基于单片机的超速报警器的设计

郑州轻工业学院本科毕业设计（论文）基于单片机的超速报警器的设计I基于单片机的超速报警器的设计摘要随着我国经济的飞速发展，汽车已经成为货物运输和外出旅行的主要工具。而根据我国道路交通安全法的规定，汽车在各种特定的路段行驶车速都有限制。在行驶过程中司机们可能无意间超速，对自己和他人造成严重的安全隐患，因此开发一款超速报警器很有必要。本论文设计的超速报警器是单片机为核心，扩展外部电路实现功能扩展，从而达到超速报警的效果。其原理是通过传感器采集汽车车轮的转速信号，然后把此信号转换变成开关信号送入单片机，在单片机内部此信号经计算转换后与内部的设定值比较，当测量值超过预设定值时双重报警启动。该系统由测速电路、复位电路、报警电路、调速电路和显示电路构成，本设计经实验模拟验证能达到良好的效果，在较低成本到较高的稳定性、可靠性和精准度，系统高效且抗干扰能力理想，具有一定的实用价值。关键词单片机测速电路报警电路基于单片机的超速报警器的设计IITHEDESIGNOFTHEOVERSPEEDALARMBASEDONMCUABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofeconomyinourcountry,thecarhasbecomethemaintoolofcargotransportationandtravel.Accordingtothethetrafficsafetylaw,thecar'sspeedindifferentsectionshavespeedlimitvalue.Thebehaviorofinadvertentlyspeedingcauseserioussecurityhiddendangertothemselvesandothers,soitisnecessarytodevelopanoverspeedalarmdevice.Inthispaper,overspeedalarmsystemisbasedonsinglechipmicrocomputerasthecore,byextendingtheexternalcircuittoimplementtheoverspeedalarm.Theprincipleofwhichisthroughthesensortocollectcarwheelspeedsignal,thenconvertthesignalintothemicrocontroller,thesignalcomparedwiththeinternalvalueaftercalculation,Whenthemeasuredvalueexceedsthepresetvalue,thedualalarmstart.Thesystemconsistsofspeedmeasuringcircuit,resetcircuit,alarmcircuit,controlcircuitanddisplaycircuit.Thisdesignthroughthesimulationexperimentcanachievegoodeffect,andalsoitcanachievehighstability,reliabilityandprecisionunderthelowercost,meanwhilesystemhasidealanti-jammingabilityandcertainpracticalvalue.KEYWORDSmicrocontrollerspeedmeasuringcircuitalarmcircuit基于单片机的超速报警器的设计目录中文摘要......................................................................................................................................I英文摘要.....................................................................................................................................II1引言........................................................................................................................................11.1研究背景................................................................................................................11.2本课题的研究现状和发展趋势................................................................21.3本课题的主要内容...........................................................................................32车速的测量........................................................................................................................42.1频率的测量方法................................................................................................42.2速度的实现...........................................................................................................53系统硬件设计...................................................................................................................73.1系统的设计思路................................................................................................73.2系统总体框图.....................................................................................................73.3元器件的选定.....................................................................................................73.3.1车速传感器的选定..........................................................................................73.3.2单片机的选定.................................................................................................103.3.3显示方式的选定.............................................................................................123.3.4报警元件的选定.............................................................................................133.4硬件电路的设计..............................................................................................143.4.1单片机的最小系统........................................................................................143.4.2霍尔电路的设计............................................................................................153.4.3报警电路的设计.............................................................................................163.4.4按键电路的设计.............................................................................................173.4.5显示电路的设计.............................................................................................17基于单片机的超速报警器的设计4系统软件设计.................................................................................................................184.1主程序的设计...................................................................................................194.2中断服务程序设计.........................................................................................194.3按键调速程序的设计...................................................................................204.4显示程序的设计..............................................................................................235系统仿真调试.................................................................................................................25结论......................................................................................................................................29参考文献...................................................................................