2011年职称英语等级考试卫生类B级真题阅读文章翻译_2015年职称英语真题备考

职称英语备考真题2011年职称英语等级考试真题（卫生类B级）2015年职称英语真题备考学派网职称英语团队原创0第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。RelievingthePain“Exercisemaybethebesttreatmentofchronicpain,”saydoctorsatanewclinicfordealingwithpain.“Peoplewithchronicpainneedtostoplyingaround,gooutmore,andstartexercising.”Theinstinctivereactiontoacutepainistostopmovingandtotrytoprotectthesourceofpain.Butitseemsthatthisisoftennotproductive,especiallyinthecaseofbackpain.Backpain,afterheadachesandtiredness,hasbecomethethirdmostcommonreasonforpeopletovisittheirdoctors.Painfulbacksnowaccountformillionsofdaysoffwork.Lumbar（腰部的）painsarepartlythepricehumanspayfortakingtheirforelimbsofftheground,buttheyaremadeworsebyasedentary（久坐不动的）lifestyle.Lackofexerciseslowlydecreasestheflexibilityandstrengthofmuscles,sothatitismoredifficulttotakepressureoffthesiteofpain.Exerciseisessential.Itreleasesendorphins（内啡肽）,thebody’s“feel-good”chemicals,whicharenaturalpainkillers.Infact,thesearesoimportantthatresearchersarenowlookingfordrugsthatcanmaintainacomfortablelevelofendorphinsinthebody.Mostpeoplewhogotoafamilydoctorcomplainingofpainareprescribedpain-killingdrugsratherthanexercise.Sincefindingthecauseofbackacheisnotsoeasy,doctorsfrequentlydonotknowtheprecisecauseofthediscomfort,andasthepaincontinues,sufferersenduptakingstrongerdosesoraseriesofdifferentdrugs.“It’scrazy,”saysDr.Brasseur,atherapistattheInternationalAssociationfortheStudyofPain.“Someofthemaretakingdifferentdrugsprescribedbydifferentdoctors.I’vejustseenapatientwhowastakingtwodrugswhichturnedouttobethesamethingunderdifferent-names.”Agenerationofnewpainclinicsnowoperatesonthebasisthatdrugsarebestavoided.Oncepatientshaveundergonetheinitialphysicalandpsychologicalcheckup,theirmedicationiscutdownasmuchaspossible.Takingpatientsoffdrugsalsopreparesthemforphysicalactivity.Insomepain-reliefclinics,patientsbeginthedaywithmusclecontractionandrelaxationexercises,followedbyanhouronexercisebikes.Laterintheday,theypracticetaichi（太极）,职称英语备考真题self-defense,anddeepthought.Thiscompareswithanaverageoftwo-and-a-halfhours’physiotherapy（理疗）aweekinatraditionalhospitalprogram.“Theideaistostrengthenandtoincreaselong-lastingenergy,flexibility,andconfidence,”explainsBillWiles,aconsultantpaindoctorinLiverpool.“Patientsundergoingthistherapygetbacktoworkandresumehealthyactivelifestylesmuchsoonerthanthosesubjectedtomoreconservativetreatment.”减轻痛苦“锻炼可能是治疗慢性疼痛最好的方法，”一家治疗疼痛的新诊所里面的医生说道。“有慢性疼痛的病人需要多出去走走，开始锻炼身体，不要总是躺着”。有剧烈疼痛的时候，人的本能是停止活动来保护疼痛的地方。但是不动似乎并不见效，尤其是背疼。背疼已经成为人们去看医生的第三大常见的原因，仅次于头疼和疲劳。背疼导致很多人休长假。腰疼部分原因是因为人们翘起前足，但因为久坐不动的生活方式而更糟糕。缺少锻炼慢慢会减少肌肉灵活性以及力量，因此解除疼痛处的压力会更困难。锻炼是最基本的。锻炼能排出内啡肽，内啡肽是体内一种“感觉良好”的化学成分，是一种天然止疼药。事实上，这些很重要，研究人员正在寻找能让体内的内啡肽保持在一个舒适水平的药物。家庭医生给大部分抱怨疼痛的人都开了止疼药，而不是要求锻炼。因为找到背部疼痛的原因并不那么容易，医生经常并不知道病人不舒服的确切原因，随着疼痛的继续，病人最后只得服用更强的甚至一系列不同的药。“这很疯狂”，Dr.Brasseur说道，他是国际疼痛研究协会的一名治疗专家。“他们有些人服用不同医生开出的不同药。我刚见一个病人，他服用两种药，结果这两种药是同样的东西，不同的名字。”新建立的疼痛诊所运营的基础是药物最好要避免。一旦患者已经经历了最初的身体以及心理检查，他们的药物要尽可能多的被减掉。让患者脱离药物也让他们做好了运动的准备。在有些疼痛治疗诊所，病人开始的时候做肌肉收缩，放松运动，接着一个小时是自行车锻炼。迟些时候，他们会打太极，正当自卫以及冥想。这和传统医院项目的为期一周每天平均两个半小时的理疗想成对照。“这个理念就是加强并且增加持久的精力，灵活性以及自信，”BillWiles解释道，他是利物浦一个疼痛咨询医生。“经历这种治疗的病人比那些接受保守治疗的病人更快的重返工作岗位以及重新开始健康的积极的生活方式。”16．Totreatpain,patientsshouldstopmovingaround.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned17．Headachesarepartlycausedbylackofexercise.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned18．Exercisehelpstotakethepressureoffthesiteofpain.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned19．Doctorsoftenusedrugssuchasendorphinstotreatpatients.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned20．Backachesufferersoftenenduptakingmorethanonedrugtokillpain.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned21．Exercisehelpspainsuffererstorecovermorequicklythantraditionaltreatment.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned职称英语备考真题22．Newpainclinicsaskpatientstogiveupdrugscompletely.A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned1第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。TheMeaningofDreams1Dreamsplayanimportantroleinourlives.Iftheycanbecorrectlyinterpreted,wecancometounderstandourselvesbetter.Here,welookatfourcommondreamsandwhattheypotentiallysymbolize.2Icanseetheirlaughingfaces...laughingatme.Buttheyaren’tassmart.Iftheywere,they’dbeuphereflyingwithme!Thisdreamhasbothpositiveandnegativeconnotations（涵义）.Onthepositiveside,thedreammayexpressastrongdesiretotravelandgetawayfromeverydayroutine.Itcanalsobeinterpretedasapowerfuldesiretoachieve.Ontheotherhand,thisdreamcanmeanthepersonhasaproblemorisafraidofsomethingandtheywishtoescape.Thedreamcouldrepresentaninferioritycomplex（自卑情结）,whichthedreamerattemptstoescapefrombyputtingthemselvesupaboveothers.3I’mmovingfastnow,butit’sstillbehindme.Doesn’tmatterhowfastIgo,Istillcan’tescape.Althoughthisisatraditionalsymbolofhealthandvitality（生命力）likethefirstone,itcanalsosuggestthedreameristryingtoescapefromdanger.Usually,fearisthedominantemotion.Byrunninghard,thedreamercanpossiblyescapethethreat.However,theycanalsostumble（蹒跚）orworsestillstopmovingaltogether.Thismakesthefearevenmoreterrifying（恐怖的）.Onepossibleinterpretationsuggestst