2008年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题答案及题解

2008年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷理工类A级第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个惫义最为接近的选项。1Withimmenserelief,stoppedrunning.XAenormousBsomeClittleDextensive2Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.VAhandleBcollectCanalyzeDinvestigate3Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.XApassedBhitCreachedDled4Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.XApossibleBprofitableCwiseDeasy5Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.XAmysteryBfactCstatementDgame6Thatguyisreallywitty.XAuglyBsmartChonorableDpopular7Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.XAdramaticBreasonableChumiliatingDhorrifying8ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.XApreparedBtrainedCguidedDqualified9ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouthApraisesBwritesCdescribesDimitates10Themeaningisstillobscure.AtransparentBvagueCalienDsignificant11Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.AdestroyBdecreaseCpolluteDdelay12OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.AexpectsBassumesCpredictsDconsiders13Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.AfollowBrememberCunderstandDlearn14IhopethatIdidn’tdoanythingabsurdlastnight.XAawkwardBstrangeCawfulDstupid15Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.AadvocateBforbidCinheritDwithdraw第一部分词汇选项题123456789101112131415ABACABADCBCBADB第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。GreenRoofResearchTheconceptofgreenroofsisbasicallyaboutgrowingplantsonroofs,thushelpingtoreplacethegreenfootprintthathadbeendestroyedduetotheconstructionofthebuilding.Greenroofsarethemostprevalent（流行）inGermany,whichiswidelyregardedastheleaderingreenroofresearch.Thegreenroofsthatareusedthesedayscanbeclassifiedasextensiveand“intensive”systems.Extensivegreenroofsusemosses,grassesandherbs,whicharetoleranttodroughts.Theseplantsdonotneedmuchmaintenance,canbegrowninalayerofsubstrate（土层）thatcanbeasshallowas1.5inches,andgenerallyareinaccessibletothepublic.Incontrast,awiderangeofspeciesofplantsaregrownonintensivegreenroofs,suchasshrubs（灌木）andeventrees,whichrequiredeepersubstratelayers,andareusuallygrownonflatroofs.Theyneedintensivemaintenance,andareusuallyareasthatresembleparkswhichareaccessibletopeople.Thereareseveralbenefitsofadoptinggreenrooftechnologies.Apartfromtheobviouspsychologicalandaesthetic（暮学的）benefitsofgarden-likeenvironmentssurroundingyou,someofthecommoneconomicandecologicalbenefitsare:areductionintheconsumptionofenergy；airandwaterpurification；recoveringgreenspaces:andthemitigation（缓解）oftheheatislandeffectinurbanareas.Thegreenroofresearchthatiscurrentlyongoingisfocusedonevaluatingthespeciesofplantsthataresuitabletobegrownonroofs,themethodsofpropagation（繁殖）aswellasestablishment,nutrient（养料）andwaterrequirement,substrates,andthequantityandqualityofwaterrunoff.Theevaluationcriteriaofplantspeciesare:atwhatratetheycanbeestablished:theircapacitytowithstandinvasiveweeds:toleranceofcoldandheat:toleranceofdroughtconditions:capacityofpersistenceandsurvival.Anumberofexperimentsarebeingconductedonroofplatformsimulationsatvariousresearchcenters.Thesesitesaregenerallyoutfittedwithequipment,whichareusedtomeasuretemperaturesatdifferentdepthsofthegrowingsubstrates,andtherateandvolumeoftherunoffofstormwatersfromeachoftheplatforms.Greenrooftechnologyisrepresentativeofacompletelynewmarketforlandscapecontractors,andallroofsthatcurrentlyexistandthefutureonestobeconstructedarethepotentialmarket—amarketthatistoohugetobeoverlooked.16.Itisestimatedthataround10percentoftheflatroofsinGermanyaregreenARightBWrongCNotmentioned17.GermanpeoplepreferextensivegreenroofsystemstointensiveonesARightBWrongCNotmentioned18.Smallplantslikegrassesandherbsaregrownwidelyonintensivegreenroofs.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19.GreenroofisanecologicallysoundstrategyofspreadinggreeninurbanareasARightBWrongCNotmentioned20.OneofthebenefitsofgreenroofsisthereductionoftheheatislandeffectincitiesARightBWrongCNotmentioned21.OnefocusinthegreenroofresearchistheevaluationofsuitableplantspeciesARightBWrongCNotmentioned22.Althoughgreenrooftechnologycancreateagarden—likeenvironment,itspotentialmarketisrathersmall.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题：(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。TheSupercomputerNetwork1Recently,tenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan“talk”toeachother.Thismaynotseemverydramaticnews,butitisthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously.2TheInternetisaninterconnected（互联）systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload（下载）files,howmuchdatayoucanstore,etc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow,accessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.3Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled“thegrid”（网格技术）,anditwillbeanetworkofco