第一章 金属的晶体结构

让我们看到了如何去做才叫坚定了理想信念，如何去做才算做到了奉献、坚守，做到了一名优秀共产党员应该做到的。rationalconcepttoallownetworkmoreinlinewiththeobjectivelawsofthefuturedevelopmentofthecity.1.5.2planningresearchareas:throughoutthecity,withanareaof13,000km2,cover2districtsand8countiesofthecity,includingdowntownandcitylevels.Planningrange:mainforCityCenterCity,areafor1268km2,NorthtocasesfieldXiang,andJinPingzhen,andGaoDianZhen,andhuangshazhen,andLiuhometownNorthTownshipterritories,EastNanXIZhen,andJiangnanEastTownshipterritories,Southtohorsehome,andsonghome,andLiZhuangZhen,andSouthwidetown,andZhaofieldStreetdoSouthadministrativeborder,Westtobaixizhen,anddishdamtown,andthoughtslopeXiangWestTownshipterritories.1.6planningtarget1.6.1GeneraltargetthisitemsresearchtowillYibincitybuiltYangtzeRiverupstreamchuanYunnanGuizhoucombinedDepartmentRegionalCenterCity,supportcityspaceoforderedexpandfortarget,referenceYibincityintegratedtrafficplanning(2014-2030years)andtheYibinCityCitygeneralplanning(2013-2030years)ofresearchresults,usingscience,andadvancedofnetworkresearchmethod,buildingmorelevel,andmoremodeoftracktrafficsystem,Meetatdifferentlevelsofthecity'srailtransportationneedsandqualityrequirements.1.6.2target1,refinedurbandevelopmentaxisofurbandevelopmentconcepts,judgments,rail-guideddowntownfromsolotogroup-developmentofthenetwork,fromoneCentertocentercitywithaxialdevelopment.2,networkplanningadaptedtoYibinCitystatusandfuturedevelopmentneeds,demonstratesrationalscaleofrailtransporttomeettheneeds第一章金属的晶体结构三、填空题1、常见的金属晶格类型有、＿＿＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿＿＿三种,α-Fe、Cr、W、Mo属于＿＿＿＿＿＿＿，γ-Fe、Al、Cu、Ni属于＿＿＿＿＿＿＿,而Be、Mg、Zn、Cd属于＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。2、晶胞中原子排列的紧密程度,可以用＿＿＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿＿＿＿两个参数来衡量。3、面心立方晶格{100}、{110}、{111}晶面的原子密度分别是＿＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿＿＿；100、110、111晶向的原子密度分别是＿＿＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿＿＿。可见,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿晶面和＿＿＿＿＿＿＿晶向的原子密度大。4、与理想晶体比较,实际金属的晶体结构是＿＿＿晶体,而且存在＿＿＿＿＿＿。5、三种典型金属晶格中,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿晶格的原子排列是紧密的。6、晶格常数为a的面心立方晶胞,其原子数为＿＿＿＿＿＿,原子半径为＿＿＿＿＿,配位数为＿＿＿＿＿,致密度为＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。7、实际金属中常见的点缺陷是＿＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿＿；线缺陷是＿＿＿＿＿；面缺陷是＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。8、如图立方晶胞中OA的晶向指数为＿＿＿＿＿，与此晶向垂直的晶面的晶面指数是＿＿＿＿＿9、凡金属晶格缺陷都会引起晶格＿＿＿＿,一般都会使金属的强度、硬度＿＿＿＿,塑性、韧性＿＿＿。10、位错是＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿与—4—＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿的边界线。11、刃型位错的柏氏矢量与位错线互相＿＿＿＿＿＿＿,螺型位错的柏氏矢量与位错线互相＿＿＿＿＿。12、位错的滑移面是＿＿＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿＿＿＿所构成的平面。刃型位错的滑移面有＿＿＿＿个；螺型位错的滑移面有＿＿＿＿＿＿个。四、选择题1、在金属中能够完整地反映出晶格特征的小几何单元叫()。A、晶胞；B、晶格；C、晶体2、单晶体的性能特点是()。A、各向同性；B、各向异性；C、无规律3、体心立方晶胞原子数、原子半径、致密度分别是()。A、2,34a,0.68；B、4,34a,0.74；C、2,24a,0.684、符号{hkl}表示()。A、晶面族；B、晶向族；C、晶面5、立方晶系中,晶格常数是指()。A、近邻原子间距；B、近邻原子间距的一半；C、晶胞棱边长度让我们看到了如何去做才叫坚定了理想信念，如何去做才算做到了奉献、坚守，做到了一名优秀共产党员应该做到的。rationalconcepttoallownetworkmoreinlinewiththeobjectivelawsofthefuturedevelopmentofthecity.1.5.2planningresearchareas:throughoutthecity,withanareaof13,000km2,cover2districtsand8countiesofthecity,includingdowntownandcitylevels.Planningrange:mainforCityCenterCity,areafor1268km2,NorthtocasesfieldXiang,andJinPingzhen,andGaoDianZhen,andhuangshazhen,andLiuhometownNorthTownshipterritories,EastNanXIZhen,andJiangnanEastTownshipterritories,Southtohorsehome,andsonghome,andLiZhuangZhen,andSouthwidetown,andZhaofieldStreetdoSouthadministrativeborder,Westtobaixizhen,anddishdamtown,andthoughtslopeXiangWestTownshipterritories.1.6planningtarget1.6.1GeneraltargetthisitemsresearchtowillYibincitybuiltYangtzeRiverupstreamchuanYunnanGuizhoucombinedDepartmentRegionalCenterCity,supportcityspaceoforderedexpandfortarget,referenceYibincityintegratedtrafficplanning(2014-2030years)andtheYibinCityCitygeneralplanning(2013-2030years)ofresearchresults,usingscience,andadvancedofnetworkresearchmethod,buildingmorelevel,andmoremodeoftracktrafficsystem,Meetatdifferentlevelsofthecity'srailtransportationneedsandqualityrequirements.1.6.2target1,refinedurbandevelopmentaxisofurbandevelopmentconcepts,judgments,rail-guideddowntownfromsolotogroup-developmentofthenetwork,fromoneCentertocentercitywithaxialdevelopment.2,networkplanningadaptedtoYibinCitystatusandfuturedevelopmentneeds,demonstratesrationalscaleofrailtransporttomeettheneeds6、体心立方晶格原子密度大的晶面和晶向分别是()。A、{111}、110；B、{110}、111；C、{100}、1117、在立方晶格中,晶向指数[UVW]与晶面指数(hkl)满足hU+kV+lW=0时,则此晶面与晶向()。A、平行；B、垂直；C、成45°夹角8、实际金属结晶后往往形成(),使性能呈无向性。A、单晶体；B、多晶体；C、非晶体9、实际金属中存在许多缺陷,其中晶界属于()。A、点缺陷；B、线缺陷；C、面缺陷五、判断题()1、凡是原子具有规则排列的物质都叫晶体。()2、密排六方晶胞共有17个原子。—5—()3、空间点阵相同的晶体,它们的晶体结构不一定相同。()4、体心立方晶胞体心位置上的原子的配位数比角上原子的配位数大。()5、在立方晶系中，改变晶向指数的数字顺序,所表示的晶向上的原子排列情况是完全相同的。()6、立方晶系中指数相同的晶面及晶向互相垂直。()7、晶格中每个结点都具有完全相同的周围邻点。()8、工业上使用的实际金属材料都表现出鲜明的各向异性特征。()9、金属晶格中的空位和间隙原子会引起晶格畸变，从而导致金属塑性提高。()10、晶体结构的配位数愈大,其晶格致密度也愈大。()11、刃位错线运动方向垂直于位错线。()12、位错引起的晶格畸变的大小可用柏氏矢量表示出来。—6—Ch1金属的晶体结构三、1.bcc、fcc、hcp，bcc、fcc、hcp。2.致密度，配位数3.2/a2、1.4/a2、2.31/a2；1/a、1.4/a、0.58/a。{111}、110。4.多、晶体缺陷。5.fcc、hcp。6.4、42a、12、0.74。7.空位、间隙原子；位错；晶界和亚晶界。8.[121]、（121）9.畸变，升高，下降。10.晶体中已滑移的部分，未滑移部分。11.⊥、∥12.位错线和b。1；无数。四、123456789ABAACBABC让我们看到了如何去做才叫坚定了理想信念，如何去做才算做到了奉献、坚守，做到了一名优秀共产党员应该做到的。rationalconcepttoallownetworkmoreinlinewiththeobjectivelawsofthefuturedevelopmentofthecity.1.5.2planningresearchareas:throughoutthecity,withanareaof13,000km2,cover2districtsand8countiesofthecity,includingdowntownandcitylevels.Planningrange:mainforCityCenterCity,areafor1268km2,NorthtocasesfieldXiang,