代词that、it、one用法讲解-练习题

代词that、it、one用法讲解与练习题1.(典型例题)I’mmovingtothecountrybecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan__inthecity.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those[考场错解]B[专家把脉]在比较状语从句中，指代前文的可数名词单数形式用that或theone，复数形式用those,而不可数名词则用that.这里比较的是air，所以用that.2.(典型例题)Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,IwillalwaystreasureA.thatB.oneC.itD.what[考场错解]D或A[专家把脉]误选D的原因是学生容易把what当作定语从句的引导词。而出at不能引导非限制性定语从句；it在句法上讲不通，因此，可以看出one指代anunforgenablemoment，同时其后的关系代词出at省略了。[对症下药]B3.(典型例题国)Ilikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one[考场错解]B或D[专家把脉]本题中like是及物动词，需要宾语。此处it指模糊的情形或环境，没有具体的指代，是虚词。其余的选项都是错误的。再如典型例题套中的一题:—Ilike__here?—Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice!A.thisB.theseC.itD.that[对症下药]C4.(经典题)Fewpleasurescanequalofacooldrinkonahotday.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those[考场错解]D[专家把脉]如果把它动作是fewPleasures，就会误选D项了。根据句意“很少有在热天喝杯冷饮那种快乐”，很明显，这是替代特定的被限定的事物，即:thepleasureofacooldrink，只有that才能表达特定意义。[对症下药]C5.(典型例题西)Carsdocauseassomehealthproblems__infactformoreseriousthanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.those[考场错解]D[专家把脉]这里ones用来替代前文的problems，由于有修饰语serious，故不能和those.[对症下药]B专家会诊1.代词it,they与替代词one,ones,theone,theones,that,those的用法区别:(1)it指代前面提到过的事物，they是它的复数形式。(2)one替代单数名词，表示不特定的名词，也就是指泛指，ones是它的复数形式。(3)theone替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，往往其后带动定语，theones是它的复数形式。(4)that既可替代单数可数名词,也可以替代不可数名词,若替代单数名词时,相当于theone.(5)those替代复数名词,相当于theones.例如:Yourstoryisinteresting,butIdon’tIikeit.(句1)Thisstoryisaninterestingone.(句2)Ihaven’tacomputer.Iwanttobuyonenextyear.(句2)Thedictionaryonthedeskismuchbetterthanthat(theone)ontheshelf.(句3)ThepopulationinChinaismuchlargerthanthatinAmerica.(句4)Theconditionsarelikethoseintherealspaceship.(句5)TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinHuangganginwinter.(句4)Studentsinourclassaremorehard–workingthanthoseinMr.smith’sclass.(句5)Thereisonlyonecomputerofthetypeintheshop,soIwanttobuyitformydaughter.(句1)2.代词it的主要用法(1)用作人称代词，指代前文提到过的事物。例如:Thisisnotmybook.ItisMary’s.(2)用来代替指示代词出，this或that。例如:—What’sthis?—It’sadictionary.—Whosejacketisthat?—Itishers.(3)在性别不清楚时用来指人。例如:—Who’sknockingatthedoor?—It’sme.(4):指时间；距离、天气、环境等。例如:—What’sthetimenow?—It’stenpasttwenty.It’sgettingwarmerandwanner.It’sabouttenmiles’ridefrommyhometothetown.(5)指代整个句子的内容；例如:Ourteamwonthefootballmatch.Haveyouheardaboutit?(6)用于某些习惯用语中作宾语，对这些习惯用语只能从整体上来理解；例如:Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthsfull.We’llfootit.Asitis,wecanhardlygettothestationby7o’clock.考场思维训练1oungpeoplemaygrowquicklyinsomewaysandmoreslowlyin.A.theotherB.someotherC.othersD.thoseothers答案:C解析:在其他方面。2Iintendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunately_couldn’tsparemeevenoneminute.A.theyB.oneC.whoD.it答案:A解析:泛指所有的朋友(都抽不出时间)。3—Whenshallwemeetagain?—Makeit__dayyoulike.It’sallthesametome.A.oneB.anyC.anotherD.some答案:B解析:从It’sallthesametome.看出，随便哪天都可以。4—Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?—Didn’twejusthave?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this答案:C解析:替代“休息一次”，是泛指。