名词性从句要点总结

名词性从句要点总结名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。（一）引导名词性从句的连接词连接代词what什么；…的事情；…的东西who/whom谁whose谁的which哪一个连接副词when什么（的）时候(时间状语）where哪里；…的地方(地点状语）why为什么（原因状语）how怎么样；如何（方式状语）从属连词whether是否if(不用于表从)是否that/asif(不用于宾从)好像名词性从句：陈述句语序.（二）主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.（三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.2、that引导表从不能省略（四）宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright.宾语从句的位置1.动宾结构：从句在动词后Aftersheheard_that_mostofthemembersvotedagainsther,shemanagedasmile.2.介宾结构：从句在介词后面IthinkHenrywillbehappywith_what_isinsidetheenvelope.(错误)ThisstoryisaboutthatNiuLangandZhiNvmeteachotherbyaccidentontheearthandfellinlove.注意：一般情况下，介词后面不接that从句；介词except,but,for,besides,in等除外3.接在某些形容词之后Theowneroftherestaurantwerefrightened/afraid(that)_Henrywouldnotcomebackagainand_thathewouldtellhisfriendsaboutthebadtreatmenthegotintherestaurant.4.it作形式宾语Ihearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.考点一：what/that的正确使用1.that不充当成分，只起引导作用。what充当从句的主语，宾语或表语，本身具有意义。2.that只有在紧跟动词之后时，才可省略。e.g.Shesaid,accordingtoherplan,thatwewouldreachHuilaiat9o’clock.3.连接两个或以上的宾从，只有第一个that可省略，第二个及以后的that不省略。e.g.Iforgot(that)Lisastudiedhardandthatshehadgoneabroad.练习1.Thefutureisn’t_______itusedtobe.2.Wealsorealize_____hikingcanbehardworkand_____hikersneedourhelp.3.Pleasepayattentionto_____theteachertoldyou.4.Thefactis______I’manexcellentstudent.考点二：whether/if的正确使用If不引导表语从句whether可接宾从和表从只用whether不用if的情况:1.引导表语从句2.介词后面只能用whether3.从句后有“ornot”或“todo”e.g.Idon’tcarewhetheryoulikethejobornot.Hedidn’tknowwhethertogoorstay.4.用if会引起误解，就要用whether。e.g.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）练习1.Iworriedabout_________Ihurthisfeeling.2.Italldependson________theywillcomebackornot.3.Thequestionis________theyhavesomuchmoney.4.Thequestionof_________theyaremaleorfemaleisnotimportant.5.Wedidn’tknow________shewasreadyornot.考点三：think,believe,suppose,consider,expect,等词后面接否定意义的宾语从句时，常把否定移到主句。e.g.Idon’tthinkyouareright.我想你是不对的。（五）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.