2009年9月听力上海高级口译笔试真题答案与听力原文

12009年9月上海高级口译笔试真题答案与听力原文2009年9月上海高级口译笔试听力原文SpotDictationFormorethantwocenturies,American'scollegesanduniversitieshavebeenthebackboneofthecountry'sprogress.Theyhaveeducatedtheirtechnical,managerialandprofessionalworkforce,andprovidedgenerationaftergenerationofnationalleaders.Today,educatorsfromaroundthecountryareuptofindmanyreasonsfortheexcellenceoftheAmericanuniversities.Butfourhistoricactsstandoutaswatersheds.First,educationforthemass.In1862,congressenactedtheLand-GrandCollegeAct,whichessentiallyextendedtheopportunityofhighereducationtoallAmericans,includingwomenandminorities.Eachstatewaspermittedtoselllargetractsoffederalland,andusetheproceedstoendowatleastonepubliccollege.Second,competitionbreedssuccess.Overtheyears,thedecentralizationanddiversityoftheAmerica'scollegesanduniversitieshavepromotedcompetitionforstudentsandresources.CompetitivepressurefirstaroseduringtheCivilWar,whenPresidentLincolncreatedtheNationalAcademyofScience,toadvicecongressonanysubjectofscienceandart.Theacademy'simpactreallygrewafterWorldWar2,whena2landmarkreportcommissionedbythethenpresident,arguethatitwastheFederalgovernment'sresponsibilitytoprovideadequatefundsforbasicresearch.Insteadofbeencentralizedingovernment'slaboratories,scientificresearchesbecamedecentralizedintheAmericanuniversities,andgeneratedincreasinginvestment.Italsogavegraduatestudentsresearchopportunities,andhelpspreadscientificdiscoveriesfarandwide,tothebenefitofindustry,medicine,andsocietyasawhole.Thirdly,investinginthefuture.TheendofWorldWar2,sawthepassageofServicemen'sReadjustmentActof1944.Thelaw,whichprovidedforcollegeorvocationaleducationforreturningveterans,madethehighereducationsystemaccessibleinwaysthatwereinconceivableinEurope,openingthedoorofthebestuniversitiestomenandwomenwhohadneverdreamedofgoingtocollege.Finally,promotingdiversity.Thecreationoffederalloanandsubsidyprograms,aswellasoutrightgrandforcollegestudents,broughtmuchneededdiversitytohighereducation,andfurtherhelptodemocratizeaccess.Sinceit'sfundedin1965,FederalFamilyEducationLoanProgramhasfundedmorethan74millionstudentloans,worthmorethan1803billiondollars.ListeningComprehensionQuestions1-5A:Grace,what'sinterestingtoyouaboutlivinginthecity?Whydoyoulikeit?B:Well,I'mjustacitygirl.OnetimeIboughtahouseinthecountrytoescapefromtheurbanills,andthenfoundmyselftotallyboredwithcountrylife.Becauseyouhavetodriveeverywhere,andthere'snotmuchtodo.I'musedtothefastpaceofthecity.There'sawholevarietyofmuseums,movies,coffeeshops,andplacestointeractwithpeople.Butsittingaloneinthecountry,youknow,unlessyouliketogrowagarden,orpatteraroundandbuildthingswithyourhands.A:Okay,butwhataboutyourvacation?Imean,alotofcitypeoplerentvacationhousesinthecountry.B:Buttome,goingtothecountryforavacationmakesnosenseatall.There'ssomuchworktodo.Firstyouhavetogetthere,andthen,Idon'tknow.IthinkIcanrelaxbetterinthecity.Besides,thecountryhasbugs.Thereyouaresupposedlyenjoyingyourselfinthefreshcountryair,butyouarebeeneatenalivebyavarietyofdifferentbugs.Youcan'tenjoyyourself.Youarebeenstungandeatentodeath.Youcan'trelax.Let'sput4itthisway.Ifyoulikeboredom,you'lllikethecountry.Peoplewholikealotofstimulation,youknow,can'thackit.Andthenthere'sthetransportationthing,Imean,togetacartonofmilk,youhavetodrivethreemiles.Sothewholecarculturethingkicksin.Givesmethecityanytime.A:Well,whatwouldyousayistheonethingyoulikemostaboutthecity?B:Theinteractivesociallife.Peoplegettogether.Ilikeitwhenyoucallupandpeoplesaycomeonover,andyouhangouttogether.Andit'sjustfun.A:Yah,andwhataboutthesuburbs?B:Well,that'sevenmorehatefulthanthecountrytome.A:Why?B:Well,thesuburbsdon'tevenhaveanyofthegoodcountryair.There'snothingtodo.Youjuststuckthere.Andforyoungpeople,thereareallsortsofproblems,alcohol,drugs,youhavetodriveeverywhere...Look,Igotomyfriend'shouseinthesuburbs.Doyoueverseeanyonewalkinginthestreet?No,it'stotallyzero.There'snothinggoingon.WhatcanIsay?!Youknow,it'snotforme.Idohaveoneortwosuburbanfriendswholikeit,becausetheymakeabarbequeandthebirdsarechirping,butnotme.Andthenthere'sanotherthingIreallyhate,inthecity,youcanmakemistakesbutyoualwaysgetasecondchance;Butinthecountry5andthesuburbs,youarelabeled.Youfeellikewow,that'sit!youarelabeled.Andthatlabeldoesn'tcomeoffeasily.A:Well,doyouthinkthecityislonely,ordangerous?B:NO!Inthecity,peopleliveinlittlecommunities,theyhaveinteractivesociallives.AndIdon'tthinkthecityisparticularlydangerous.Q1Thereareseveralreasonswhythewomanlikeslivinginthecity,whichofthefollowingisNOToneofthereasons?Q2Whatdoesthewomanthinkofvacationinthecountry?Q3Whatdoesthewomanlikemostaboutthecity?Q4Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutlivinginthesuburbsaccordingtothewoman?Q5Howdoesthewomandescribethecitylife?Questions6-10London,theUnitedKingdomTheLeft-LeaningThinkTank,theinstituteforpublicpolicyresearch(IPPR),haswarnedUKchancellornottousegreentaxestoplugtheholeingovernmentfinances.Itsnewresearchshowsthatthegovernmentcouldgain3.5billionpoundsayearthroughacarbontaxonhomesandvehicles.ButIPPRsaysthiswouldharmthepoor,unlessministersgivebackallthecashintheformofbenefi