汽车噪声标准与测试探讨

:2009-11-16;:2009-12-03:(1964-),,,,Emai:[e-mail]:10061355(2010)04011005杨安杰(河南工程学院机械工程系,郑州451191):,,,,,,,,:;;;;:TK417+.125;U467:ADOI:10.3969/.jissn.1006-1355.2010.04.029ResearchonNoiseStandardsandMeasurementforMotorVehiclesYANGAnjie(MechanicalEngineeringDep,tHenanInstituteofEngineering,Zhengzhou451191,China)Abstract:ThedevelopmentandcurrentstatusofChinas'automobilenoisestandardsareintroducedandcomparedwithforeignregulations.Theproblemsinaccelerationnoisetestingoutsidevehiclesareanalyzed.Thedifferenceofnoisestandardlevelsforthemediumandheavytrucksandlargebusesbetweenthedevelopedcountriesandourcountryispointedou.tItisalsoindicatedthatChinahasnotyetworkedoutthestandardforinteriornoiseanduniformspeednoiselimitsformotorvehicles.Althoughtherearestationarynoiselimitsandcorrespondingmeasurementmethodsinourcountry,theyarerarelyexecutedinactualannualinspection.Finally,inorderthatChinabecomesapowerfulcountryforautomobilemanufactureandexpor,ttheworkweneedtodointheaspectofnoisecontrolissuggested.Keywords:acoustics;motorvehicle;noisestandard;regulation;measurement20086400,,,,()20,75%,[1],,,,,,206070,40,,,,,,,,,,,,,11.1,4201081111979GB1495-1979[2]GB1496-1979[3],,,,1993,,,GB/T14365-1993[4],,ISO5130-1982[5]1996,,GB16170-1996[6],,(,)GB1495-19791,GB16170-199621GB1495-79dB(A)Tab.1ThepermittedlimitsfornoiseemitedbyacceleratingmotorvehiclesinGB1495-79dB(A)851185118t!15t92893.5t!8t90863.5t898489844t11t8986!4t888384829084(60)91862GB16170-1996dB(A)Tab.2limitsofnoiseemitedbystationaryroadvehiclesinGB16170-1996dB(A)19981119981187859088nr!4300r/min9492nr4300r/min9795100989795103101N!147kW10199N147kW1051032002,,GB1495-2002[7]GB1495-2002ECEReg.No.51[8]ISO362[9]GB1495-79,GB1496-79,2002101,313,(M1GB/T15089-94[10],8)19851184dB(A),198511200293082dB(A),20021012004123077dB(A),20051174dB(A),10dB(N3,P∀150kW)19851192dB(A),198511200293089dB(A),20021012004123088dB(A),20051184dB(A),8dB,,,,,,,45-55%,,3dB(A)Tab.3ComparativetableofthelimitsfornoiseemitedbyacceleratingmotorvehiclesdB(A)GB1495-2002R51/01R51/022002.10.1-2004.12.302005.1.11988-10-011995-10-011M1777477742M2(GVM!3.5t),N1(GVM!3.5t):GVM!2t2tGVM!3.5t78797677787976773M2(3.5tGVM!5t),M3(GVM5t):P150kWP∀150kW82858083808378804N2(3.5tGVM!12t),N3(GVM12t):P75kW75kW!P150kWP∀150kW838688818384818384777880:a)M1,M2(GVM!3.5t)N1,1dB(A)b),GVM2t:P150kW,1dB(A);P∀150kW,2dB(A)c)M1,,P140kW,P/GVM75kW/t,61km/h,1dB(A)1.22030,,1937,2060,,,(ECE)(EEC,EU),,ECEECER9,196931[11]2070,70/157/EEC#,ECEReg.No.51(4),3,92/97/EEC(ECEReg.No.51/02)[12]R51/01R51/0231.3ECEECEReg.No.51,3R51/01R51/02,M1M2(GVM!3.5t),N1(GVM!3.5t),10M2(3.5tGVM!5t),M3(GVM5t),N2N3(),2-5dB2,,1,GB1495-2002,GB1495-20024201081131Fig.1Theclassificationofmotorvehiclenoisemeasurementworkingconditiones2.1(1):,,0.5dB∃A%∃%,(2):,,&2%GPSGPS,,&1%[13](3):&l∋&1.0m/s2.2,5m/s,,1.2m,,,GB/T21404-2008[14],()90-110kPa,10-35∋2.3,,,,,,,50m,,,,GB1495-2002:,,(A)10dB,,()60dB,,,10&0.05m,7.5m&0.05m,1.2&0.02m2.4:,,∃43,442%;∃%,M1N1,∃,;,%∃%,∃D%():,∃50km/h,50km/h%,,M1225kW,,M1225kW,∃50km/h1/2%2.5:,1dB(A)2dB(A),,,,M1N1,22.6,,.,,2.7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3,,,2-5dB(A),,,(1),(2),,#,,,(3),,,,(4),:[1].[M].:,2005:208-209.[2]GB1495-79,[S].[3]GB1496-79,[S].[4]GB/T14365-93,[S].[5]ISO5130-1982,##[S].[6]GB16170-199,[S].[7]GB1495-2002,[S].[8]ECEReg.No.51,Uniformprovisionsconcerningtheapprovalofmotorvehicleshavingatleastfourwheelswithregardtotheirnoiseemission1995[S].[9]ISO362-1998Acousticsmeasurementtonoiseemittedbyacceleratingroadvehiclesengineeringmethod[S].[10]GB/T15089-94,[S].[11].[J].,2000(3):154-158.[12],,.[J].,2007(4),22-26.[13],,,.[J].,2005(4):22-25.[14]GB/T21404-2008,[S].420108