新型有机太阳电池塑料薄膜化的研究进展

:20055,:200563e2mail:[e-mail]3(),4,;:TM91414:A:10052281X(2006)02P320176206ProgressinaNewTypeofPlasticOrganicSolarCellMaTingli3(DepartmentofChemistry,FacultyofScience,KyushuUniversity,42221,Ropponmatsu,Fukuoka81028560,Japan)AbstractDye2sensitizednanocrystallineelectrochemicalsolarcell(DSC)isanewtypeofphotoelectriccells.ItisconsideredthatDSCisacrediblealternativetosiliconphotovoltaicdevice.ThispaperintroducestheprogressofthestudiesonplasticDSC.FourmethodsforfabricationoftheTiO2electrodesunderlowtemperaturecompression,hydrothermalsynthesis,microwaveirradiationandelectrophoreticdeposition,aredescribed.Theperformancesofthesolarcellbasedonplasticsubstratecounterelectrodesarereviewed.Thetendencyandprospectsoftheorganicsolarcellarepresented.Keywordsdye2sensitized;solarcells;polymers;TiO21,,,,,50,,,,,,3%4%,50%[1],4%[2]1AM115(airmass115,100mWPcm2),182P320063PROGRESSINCHEMISTRYVol.18No.2P3Mar.,20064%,11%[35]1()[2]Table1Efficiencyforthetypicalfilmsolarcellsandthicknessofthefilms[2]kindoffilmmaterialsefficiencythicknessorganicfilmPCBM,MDMO-PPV3.1%210nmorganicfilmC60,CuPc3.5%43nmorganicfilmC60,ZnPc4%50nmdye-sensitizedblackdye11%10minorganicfilm2Si9.5%1minorganicfilmZnO,CIGS16.9%m1:11,21TiO2,31,41[3]Fig.1Structureofthedye2sensitizedsolarcell:1.incidentlight,2.TiO2,3.conductingglass,4.electrolyte[3],,,,(DSCs),,,DSCs,[6,7][8],(F2dopedSnO2,FTO),1,,:(1);(2);(3);(4)22.1,10P;,,ITO(indiumtin2dopedoxide)PET(poly(ethyleneterephthalate))PEN(poly2ethylenenaphthalate))PET,,PEN150,,ITO,2.2ITO2PETITO2PEN,150,(30min)[9],45050030min1h,,10m,IPCE(incidentphoto2to2currentconversionefficiency)80%,500[10],,,,TiO24:(compression),(hydrothermalsynthesis),(microwaveincident)(electrophoreticdeposition)7712P32.2.1HagfeldtTiO2,20%,Gr¾tzel(doctorblading)ITO2PET,,8001500kgPcm2,2[11,12]415%(011sun)011sun,,[10],,,[12]2TiO2,::[11]Fig.2ThecompressionmethodsforpreparationofTiO2filmontheplasticsubstrates,upper:staticfilmcompression;lower:dynamicfilmcompression[11]2.2.2Minoura,,[13,14],TiCl4TiOSO4Ti(OiPr)4(TTIP),ITO2PET,,,100,AM115313%017%IPCE50%,450IPCE88%[15],TiO2450,2.2.3TiO2()ITO2PET,2145Hz28Hz[16,17],AM115,0174%2116%(2)480519%(3),Uchida,,,,,TiO2,[18],TiO2,,,,[18,13],,2[16]Table2PerformanceoftheDSCpreparedbymicrowaveirradiation[16]powerGHzVocmVJscmAcm-2PmaxmW%FF06111.280.070.450.572.456571.760.100.740.64286854.910.242.160.643[17]Table3PerformanceoftheDSCpreparedbymicrowaveirradiationandsinteringat400[17]methodsVocmVJscmAcm-2PmaxmW%FFmicrowave0.7kW,5min69711.81.105.50.67sintering15020h7457.450.773.90.7048050min75212.61.185.90.62871182.2.41996Peulon[20]ZnOZnCl2KCl(011molPL),,[20]Miyasaka[2123]TiO2TiO2,,ITO2PETITO2PEN1kVPcm,1min,3(a)TiO2,(NTB21,ShowaTitaniumCo1,Ltd.)5min,50,3(b)SEM:;(CVD)[10,11],,3TiO2SEMa:,b:[10]Fig.3SEMimagesofelectrophoreticallydepositedTiO2filmsbefore(a)andafter(b)bindingtreatment[10]411%(100mWPcm2[22])Miyasaka450550,,ITOFTO,[23,24]2.3,ITO2PENITO2PET,[25,26]4,ITO2PEN110(5139%);319,FF(fillfactor)10%,,20mW3min,[25],(4),(1195%)[25]Miyasaka[24],4[25]Table4PropertiesofseveralDSCsbasedonthefilmcounterelectrodes[25]substrateplatinizingmethodVocmVJscmAPcm2FF%%ITO-PEN110sputtering69312.90605.39thermaldeposition62416.32464.65ITO-PEN120sputtering67512.30584.81ITO-PEN150sputtering67111.90534.24polyestersputtering64712.50493.99polystyrenesputtering7127.56593.192.4(25)[24]600h,9712P348%52%Miyasaka(32cm2,400m215g),,80,012sun3,50%ITOTiO2,,[23]3,IT,5%[22],20[16]Miyasaka8,15cm2,400m415V,515V[24],,[24]4Fig.4Thehousesetupwithdye2sensitizedsolarcells4ToyotaToyotaPAPI[27]DSC(01818cm2),6148%,,500W,612%[27,28]44.15%,,,4.2,,IT,,5%,400cm2,34W,,[1]SaitoK,TaimaT,ChikamatsuM,etal.Jpn.Soc.Appl.Phys.,2004,73:15251530[2]SaitoK.RecentAdvancesinThinFilmSolarCell.Japan:NTS,2005.167176[3]OReganB,Gr¾tzelM.Nature,1991,353:737740[4]Gr¾tzelM.Prog.Photovolt.Res.Appl.,2000,8:171185[5]Gr¾tzelM.J.Photochem.Photobio.A:Chem.,2004,164:314[6](QianXM),(BaiYB),(LiTJ),(TangXY).(ProgressinChemistry),2000,12(2):141151[7]MaTL.RecentAdvancesinResearchandDevelopmentfortheDye2SensitizedSolarCells.Japan:CMC,2002.16917508118[8](MaTL).(NewMaterialScienceandApplicationTechnology).(Beijing):(TsinghuaUniversityPress),2004.116[9]MiyasakaT.Jpn.Soc.Appl.Phys.,2004,73:15311535[10]MiyasakaT.Ceramics,2004,39:439444[11]LindstrÊmH,HolmbergA,MagnussonE,etal.NanoLetters,2001,1:97100[12]BoschlooG,LindstrÊmH,HolmbergA.J.Photochem.Photobio.A:Chem.,2002,148:1115[13]ZhangDS,YoshidaT,MinouraH.Chem.Lett.,2002,874876[14]ZhangDS,YoshidaT,MinouraH.JournalofPhotochem.Photobio.A:Chem.,2004,164:159166[15]MinouraH,YoshidaT.ChemicalIndustry,2004,10:737744[16]UchidaS,TomihaM,MasakiN,etal.SolarEnergyMater.SolarCells,2004,81:135139[17]UchidaS,TomihaM,MasakiN.Electrochemistry,2002,70:466469[18]TomihaM,UchidaS.Ceramics,39:435438[19]TomihaM,UchidaS.FunctionalMaterials,2003,23:5863[20]PeulonS,LincotD.AdvancedMaterials,1996,8:167171[21]MiyasakaT,KijitoriY,MurakamiTN,etal.Chem.Lett.,2002,31:12501251[22]MiyasakaT,KijitoriY.J.Electrochem.Soc.,2004,151:187[23]MurakamiTN,KijitoriY,MiyasakaT,etal.J.Photochem.Phot