2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-代词和数词[教师版]

第1页共18页新课标高三专题讲解①Ourneighborsgave___ababybirdyesterdaythathurt___whenitfellfromitsnest.A.us,itB.us,itselfC.ourselves,itselfD.ourselves,it②Tosaveclasstime,ourteacherhas________studentsdohalfoftheexerciseinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforhomework.A.usB.weC.ourD.ours【解析】答案为A。usstudents是同位结构。us是宾语，students为us的同谓语，又如：tellusall。Someofthestampsbelongtome,whiletherestare_____.A.himandherB.hisandhersC.hisandherD.himandhers【解析】答案为B。在句中作表语，指“他的邮票和她的邮票”用hisandher(=hisstampsandherstamps)。①—WhocalledmethismorningwhenIwasout?—Amancalling______Robert.A.himB.himselfC.hisD.不填【解析】答案为B。因为“callsb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”；句意是“一个自称罗伯特的人”，用himself。②Isn’titamazinghowthehumanbodyheals____afteraninjury?A.himselfB.himC.itselfD.it【解析】答案为C。itself指代前面的thehumanbody。第2页共18页①—Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.—Whenwas_____?—_____wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.A.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It【解析】答案为D。that可以指代过去的情况,下句是强调句型的省略形式=itwasin2000whenhewasstillincollegehegothisfirstbookpublished.②—CouldyoutellmehowtogettoVictoriaStreet?—VictoriaStreet?______iswheretheGrandTheatreis.A.SuchB.ThereC.ThatD.This【解析】答案为C。that代替上下文提到的地方。③TheEnglishspokenintheUnitedStatesisonlyslightlydifferentfrom____spokeninEngland.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.theone【解析】答案为C。that用来指代前面的名词TheEnglish,以避免重复。题意是“美国英语现和英国英语只有很微小的差别了。”在英语中，that还常可以用来指代人口、天气、金钱等。如：Theweatherhereishotterthanthatinthenorthofthecountry.④Littlejoycanequal________ofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.A.thatB.thoseC.anyD.some【解析】答案为A。因为替代前面的不可数名词（little）joy，所以用that,而不是those。此外指示代词“this和that”还可以用作副词修饰形容词，相当于“so”。⑤Sometimesitwasabitboringtoworktherebecausetherewasn’talways______muchtodo.A.suchB.thatC.moreD.very【解析】答案为B。much前用so,不用such。口语中，常用that来代替so。①Ifyoucan’tdecidewhichofthetwobookstoborrow,whydon’tyoutake______?Iwon’treadthemthisweek.A.allB.anyC.eitherD.both【解析】答案为D。由前后语境来看，应是建议对方将两本书都拿去看。②Youmaydropinorjustgivemeacall.______willdo.A.EitherB.EachC.NeitherD.All【解析】答案为A。由前句可知是指两者中的“任何一个”，用either。③Ofallthebooksonthedesk,______isofanyuseforourstudy.A.nothingB.nooneC.neitherD.none④ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich____oftheparentsspokethelanguage.A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.each【解析】答案为B。neither表示“两者都不”，句意：在父母都不懂英语的家庭里学习英语，对于他第3页共18页来讲是很困难的。⑤Themayorhasofferedarewardof$5000to______whocancapturethetigeraliveordead.A.bothB.othersC.anyoneD.another【解析】答案为C。根据句意“谁能捕获那只老虎，无论死活，市长将给赏金5000美元”应选C项。其它三个选项均与题意不符。①There’s_____cookingoilleftinthehouse.Wouldyougotothecornerstoreandget_____?A.little;someB.little;anyC.alittle;someD.alittle;any【解析】答案为A。因为在Wouldyou…?等表示请求、劝请或建议之类的问句中，一般用some；又由后文“买些油”可知，家里“没有油”了，所以用little。句意：家里没有油了，请你到附近的店子里买些回来好吗？②―Wouldyoulike_____,sir?―No,thanks.Ihavehadmuch.A.somemoreorangesB.anymoreorangesC.somemoreorangeD.anymoreorange【解析】答案为A。由答语中的much可知，对话中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除选项A和B；在劝请的疑问名中用some不用any，排除选项D。①I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan_____inthecity.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those【解析】答案为C。选项中只有that能替代不可数名词theair。one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指。特指的theone相当于that；theone复数形式theones，在口语中也常用those代替；当后面有of短语时，一般用that或those，当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)，如theredone。one(s),theone(s),those,that都是替代“同类”事物，其中只有that可替代不可数名词。②We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound_____welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them【解析】答案为A。one=ahouse,指我们喜欢的那一类房子。③Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_____thanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.those【解析】答案为B。替代泛指的名词复数problems，用ones。those是替代特的“the+复数名词”的。④Mymostfamousrelativeofall,__________whoreallylefthismarkonAmerica,wasRobSussel,mygreat-grandfather.A.oneB.theoneC.heD.someone第4页共18页【解析】答案为B。由语境可判断是特指，且作Mymostfamousrelativeofall的同位语，用theone。⑤—Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow?—No,I’dratherbuyinthebookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it【解析】答案为A。it指代前面的acopyofthebook,后面的意思是：我要到书店去买一本（不是特指哪一本）。①Ithinkhe’sjustgoingtodealwiththisproblem______day.A.nextB.otherC.followingD.another【解析】答案为D。表示“改天”用anotherday。但表示相对于过去或将来某天来说的“第二天”时，用thenextday或thefollowingday都可以。②Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof_____.A.othersB.theotherC.eitherD.another【解析】答案为B。由neither可知，谈话双方都不同意对方的条件，这个“对方”是特指的另一方，所以用theother。③Themanagerbelievespriceswillnotrisebymorethan_____fourpercent.A.anyotherB.theotherC.anotherD.other【解析】答案为C。题干上的意思应该是“价格不会再增长超过4%”。anyother“其他另外的”。theother“两者中第二者”。another“另外，又”，放在数词前面。other表示“另外”，和more一样，要放在数字的后面。①—Oneweek’stimehasbeenwasted.—Ican’tbelievewedidallthatworkfor_____.A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anything【解析】答案为B。因为fornothing是习语，意为“徒劳、没有好结果”、“免费”，句意是：我简直不敢相信我们所做的一切都是徒劳的。②Shedoesn’tknowanyonehere.Shehasgot______totalkto.A.anyoneB.someoneC.everyoneD.noone【解析】答案为D。因为“在这里，她谁都不认识”，所以“她没有人可以交谈”。noone=nobody=not…anyone没有一个人。③ImadesomanychangesinmycompositionthatonlyIcouldreadit.To_____else,itwashardtomakeout.A.noneB.everyoneC.someoneD.anyone【解析】答案为D。意为除了我以外，“其他任何人(anyoneelse)”都很难懂。④—I’dlikesomemorecheese.—Sorry,there’s______left.A.someB.noneC.alittleD.few【解析】答案为B。none既可以修饰可数名词，表示“一个也不，一个也没有”；也可以修饰不可数名词，表示“一点也不，一点也没有”。在本题中指代不可数名词第5页共18页cheese。本题的意思是：—我想再来点奶酪。—抱歉，一点都没有了。A项some表示“一些”，C项a