车床主轴加工工艺过程说明书

题目：车床主轴加工工艺过程姓名：班级学号：指导教师：毕业论文（设计）用纸第I页摘要在机械领域中，车床是应用最广泛为、最为频繁的一种机床，它的应用非常的普遍。所以它的加工精度就极其的重要，工件能否达到加工要求就取决于车车床本身的精度，而决定车床加工质量的就是它的主轴。CA6140车床主轴是把旋转运动及扭矩通过主轴端部的夹具传递给工件和刀具，要求有很高的强度及回转精度，其结构为空心阶梯轴，外圆表面有花键、电键等功能槽及螺纹。故，生产CA6140主轴的工艺以及加工方法，对整个机械加工来说都有着非常重要的作用，本文详细阐述了CA6140主轴的工艺过程、加工余量、切削用量以及生产中所涉及的重要夹具关键词车床；主轴；旋转运动；公差毕业论文（设计）用纸第II页AbstractInthemachinerealm,thelatherisanapplicationmostextensivelyis,themostmultifarioustoolmachine,especiallytheCA6140lathers,itsapplicationisverywidespread.Soitprocessesaccuracyfortheveryimportance,theworkpiecetheaccuracythatcanattaintoprocesstorequestandthenbedecidedbythecarlather,butdecidetheCA6140lathersprocessingqualityisitsprincipalaxis.TheCA6140latherprincipalaxisisrevolvesportandtwisttocarryadepartmentthroughaprincipalaxisofthetongsdelivertohavefortheworkpieceandtheknife,requestingveryhighstrengthandturningroundaccuracy,itsstructureisahollowstairsstalk,outsidecirclethesurfacecontainthefunctionslots,suchasHUAJIAN4andtheelectricitykey...etc.andthread.Past,producethecraftoftheCA6140principalaxisesandprocessamethod,processtothewholemachinetosaythatallhaveacountformuchfunction,thistextelaboratesthecraftprocessesoftheCA6140principalaxises,processamountofremainingandslicestoparedosageandproducesindetailmediumtheimportanttongsinvolve。KeywordsLather;axis;Principalaxis;allowance毕业论文（设计）用纸第1页目录摘要IAbstractII第1章零件的分析..........................................................................................................21.1零件的作用...................................................................................................................21.1.1支承轴颈...................................................................................................................................21.1.2头部锥孔...................................................................................................................................21.1.3头部短锥...................................................................................................................................21.1.4装配轴颈...................................................................................................................................21.1.5轴向锁紧...................................................................................................................................31.2零件的工艺分析...........................................................................................................31.2.1加工阶段的划分.......................................................................................................................31.2.2工序顺序安排...........................................................................................................................31.2.3主轴锥孔的磨削.......................................................................................................................4第2章工艺规程的设计..................................................................................................52.1主轴的材料、毛坯与热处理.......................................................................................52.1.1主轴的毛坯...............................................................................................................................52.1.2主轴的材料和热处理...............................................................................................................52.2主轴加工工艺过程.......................................................................................................62.2.1主轴加工的主要问题和工艺过程设计所应采取的相应措施...............................................62.2.2主轴加工定位基准的选择.......................................................................................................72.2.3主轴主要加工表面加工工序的安排.......................................................................................72.2.4主轴加工工艺过程...................................................................................................................92.2.5各工序工步的排序..................................................................................................................11第3章机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定................................................123.1各工序工步的切削余量的计算.................................................................................123.2各工序工步的切削用量的计算....................................................错误!未定义书签。结论错误!未定义书签。参考文献错误!未定义书签。致谢错误!未定义书签。毕业论文（设计）用纸第2页第1章零件的分析1.1零件的作用车床主轴是把旋转运动及扭矩通过主轴端部的夹具传递给工件和刀具，要求有很高的强度及回转精度，其结构为空心阶梯轴，外圆表面有花键、电键等功能槽及螺纹。1.1.1支承轴颈主轴两主支承轴颈A、B和1：12锥度与双列向心短圆锥磙子轴承配合，并支承在主轴箱孔上是主轴部件的装配基准。其圆度和同轴度将引起主轴回转误差，影响被加工工件的精度，必须严格控制。主支承轴颈圆跳动公差为0.005mm,1:12锥面接触率70%，表面粗糙度Ra为0.4µm。主轴中间辅助支承为单列滚子轴承，用以提高主轴刚性和回转精度。其径向圆跳动公差为0.01mm；表面粗糙度Ra为0.4µm。尺寸公差等级为IT6。1.1.2头部锥孔主轴头部莫氏6号锥孔是用来安装夹具的定位面的。可安装顶尖，也可安装刀具。其对支承轴颈A、B的圆跳动，近轴端公差为0.005mm，离轴端300mm处公差为0.01mm。锥面的接触率≥70%表面粗糙度为0.4µm，硬度要求HRC52。主轴锥孔的轴线与支承轴颈线不重合，将使被加工工件产生相对位置误差。1.1.3头部短锥主轴头部短锥C和大台阶面D是安装卡盘的定位面。其圆跳动为0.008µm，表面粗糙度Ra为0.8µm。头部短锥C对支承轴颈的圆跳动将卡盘产生同轴度误差。大台阶端面D对支承轴颈轴线跳动将卡盘产生垂直度误差。1.1.4装配轴颈主轴上共安装三个齿轮，其中一个空套，一个单键连接，另一个是花键连接。装配轴颈对支承轴颈径向圆跳动公差为0.015mm～0.9mm。表面粗糙度R为0.4～0.6µm，尺寸公差等级为IT5。毕业论文（设计）用纸第3页装配轴颈对支承轴颈的同轴度误差，会引起主轴传动齿轮啮合不良，当主轴转速很高时，还会影响齿轮的传动平稳性，产生噪生