1RT2级通用试卷090219改

1YXHWGENERALEXAMINATIONPAPERFORASMERTLEVELⅡASMERT-Ⅱ级通用试卷Approvedby试题批准人：EXAMINEE应试人EXAMINER考评人Grade得分DATE日期DATE日期Choosethecorrectanswer:选出正确的答案：Ⅰ.Physics(No.1-10;10Questions;2.5%each,total25%)物理基础(No.1-10题；10题；每题2.5分,共25分)1.Chargedparticlespassingthroughmatterloseenergyprimarilybecauseof()A.Scatterradiation.B.SecondaryScatter.C.Ionization.D.Chargedelectrons.带电粒子通过物质时会损失能量，主要是由什么引起？()A．散射线。B.二次散射线。C.电离。D.带电电子。2．ThepenetratingpowerofanX-raybeamisafunctionofits:()A.angleofincidence.B.source-to-objectdistance.C.wavelength.D.tubecurrent.X射线束的穿透力随下列哪一因素而变化？()A.入射角。B.射源到工件表面距离。C.射线波长。D.管电流。3．Whatradioisotopehasagammarrayenergyemissionthatisapproximatelyequalto320kVradiationfromanX-raytube?()2A.Co-60.B.Cs-137.C.Ur-238.D.Ir-192.下列哪种放射性同位素辐射的γ射线能量中，有大致相当于X射线管产生的320kV射线？()A.Co-60。B.Cs-137。C.Ur-238。D.Ir-192。4．AttenuationofX-raysintheenergyrangecommonlyusedfortestingtakesplacethrough()A.photoelectricabsorption.B.Comptonabsorption.C.bothAandBD.neitherAandB在常用能量范围内，X射线通过什么过程发生衰减？()A.光电吸收B.康普顿吸收C.A和BD.A和B都不是5．YouhaveanIr-192sourcewhosestrengthwas3.7TBq(100Ci)onJuly1thisyear.ApproximatelywhatwillbeitsstrengthonSeptember13thisyearifthehalflifeofIr-192is75days?()A.1TBq(30Ci).B.0.93TBq(25Ci).C.2.6TBq(70Ci).D.1.9TBq(50Ci).已知今年7月1日，你手头的Ir-192源源强为3.7TBq(100Ci)，问到今年11月27日，其源强约为多少？（已知Ir-192的半衰期为75天）()A.1TBq(30Ci).B.1.9TBq(50Ci).C.2.6TBq(70Ci).D.3.3TBq(90Ci).6．Radiationscatteringincreasesas()A.theenergyoftheincidentradiationdecreases.B.thesignoftheradiationfieldincreases.C.theangleofscatterdecreases.D.alloftheabove.在什么情况下，散射线强度会增大？()A.入射线能量降低时B.照射场尺寸增大时C.散射角减小时D.以上都是7．Thehalf-valuelayerofleadforcobalt-60isapproximately0.5inch(13mm).Iftheradiationlevelonthesourcesideofa1.54inch(39mm)leadplateis80R/hr,theradiationlevelonthe3oppositesideis:()A.8R/hr;B.10R/hr;C.20R/hr;D.40R/hr.Co-60的铅半值层约13mm，若在39mm厚的铅板射源侧表面辐射强度为80R/hr，则铅板背面的辐射强度为：()A.8R/hr。B.10R/hr。C.20R/hr。D.40R/hr。8．Bythe200KVX-rayswemean()A.thehomogeneousraysofenergy2MeV.B.theallcompositionsoftheraysofenergyhigherthan0.2MeV.C.the“whiteX-rays”beamofthehighestenergy0.2MeV.D.TheX-raysoftheaverageenergy0.2MeV.通常所谓200KVX射线是指：()A.能量为0.2MeV的单能射线。B.能量高于0.2MeV的所有射线成分。C.最大能量为0.2MeV的“白色”X射线束。D.平均能量为0.2MeV的X射线束。9．Incomparisonwithlower-voltageradiographs,highenergyradiographsshow()A.greatcontrastB.greatlatitudeC.greatamountsofscatterradiationrelativetoprimarybeamintensity.D.noneoftheabove.用高能射线拍出的射线底片，比低电压射线拍出的底片：()A.对比度高B.宽容度大C.散射比大D.以上都不是10．FiltersusedattheportoftheX-raytube:()A.intensifytheX-raybeambycontributingsecondaryradiation.B.filtershortwavelengthX-raybeamstoprovide“softer”radiation.C.providethemostreadilyadjustedmeansofmodifyingX-rayintensity.D.filterout“soft”radiationtoprovideamorehomogeneousX-raybeam.X射线管窗口放置滤板的目的是：()4A.产生二次射线以增强X射线束。B.滤去波长短的X射线以获得“软”射线。C.使X射线强度易于调整。D.滤去“软”射线，以获得较均匀的X射线束。Ⅱ.Equipment(No.11-15;5Questions；2%each，total10%)设备（No.11-15;5题，每题2分，共10分）11．ThemaximumtubecurrentofanX-raytubeisdeterminedbythe:()A.compositionofthecathode.B.distancefromtheanodetothecathode.C.targetmaterial,sizeofthefocalspot,andefficiencyofthecoolingsystem.D.materialusedtoconstructthevacuumenvelope.X射线管最大管电流取决于：()A.阴极结构。B.阳极到阴极的距离。C.靶材、焦点尺寸以及冷却系统的效率。D.制作真空管所用材料。12．TheinherentfiltrationofanX-raytubeisafunctionof()A.hethicknessandcompositionoftheX-raytubeport.B.thevoltagesettingoftheinstrument.C.thesource-to-objectdistance.D.thematerialusedasatarget.X射线管的固有滤波值取决于：()A.X射线管窗口厚度和成份。B.仪器的电压调节器。C.射线源—工件距离。D.靶材。13.ThefocalspotinanX-raytube:()A.isinclinedatanangleof30°fromthenormaltothetubeaxis.B.ismaintainedatahighnegativevoltageduringoperations.C.shouldbeaslargeaspossibletoensureanarrowbeamofprimaryradiation.D.shouldbeassmallaspossiblewithoutundulyshorteningthelifeofthetube.X射线管的焦点：()A.与管轴法线成30°倾角。B.工作时带负高压。C.应尽量大，以保证主射线成窄束。D.在不影响管子寿命的前提下应尽量小。514.Whichofthefollowingfactorsmustbeconsideredwhenchoosingthetypeoffilm?()A.Thecomposition,size,andthicknessoftheobject.B.Energyandoutputoftheradiationsource.C.Thecriticalityoftheinspection,andtherequiredlevelofsensitivity.D.Alloftheabove.选定胶片类型时，射线照相人员必须考虑下列哪一因素？()A.工件材质、尺寸和厚度。B.射线源能量和输出。C.检验的危险程度，以及所要求的灵敏度水平。D.以上都得考虑。15.Ahigh-vacuumenvironmentforX-raytubeelementsisnecessaryforwhichofthefollowing?()A.Topreventoxidationoftheelectrodematerials.B.Topreventreadypassageoftheelectronbeamwithoutionizationofgaswithinthetube.C.Toprovideelectricalinsulationbetweentheelectrodes.D.Alloftheabove.X射线管需要高真空的原因是：()A.防止电极材料氧化。B.使管内气体不被电离，从而使电子束易于通过。C.使电极之间绝缘。D.以上都是。Ⅲ.RadiographicTechnique（No.16-30;15Questions；3%each，total45%）透照工艺(No.16-30;15题；每题3分，共45分)16.Allotherfactorsbeingthesame,radiographicsharpnessordefinitionisimprovedbyusing:()A.slowerfilm.B.fasterfilm.C.filmwithalargergrainsize.D.slowerfilmwithfluorescentscreens.其它条件相同，要提高射线照相清晰度或分辨率，可使用：()A．速度较慢的胶片。B.速度较快的胶片。C.颗粒较大的胶片。D.慢速胶片+荧光增感屏。617.Asource-to-filmdistanceof750mmischangedto600mm.Whatexposuretimewouldberequirediftheoriginalexposuretimewas10min?()A.2.5min.B.5.0min.C.6.4min.D.15.2mm.原曝光时间为10min，射线源-胶片距离为750mm，底片可得正常黑度，现射源-胶片距离改为600mm，为得相同黑度，问所需曝光时间为多少？()A.2.5min.B.5.0min.C.6.4min.D.15.2mm.18.Astheeffectiveenergyoftheradiat