年产5万吨丁苯橡胶生产工艺项目设计

河南科技大学毕业设计年产5万吨丁苯橡胶的生产工艺设计摘要丁苯橡胶在第二次世界大战以后，发展极为迅速，目前已成为国际上生产量最大的一种合成橡胶[1]，占合成橡胶总产量的80%以上。苏联、美国、加拿大和民主德国丁苯橡胶产量最大，近年来英国、意大利、西德及我国等国家也开始迅猛发展。丁苯橡胶属于普遍类型的橡胶，可以替代天然橡胶，有些性能比天然橡胶更好。本设计为年产5万吨丁苯橡胶工艺设计，整个设计文件由设计说明书和设计图纸两部分组成。在设计说明书中，简单介绍了丁苯橡胶的生产状况、发展趋势、性能和主要用途，也介绍了目前丁苯橡胶的两种常见的工业聚合生产方法，并进行了比较，最后确定以低温乳液聚合作为聚合的工艺生产方法。在设计过程中，根据设计任务书的要求，进行了较为详细的物料衡算和能量衡算，对设备进行了工艺计算和选型，同时对聚丁苯橡胶生产过程中的安全注意事项及“三废”[2]治理作了相关说明。绘制了相应的设计图纸，设计图纸包括工艺流程图、主要设备图及车间布置图等。关键词：丁苯橡胶，低温乳液聚合，聚合釜，苯乙烯，丁二烯PROCESSDESIGNOFSTYRENEBUTADIENERUBBERWITHANNUALOUTPUTOF50,000TONSABSTRACTAftertheSecondWorldWar,SBRdevelopsrapidly.Ithasbecomethelargestinternationalproductionofsyntheticrubbersofar.SBRaccountedformorethan80%oftotalproductionofSyntheticrubber.TheSovietUnion,theUnitedStates,CanadaandEastGermany`sproductionoftheSBRarethelargest.Inrecentyears,theUnitedKingdom,Italy,GermanyandChinaandothercountriesalsostartedtherapiddevelopmentofSBR.SBRiscommontypeofrubber,andsometimesitcansubstitutefornaturalrubber.Somepropertiesare河南科技大学毕业设计evenbetterthannaturalrubber.Thisisadesignforanannualoutputof50,000tonsofSBRprocess.Thedocumentsareconsistedofdesignspecificationanddesigndrawings.Inthedesignofbrochures,abriefintroductionoftheSBRproductionstatus,trends,performanceandthemainpurposeofthecurrentSBR,alsointroducedthetwocommonindustrialpolymerproductionmethodsandmakeacomparison.Itwasdesidedthatthelow-temperatureemulsionpolymerizationreplacedthepolymerizationtechnologyproductionmethods.Indesignprocess,massbalanceandenergybalancewascalculatedaccordingtotherequestofdesignspecification.Processcalculationandmodelselectionwasmade.Atthesametime,thesafemattersneedattentionandthemanagementofthethreewastersintheprocessofSBRwasstated.Therelevantdesignpaperwasdrawn.Theengineeringflowdiagramandmajorequipmentdrawingandthearrangementdiagramofworkshopwereincludedindesigndrawing.KEYWORDS：SBR,Polymerizationtemperature,Polymerizer,Styrene,Butadiene目录前言...................................................1第1章绪论............................................2§1.1丁苯橡胶的市场分析...............................2§1.1.1国外生产情况.................................2§1.1.2国内生产情况.................................2§1.2丁苯橡胶合成技术进展.............................3§1.2.1乳聚丁苯橡胶的合成技术进展...................3§1.2.2溶聚丁苯橡胶合成技术进展.....................3§1.2.3我国丁苯橡胶新技术的开发.....................4河南科技大学毕业设计第2章生产工艺选择.....................................5第3章产品及原料说明...................................6§3.1产品的结构与性能................................6§3.1.1名称及其结构.................................6§3.1.2丁苯橡胶的性能...............................7§3.1.3丁苯橡胶用途.................................8§3.2聚合原理........................................8§3.2.1链引发.......................................8§3.2.2链增长.......................................8§3.2..3链终止......................................9§3.3原料说明.......................................10§3.3.1丁二烯......................................10§3.3.2苯乙烯......................................10第4章低温乳液聚合丁苯橡胶工艺........................10§4.1典型配方........................................10§4.2转化率确定.....................................11§4.3配料确定.......................................12§4.4聚合条件及原料要求.............................12§4.4.1分散介质....................................12§4.4.2单体纯度....................................13§4.4.3聚合温度....................................13§4.4.4各种助剂....................................13§4.4.5聚合时间....................................14第5章低温乳液聚合工艺流程............................14河南科技大学毕业设计§5.1原料准备过程..................................14§5.2聚合过程......................................15§5.3分离过程......................................15§5.4后处理阶段....................................15第6章工艺计算........................................16§6.1计算依据.......................................16§6.2生产过程总物料衡算.............................16§6.2.1总进料......................................16§6.2.2配方检验....................................18§6.2.3PBS配方原料汇总............................18§6.2.4各釜进出料计算.............................184§6.3热量衡算.......................................22第7章聚合釜的设计计算...............................240§7.1反应器操作体积.................................24§7.2罐体尺寸确定...................................24§7.2.1筒体高径比..................................25§7.2.2搅拌罐的装料量..............................25§7.2.3初步计算筒体直径............................25§7.3传热结构，夹套结构.............................25§7.4筒体壁厚确定...................................26§7.5顶盖和工艺接管.................................27§7.5.1进料管......................................27§7.5.2水进料管....................................27§7.5.3液氨的进口管径..............................27河南科技大学毕业设计§7.6搅拌装置.......................................29§7.6.1搅拌器选择..................................29§7.6.2搅拌器转速..................................29§7.6.3搅拌功率....................................29§7.7搅拌器附件.....................................30§7.7.1挡板........................................30§7.7.2导流筒......................................30第8章车间工艺布置及厂址选择..........................31§8.1工艺布置设计..................................