2009年全国高考宁夏区试题答案(理综)

《大学英语(四)》A卷·第1页·共7页云南大学滇池学院2011至2012学年下学期2010级《大学英语(四)》期末考试（闭卷）试卷Ａ卷满分：100分考试时间：120分钟任课教师:__________年级：＿＿＿＿专业：＿＿＿＿＿学号：＿＿＿＿姓名：＿＿＿＿[答案一律做在答题纸对应的题号上。]（注：听力理解题的录音将在考试结束前30分钟播放）I.ReadingComprehension(30points)SectionOne:FastReading(10points)Directions:Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedbytenTRUEorFALSEquestions.Youmustreadthepassagequicklyanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.Ifitistrue,markAontheAnswerSheet(1)correspondingly.Iffalse,markBontheAnswerSheet(1)correspondinglywithasinglelinethroughthecenter.(答案做在答题纸(1)对应的题号上。如果statements是TRUE,划A;如果statements是FALSE,划B。)Cloningisaradicalchallengetothemostfundamentallawsofbiology;somanypeopleareconcernedthatitmightbeaprefacetoactivitiesthatwillthreatenhumansocietyanddignity.Conservativespiritualleadershaveclaimedthatcloningahumanconstitutesagrossattackonhumandignity.Thatwouldsurelybetrueifaclonedindividualweretreatedasalesserbeing,withfewerrightsorlowerstatus.Butwhysupposethatthelawsthatprotectourrightsanddignitywouldnotbeapplicabletoclonedperson?Manyofthevividwarningsofsciencefictionconcerningtheprospectofhumancloningturnout,uponreflection,tobewildlyimprobable.There’sthefear,forinstance,thatparentsmightcloneachildforthesakeofhaving“surplusparts”incasetheoriginalchildneedsanorgantransplant.Butparentsofidenticaltwinsdon’tviewonechildasanorganfarmfortheother.Whyshouldclonedchildren’sparentsbeanydifferent?Anotherdisturbingthoughtisthatcloningwillleadtoeffortstobreedindividualswithgeneticqualitiesperceivedasdesirable.Suchideasareoffensive,notonlybecauseofanunthinkingdisgust,butalsobecauseofthehorrorscarriedoutbytheNazisinthenameofimprovingtheirrace.Butthere’savastdifferencebetweenthebreedingprogramsaspracticedbysomegroups(wheretheurgetobreedcertaintypesofpeopleleadstoeffortstodestroyothertypes)andthemuchmoreharmlessformsalreadypracticedindemocraticsocieties(where,say,lawyersfreelychoosetohavesexualrelationswithotherlawyers).Banksstockedwiththefrozenspermofgeniusesalreadyexist,buttheyhaven’tcreatedamasterracebecausefewwomenarequeuinguptogetpregnantthisway.Whyshouldwethinkitwouldbedifferentifhumancloningbecomesavailable?Evenifhumancloningoffersnoobviousbenefitstomankind,whybanit?Ifitmightgoanyfurther,itshould---andnodoubtwill---takeplaceonlyundercarefulexaminationandlayersoflegaladministration.Mostimportant,humancloningshouldbegovernedbythe《大学英语(四)》A卷·第2页·共7页samelawsthatnowprotecthumanrights.Aworldthatisnotsafeforclonedhumanswouldbeaworldthatisnotsafefortherestofus.1.Thewriterthinksthatcloningisabigchallengetothelaws.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.SectionTwo:PassageReading(10points)Directions:Inthissection,therearetwopassagesfollowedbysomequestionsorincompletesentences.YoumustchoosethebestonefromthefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet(1)withasinglelinethroughthecenter.(答案做在答题纸(1)对应的题号上。)Passage1AstudyissuedbytheUniversityofWashingtonshowsthatalackofacademicachievementiscloselylinkedtosubstanceabuse,violenceandillegalbehaviorinthestudents’socialenvironment.Accordingtothestudy,groupsofmiddleandhighschoolstudentswithevenmoderateinvolvementwithsubstanceabuse,violenceandillegalbehaviorhavedramaticallyloweracademicachievementthangroupsofstudentswithlittleornoinvolvementinthesebehaviors.Factorssuchaspoverty,communityrisk,absenceofsocialskills,andalackofcommitmenttoschoolalsocontributetoloweracademicperformanceamonggroupsofstudents.Theresearchersaid,“Ifweexpectmoststudentstoachieveourstate’slearninggoals,weneedpreventionprogramsthattargetthesocialenvironmentandthatareextensiveenoughtoreachallstudentsinallschools.Oureffortsshouldengageschools,parentsandthecommunityandfocusonfactorsoutsidetheclassroom.”Dr.SheriL.Hill,assistantdirectoroftheUW’sWashingtonKidsCourtproject,alsosaid,“Interventionneedstostartwhenstudentsbegintheirfirstdayofschoolandcontinuethroughhighschool.”The2000WashingtonStateSurveyofAdolescentHealthyBehaviorsfoundthat20to40percentofmiddleandhighschoolstudentsareinvolvedwithsubstanceabuse,violenceandillegalbehavior.Thismeansasignificantproportionofchildrenatage10andolderareexposedtoriskyattitudesandbehaviorsintheireverydaysocialenvironments.“Wehavetoapproachstudentlearningfromtheperspectiveofthewholechild,”saidTerryBergeson,statesuperintendentofpublicinstruction.“We’veknownabouttheindividualeffectspoverty,substanceabuseandviolencecanhaveonyoungpeople.Today’sstudytakesthatknowledgeonestepfurtherbydemonstratingtheircollectiveeffectontheentireschoolcommunity,”sheadded,“Thewaytoinfluencestudentsuccessincludesstrongschools,parentalinvolvementandcommunityparticipation.Itmustbeasharedresponsibility.”《大学英语(四)》A卷·第3页·共7页11.Loweracademicachievementiscloselylinkedtoallofthefollowingexcept______.A.commitmenttoschoolB.absenceofsocialskillsC.povertyandcommunityriskD.violenceandillegalbehavior12.13.14.15.Passage2Whenfacedwithdeath,weallreactindifferentways.Mostpeoplehopefora“gooddeath”,howevertheymaydefineit.Therearemanybookswhichareavailabletohelpyouapproachdeathmindfullyandplanforend-of-lifecareinasystematicway.Ifyouarefacedwithmak