2012高考复习资料之英语难点讲解大全难点25依赖语境的词义猜测题

taoti.tl100.com你的首选资源互助社区难点25依赖语境的词义猜测题猜测词义题要求学生根据以往所学知识，对上下文的理解及自身的生活经验等猜测生词意义或仅从字面无法确认其意义的短语的准确含义，是阅读理解题中的难点。●难点磁场1.(★★★★)MentalhealthcareinChinahasdramaticallyimprovedoverthelast10years,accordingtoexperts.IncreasingnumbersofurbanChinesearetodayseekingcounsellingonawiderangeofissuesrelatedtomentalhealth.“Wereceivemorethan120visitorsadayrightnow—20percentupoverthatof1998,”saidZhangHaiyin,chiefdoctorwiththeShanghaiMentalHealthCentre.Tenyearsago,thecentrereceived70to80visitorsaweek.Toaccommodatethegrowingnumberofpatients,theclinichashadtoextenditsservicefromfivedaystosevendaysaweek.Mostofthecounsellingfocusesonproblemstodowitheducation,employment,familylife,relationshipsaswellasmentaldistress,troubleandinsomnia.White-collarworkersarethemajorrecipientsofcounselling,accountingfor30percentoftotalpatients,saidZhang.“ThegrowingvisitsindicateChinesepeoplepaymoreattentiontotheirqualityoflife.Theyhaveabetterunderstandingthatmentalhealthisasimprotantasphysicalwell-being.”ChenZhigang,anemployeeofaforeign-fundedconsultingfirminBeijing,feltdepressedandwasencouragedbyfriendstoseekmentalhealthcounselling.Thedoctorfoundhewassufferingasaresultofworkplacepressureandcompetition.Afterseveralmonthsoftreatment,hewasbacktofullhealth.“Mentalhealthcounsellinghelpedreducemypressure,”saidChen.Butmanypeoplearestillreluctanttousecounsellingservices.ZhuChengyi,arailwayworkerfromShanghai,isunwillingtoseekhelp.“Iwillnotgoforit.Itistooembarrassingforme,”saidZhu.“HowcanItellmycolleaguesandfamilythatIamseekingmentalhealthcounselling?TheywouldthinkIwascrazy.”ZhangsaidalackofinformationaboutmentalhealthcarepreventedthegrownofservicesinChina.Hesaidastandardizedtrainingsystemwasrequiredtomakesureallmentalhealthdoctorswereproperlytrained.“InWesterncountries,mentalhealthcounsellinghasawiderangeofmethodsforconsultationandtreatment.Weneedtoimproveourtrainingtoupgradeourservices.”Question:1.Theunderlinedword“extend”inParagraph4means________.A.payattentiontoB.feellikedoingC.enlargeandlengthenD.reduce2.(★★★★★)ProfessorReasonrecentlypersuaded35peopletokeepadiaryofalltheirabsent-mindedactionsfortwoweeks.Whenhecametoanalysetheirembarrassingerrors,hewassurprisedtofindthatnearlyallofthemfellintoafewgroups.Oneofthewomen,forinstance,onleavingherhouseforworkonemorningthrewherpetdogcerear-ringsandtriedtofixadogbiscuitonhercar.“Theexplanationforthisisthatthebrainislikeacomputer,”explainstheprofessor.“Peopleprogrammethemselvestodocertainactivitiesregularly.Itwasthewoman’scustomeverymorningtothrowherdogtwobiscuitsandthenputonherear-rings.Butsomehowtheactiongotreversed(颠倒)intheprogramme.”Aboutoneintwentyoftheincidentsthevolunteersreportedwerethese“Programmeassemblyfailure.”Twentypercentofallerrorswere“testfailures”—primarilyduetonotverifyingtheprogressofwhatabodytaoti.tl100.com你的首选资源互助社区wasdoing.Amanabouttogethiscaroutofthegaragepassedthroughthebackyardwherehisgardenjacketandbootswerekept,putthemon—muchtohissurprise.Awomanvictimreported:“Igotintothebathwithmysockson.”Thecommonestproblemwasinformation“storagefailures”.Peopleforgotthenamesofpeoplewhosefacestheyknew,wentintoaroomandforgotwhytheywerethere,mislaidsomething,orsmokedacigarettewithoutrealizingit.Theresearchsofarsuggeststhatwhilethe“centralprocessor”ofthebrainisliberatedfromsecond-to-secondcontrolofawell-practisedroutine,itmustrepeatedlyswitchbackitsattentionatimportantdecisionpointstocheckthattheactiongoesonasintended.Otherwisetheactivitymaybe“captured”byanotherfrequentlyandrecentlyusedprogramme,resultinginembarrassingerrors.Questions:2.Theword“verifying”inParagraph3canbereplacedby________.A.improvingB.changingC.checkingD.stopping3.Accordingtothepassage,theinformation“storagefailures”referto________.A.thedestructionofinformationcollectingsystemB.theeliminationofone’stotalmemoryC.thetemporarylossofpartofone’smemoryD.theseparationofone’sactionfromconsciousness3.(★★★★)OneofthegreatestkillersintheWesternworldisheartdisease.Thedeathrate(率)fromthediseasehasbeenincreasingatanalarmingspeedforthepastthirtyyears.TodayinBritain,forexample,aboutfourhundredpeopleadaydieofheartdisease.Medicalexpertsknowthatpeoplecanreducetheirchancesofgettingheartdiseasebyexercisingregularly,bynotsmoking,bychangingtheirdiets,andbypayingmoreattentiontoreducingstress(压力)intheirwork.However,Westernhealth-caresystemsarestillnotpayingenoughattentiontothepreventionofthedisease.Thereisaneedformoreprogramstoeducatethepublicaboutthecausesandpreventionofheartdisease.Insteadofsupportingsuchprograms,however,theU.S.health-caresystemisspendinglargesumsofmoneyonthesurgical(外科的)treatmentofthediseaseafteritdevelops.Thisemphasis(强调)ontreatmentclearlyhassomethingtodowiththetechnologicaladvancesthathavetakenplaceinthepasttentofifteenyears.Inthistime,moderntechnologyhasenableddoctorstodevelopnewsurgicaltechniques.Manyoperationsthatwereconsideredimpossibleortoorisky(有风险的)afewyearsagoarenowperformedeverydayinU.S.hospitals.Theresulthasbeenahugeincreaseinheartsurgery.Althoughthereisnodoubtthatheartsurgerycanhelpalargenumberofpeople,somepeoplepointoutthattheemph