虚拟企业伙伴选择的信任场模型

HEBEIUNIVERSITY密级：分类号：学校代码：10075学号：20091309硕士学位论文虚拟企业伙伴选择的信任场模型学位申请人：王闫杰指导教师：田俊峰教授学位类别：工学硕士学科专业：计算机系统结构授予单位：河北大学答辩日期：二〇一二年六月ClassifiedIndex:CODE:10075U.D.C:NO:20091309ADissertationfortheDegreeofM.EngineeringTheTrustFieldModelofPartnerSelectioninVirtualEnterprisesCandidate:WangYanjieSupervisor:Prof.TianJunfengAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpecialty:ComputerSystemsOrganizationUniversity:HebeiUniversityDateofOralExamination:June,2012摘要I摘要随着计算机网络和相关技术的发展，网络化和全球化已成为了现代经济发展的主要特征。现代市场环境急剧变化、企业之间的竞争日趋激烈的背景下，企业管理者面临着困境，当出现市场机遇时，企业想要只凭自身的资源往往很难抓住稍纵即逝的市场机遇，虚拟企业也就应运而生。虚拟企业是应对市场竞争环境变化的一种柔性的能快速反应的网络化分布式动态组织。当市场出现新机遇时，具有不同资源与优势的企业，组成联合开发、互惠互利的企业联盟，共同开拓市场，共同对付其他的竞争者。参与合作并组成虚拟企业的这些企业，都是为了追求一种仅靠自身资源或能力而达不到的超常目标。合作是虚拟企业的灵魂，信任是合作的基础。在影响企业合作关系的诸多因素中，合作成员之间的相互信任起到了关键的作用，它既是合作关系发生的前提，又是合作成功的重要推动力。在整个虚拟企业的组建过程中，如何选择值得信任的合作伙伴是虚拟企业成败的关键。场理论有两个重要的观点：一是相互作用，一是相互作用的连续性。对虚拟企业的研究发现，场理论与虚拟企业存在着联系，本文尝试将场理论的观点引入到虚拟企业的研究中，针对虚拟企业的伙伴选择问题，本文结合场理论和基于信誉的信任机制，提出了信任场的概念，建立了信任场的理论模型，并讨论了基于信任场模型的虚拟企业伙伴选择方法。该方法的优点在于，充分考虑了盟主以及待选的伙伴实体的资源状况并且考虑了两者之间的资源互补性，将伙伴实体的信誉值也纳入到考察之中。在信任场模型中，伙伴实体的资源互补性越强，信誉值越高，就越能成为盟主的合作伙伴。基于信任场模型的伙伴选择过程分为：一是基于信任圈层的搜索，二是基于信任引力的搜索，三是基于信任场的内层推荐。最后，通过实例应用以及与其他文献方法的对比，说明了该方法的可用性和合理性。关键词信任场伙伴选择虚拟企业信誉信任半径AbstractIIAbstractWiththedevelopmentofcomputernetworksandrelatedtechnology,networkingandglobalizationhasbecomethemainfeaturesofmoderneconomic.Theenvironmentofmodernmarketisrapidlychangingandcompetitionamongtheenterprisesisincreasinglyfierce,manymanagersarefacingdifficultiespredicament.Whenmarketopportunitiesemerge,itisdifficultforenterprisestoseizethefleetingopportunityjustbytheirownresources.Thevirtualenterprisearisesasthetimesrequire.VirtualEnterpriseisadistributednetworkeddynamicorganizationwhichrespondstothechangingmarketplaceenvironmentinaflexibleandfastway.Differententerpriseswithdifferentresourcesandadvantagesconstituteanenterpriseallianceformutualbenefit,developnewmarketsandcopewithothercompetitorstogether.Theenterpriseswhichareinvolvedinthevirtualenterpriseaimatanextraordinarygoalwhichtheycannotachieveontheirownresources.Cooperationisthesoulofvirtualenterpriseandtrustisthebasisforcooperation.Amongthefactorsofaffectingthebusinesscooperation,mutualtrustplaysakeyrole,bothasaprerequisiteforcooperativerelations,butalsoanimportantdriverofsuccessfulcooperation.Intheformingprocessofthevirtualenterprises,howtochooseatrustworthypartneristhekeyprocedure.Therearetwoimportantpointinfieldtheory:oneistheinteraction,oneisthecontinuityoftheinteraction.Itcanbefoundthatthereareconnectionbetweenthefieldtheoryandthevirtualenterprisesfromthestudy.Thetwopointsoffieldtheoryareintroducedintotheresearchonvirtualenterprises.Aimattheproblemofpartnerselectioninvirtualenterprises,thispaperpresentsthetrustfieldconceptwiththecombinationoffieldtheoryandtrustmechanism,andestablishesatheoreticalmodelofthetrustfield.Thepaperelaboratesonthemethodwhichisbasedonthetrustfieldmodelofpartnerselectioninvirtualenterprises.Themethodinthispaperconsidersnotonlyboththeresourcestatusandtheresourcecomplementaritiesoftheleaderandthecandidatepartnerentity,butalsothereputationoftheentities.Inthetrustfieldmodel,thestrongertheresourcecomplementaritiesareandtheAbstractIIIhigherthereputationis,themoresuitabletheentityis.Partnerselectionprocessbasedontrustfieldmodelisdividedintothreeprocedures:thefirstisthesearchbasedontrustenvelops,thesecondisthesearchbasedontrustthegravity,andthelastisthesearchbasedonrecommended.Finallybothavailabilityandrationalityareillustratedbyapplyinganexample.KeywordsTrustfieldPartnerselectionVirtualenterpriseReputationTrustradius目录IV目录第1章引言····························································································································11.1研究背景及意义········································································································11.2国内外研究现状········································································································21.2.1国外研究现状··································································································21.2.2国内研究现状··································································································31.3研究目标····················································································································51.4本文组织结构············································································································5第2章相关理论知识············································································································72.1虚拟企业及虚拟企业的伙伴选择············································································72.1.1虚拟企业的概念及特点··················································································72.1.2虚拟企业的伙伴选择······················································································82.2场理论研究及场理论与虚拟企业的联系································································92.2.1场理论的研究及启示······················································································92.2.2场理论与虚拟企业的联系····