholdseparatefromthepassengercabin•长途客车interurbancoach•旅游客车touringcoach–货车goodsvehicletruck//lorryusedforcarryinggoodsandmaterials.牵引车//挂车towingtractor/tractor//trailer–Trailer:anunpoweredvehiclepulledbyapoweredvehicle–Semi-trailer:atrailerwithoutafrontaxle.AlargeproportionofitsweightissupportedeitherbyaroadtractorPassengercar–Sedan•Notchback/fastback/hatchback–Coupe//off-road–StationwagonCommercialcar–Bus//city-bus–Coach–Goodsvehicle/truck/lorry–Trailer//tractor•acarwithabackthatextendsapproximatelyhorizontallyfromthebottomoftherearwindowsoastomakeadistinctanglewithit.•acarwitharearthatslopescontinuouslydowntothebumper•acarwithadooracrossthefullwidthatthebackendthatopensupwardstoprovideeasyaccessforloading乘用车–轿车凹背式/斜背式/仓背式三厢两厢box–小型车//越野–旅行车商用车–客车//公共汽车–长途客车–货车/卡车–挂车/牵引车•acarwithalongerbodythanusual,incorporatingalargecarryingareabehindtheseatsandhavinganextradoorattherearforeasy