ASTM D 471-06 液体对橡胶性能影响的测试方法 Standard Test Method

Designation:D471–06StandardTestMethodforRubberProperty—EffectofLiquids1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD471;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoverstherequiredprocedurestoevaluatethecomparativeabilityofrubberandrubber-likecompositionstowithstandtheeffectofliquids.Itisdesignedfortesting:(1)specimensofvulcanizedrubbercutfromstandardsheets(seePracticeD3182),(2)specimenscutfromfabriccoatedwithvulcanizedrubber(seeTestMethodsD751),or(3)finishedarticlesofcommerce(seePracticeD3183).Thistestmethodisnotapplicabletothetestingofcellularrubbers,porouscompositions,andcompressedsheetpacking,exceptasdescribedin11.2.2.1.2ASTMOilsNo.2andNo.3,formerlyusedinthistestmethodasstandardtestliquids,arenolongercommerciallyavailableandin1993werereplacedwithIRM902andIRM903,respectively(seeAppendixX1fordetails).1.3ASTMNo.1Oil,previouslyusedinthistestmethodasastandardtestliquid,isnolongercommerciallyavailableandin2005wasreplacedwithIRM901;refertoTable1,FootnoteA,andAppendixX3fordetails.1.4Thistestmethodincludesthefollowing:ChangeinMass(afterimmersion)Section10ChangeinVolume(afterimmersion)Section11Dimensional-ChangeMethodforWater-InsolubleLiq-uidsandMixedLiquidsSection12ChangeinMasswithLiquidonOneSurfaceOnlySection13DeterminingMassofSolubleMatterExtractedbytheLiquidSection14ChangeinTensileStrength,ElongationandHardness(afterimmersion)Section15ChangeinBreakingResistance,BurstStrength,TearStrengthandAdhesionforCoatedFabricsSection16Calculation(oftestresults)Section171.5ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesinparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D92TestMethodforFlashandFirePointsbyClevelandOpenCupTesterD97TestMethodforPourPointofPetroleumProductsD287TestMethodforAPIGravityofCrudePetroleumandPetroleumProducts(HydrometerMethod)D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermo-plasticElastomers—TensionD445TestMethodforKinematicViscosityofTransparentandOpaqueLiquids(andCalculationofDynamicViscos-ity)D611TestMethodsforAnilinePointandMixedAnilinePointofPetroleumProductsandHydrocarbonSolventsD751TestMethodsforCoatedFabricsD865TestMethodforRubber—DeteriorationbyHeatinginAir(TestTubeEnclosure)D975SpecificationforDieselFuelOilsD1217TestMethodforDensityandRelativeDensity(SpecificGravity)ofLiquidsbyBinghamPycnometerD1415TestMethodforRubberProperty—InternationalHardnessD1500TestMethodforASTMColorofPetroleumProd-ucts(ASTMColorScale)D1747TestMethodforRefractiveIndexofViscousMate-rialsD2008TestMethodforUltravioletAbsorbanceandAb-sorptivityofPetroleumProductsD2140TestMethodforCarbon-TypeCompositionofIn-sulatingOilsofPetroleumOriginD2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHardnessD2699TestMethodforResearchOctaneNumberofSpark-IgnitionEngineFuelD3182PracticeforRubber—Materials,Equipment,andProceduresforMixingStandardCompoundsandPrepar-ingStandardVulcanizedSheets1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD11onRubberandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD11.15onDegradationTests.CurrenteditionapprovedOct.1,2006.PublishedNovember2006.Originallyapprovedin1937.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin1998asD471–98e2.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.1Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---D3183PracticeforRubber—PreparationofPiecesforTestPurposesfromProductsD4483PracticeforEvaluatingPrecisionforTestMethodStandardsintheRubberandCarbonBlackManufacturingIndustriesD4485SpecificationforPerformanceofEngineOilsD4806SpecificationforDenaturedFuelEthanolforBlend-ingwithGasolinesforUseasAutomotiveSpark-IgnitionEngineFuelE145SpecificationforGravity-ConvectionAndForced-VentilationOvens2.2SAEStandards:3J300EngineOilViscosityClassification3.SummaryofTestMethod3.1Thistestmethodprovidesproceduresforexposingtestspecimenstotheinfluenceofliquidsunderdefiniteconditionsoftemperatureandtime.Theresultingdeteriorationisdeter-minedbymeasuringthechangesinphysicalproperties,suchasstress/strainproperties,hardness,andchangesinmass,volume,anddimension,beforeandafterimmersioninthetestliquid.3.2TheprecisionstatementinSection19isbasedonaninterlaboratorytestprogramrunin1981,usingsixdifferentrubberswithASTMReferenceFuelsB,C,D4andASTMOilsNo.1andNo.3.3.3TheprecisionstatementinAppendixX2isbasedonaninterlaboratorytestprogramconductedin1993