2014年长安大学大地测量与测量学工程复试

2014年长安大学大地测量与测量学工程复试（笔试题目）一、专业术语释义（每小题3分，共10题）1、天经2、地纬3、平面子午线收敛角4、大地水准面差距5、弧度测量6高程基准面7重力位函数8、球面角超9、卯酉圈10、岁差二、简答题（每小题7分，共8题）1、水准面为何不平行？2、何为大地线？大地线有什么性质？地球椭球面上的两点间的大地线与相应的法截弧有何关系？3、正高、正常高、力高有何不同？4、如何进行椭球定位定向？5、确定地球形状的方法？6、如何选择工程测量的投影面和投影带？7、何为勒让德定理？8、如何进行高斯平面坐标系的换带计算？三、推证题（每小题15分，共2题）1、绘图并推导（x、y、z）到（L,B,H）的转换关系2、白塞尔基本思想和计算步骤四、论述题（每小题17分，共2题）1、如何将地面控制网的元素（天文经度、天文纬度、天文方位角、斜距、水平方向值）归算为高斯平面上平面控制网的元素？2、测量工作工作者在新世纪面临的机遇和挑战是什么？自我介绍(一)Goodmorning,mydearteachers,mydearprofessors.Iamverygladtobehereforyourinterview.mynameisSongYonghao,Iam22yearsold.IcomefromLuoyang,averybeautifulaicentcity.myundergratuadeperiodwillbeaccomplishedinChang’anUniversityinJuly,2004.Andnow,IamtryingmybestforobtainingakeytoTongjiUniversity.Generallyspeaking,IamahardworkingstudentespeciallydothethingIaminterestedin.Iwilltrymybesttofinishitnomatterhowdifficultitis.Wheniwassophomore,Ifoundwebdesignveryinteresting,soIlearneditveryhard.Toweaverahomepageformyself,Istayedwithmypesonelcomputerforhalfamonth,andIamthefirstoneinmyclasswhoownshishomepage.Furthermore,Iamapersonwithgreatperserverence.Duringthedayspreparingforthefirstexamination,Iinsistonrunningeveryday,nomatterwhattheweatherwaslike.Andjustowningtothis,Icouldconcentrateonmystudyandsucceededintheend.Well,inmysparetime,Ilikebasketball,tennisandchinesechess.Alsoenglishismyfavorate.Ioftengotoenglishcornertopractisemyoralenglishoneverythursday,andwritecompositionstoimprovemywittenability.ButIknowmyenglishisnotgoodenough,Iwillcontinuestudying.Ok,thatisall,thankyouforyourattention.(二)Goodmorning,everyone!Iamgladtobehereforthisinterview.First,letmeintroducemyselftoyou.MynameisQinJiayin.IwasbornonApril23,1981.Iamalocalperson.Iamgraduatingfrom××UniversitythisJune.ImajorinChineseliterature.IhopeIcouldgettheopportunitytofinishmypostgraduatecoursesinJilinUniversitywhichIhavedesiredforalongtime.IhavetheconfidencebecauseIhavesuchability!Iamagirlwhoisfervent,outgoingandcreative.Atthesametime,IthinkIamquickinmindandcarefulineverything.Iamlookingforwardtomypostgraduatestudiesandlife.Iwillsoonprovethatyourdecisionofchoosingmeisthewisest.Thankyouforgivingmesuchavaluableopportunity!(三)Goodmorning.Iamgladtobehereforthisinterview.Firstletmeintroducemyself.Mynameis××,24.Icomefrom××,thecapitalof××Province.Igraduatedfromthe×××departmentof××UniversityinJuly,2001.InthepasttwoyearsIhavebeenprepareingforthepostgraduateexaminationwhileIhavebeenteaching××inNO.1middleSchoolandIwasahead-teacherofaclassinjuniorgradetwo.NowallmyhardworkhasgotaresultsinceIhaveachancetobeinterviewbyyou.Iamopen-minded,quickinthoughtandveryfondofhistory.Inmysparetime,Ihavebroadinterestslikemanyotheryoungers.Ilikereadingbooks,especiallythoseabout×××.FrequentlyIexchangewithotherpeoplebymakingcommentsintheforumonline.Inaddition,duringmycollegeyears,IwasonceaNet-bartechnician.So,Ihaveacomparativegoodcommandofnetworkapplication.Iamabletooperatethecomputerwell.IamskillfulinsearchingforinformationinInternet.Iamafootballfanforyears.Italianteamismyfavorite.Anyway,Ifeelgreatpityforourcountry’steam.Ialwaysbelievethatonewilleasilylagbehindunlesshekeepsonlearning.Ofcourse,ifIamgivenachancetostudy×××inthisfamousUniversity,Iwillstarenoefforttomasteragoodcommandofadvance×××四、Goodmorning/afternoon，mydearteachers(mydearprofessors)。Iamverygladtobehereforyourinterview.Mynameis___.Iam___yearsold.Icomefrom_______，averybeautifulcity.Myundergraduateperiodwillbeaccomplishedin_______universityinJuly，2009.Andnow，Iamtryingmybestforobtainingakeyto________University.Generallyspeaking，Iamahard-workingstudent.Iwilltrymybesttofinishitnomatterhowdifficultitis.WhenIwassophomore，Ifoundwebdesignveryinteresting，soIlearneditveryhard.Toweaveahomepageformyself，Istayedwithmypersonalcomputerforhalfamonth，andIamthefirstoneinmyclasswhoownhishomepage.Furthermore，Iamapersonwithgreatperseverance.Duringthedayspreparingforthefirstexamination，Iinsistonrunningeveryday，nomatterwhattheweatherwaslike.Andjustowningtothis，Icouldconcentrateonmystudyandsucceededintheend.Well，inmysparetime，Ilikebasketball，tennisandChinesechess.Also，Englishismyfavorite.IoftengotoEnglishcornertopracticemyoralEnglishoneveryThursday，andwritecompositionstoimprovemywrittenability.ButIknowmyEnglishisnotgoodenough，Iwillcontinuestudying.Ok，that‘sall，thankyouforyourattention.