虚拟语气大全

个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途1/10英语虚拟语气归纳整理【四大类别】1．If虚拟条件句2．Wish/ifonly/wouldrather愿望和asif(though好像3．从句中should+动词原形，should可省略4．It’stime从句第一类If虚拟条件句分三种时态：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。*条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟条件句两种。真实条件句的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句的假想与事实相反或不大可能会发生，试比较：b5E2RGbCAPIfIhavetime,Iwillgowiththem.假若我有时间，我就同他们去。(陈述语气p1EanqFDPwIfIwereyou,Iwouldgowiththem.假若我是你，我就同他们去。(虚拟语气DXDiTa9E3dIf条件句虚拟时态类型主句If引导的从句例句与现在相反would/should/could/might+V原型动词过去式did*be多用were1.IfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.2.IwouldcertainlygoifIhadtime.与过去相反would/should/could/might+havedone动词过去完成式haddone1.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedinthetest.2.IfIhadleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain.个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途2/10与将来相反would/should/could/might+V原①动词过去式②should+V原③were+todo1.Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.①2.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.③*规律总结：从句都往过去推一个时态，如：与现在相反的if从句就用过去个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途3/10时；与过去相反用过去完成时即过去的过去）注：几点特别说明1、lwould/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：RTCrpUDGiTIfyoutriedagain，youwouldsucceed.要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would表结果5PCzVD7HxAIfyoutriedagain，youmightsucceed.要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might表可能jLBHrnAILgIfyoutriedagain，youcouldsucceed.要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力xHAQX74J0X个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途4/102、错综时间虚拟条件句：即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整：LDAYtRyKfEIfithadrainedlastnight,thegroundwouldbewetnow.要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。Zzz6ZB2LtkYouwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了。dvzfvkwMI13、If虚拟条件句的否定含蓄条件句）常考三个句型：Ifitweren’tfor…和Ifithadn’tbeenfor…，butfor…其意为“若不是(有”“要不是”。如：rqyn14ZNXIIfitweren’tforwater,noplantcouldgrow.要是没有水植物就无法生长。EmxvxOtOcoIfithadn’tbeenforyourassistance，wewouldn’thavesucceeded.SixE2yXPq5=Butforyourassistance，wewouldn’thavesucceeded.6ewMyirQFL=Withoutyourassistance，wewouldn’thavesucceeded.kavU42VRUs4、了解就可以了）If虚拟条件句的倒装形式，即把were,had,should置于句首。例：WereIinschoolagain(=IfIwereinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.y6v3ALoS89个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途5/10Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…M2ub6vSTnP第二类Wish/ifonly/wouldrather愿望和asif(though好像从句分时态0YujCfmUCwlWish从句……就好了【通常带有遗憾、抱歉的语气】1．与现在事实相反：动词过去式或werebe动词过去式用were）2．与过去事实相反：主语+wish(that+主语+动词过去完成式3．与将来事实相反：助动词过去式+动词原形IwishIwereapopsinger.(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..eUts8ZQVRdIwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.sQsAEJkW5TIwishtheywouldletusgetsomesleep.*wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：GMsIasNXkA1）Wehopetheywillcome.(Wedon’tknowiftheycancome.TIrRGchYzg2）Wewishtheycouldcome.(Weknowtheyarenotcoming.7EqZcWLZNX2．ifonly后的句子用虚拟语气要是……就好了ifonly与Iwish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与wish后所接时态的情况相同：lzq7IGf02E个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途6/10Ifonlyshehadhadmorecourage!她再勇敢一些就好了。IfonlyIhadlistenedtomyparents!我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。zvpgeqJ1hkIfonlyshewouldgowithme!她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!注意：ifonly通常独立使用，没有主句。3．lwouldrather后句子用虚拟语气只分现在和过去在wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldjustassoon后的that从句中,句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示宁愿做什么，具体用法为：NrpoJac3v1①一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望：I’dratheryouwenttomorrow(now.我宁愿你明天(现在去。②用过去完成时表示过去的愿望：I’dratheryouhadn’tsaidit.我真希望你没有这样说过。4．lasif(though从句用虚拟语气以asif(asthough引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气,则与wish用法相同，例：1nowfTG4KIHeactsasifheknewme.他显得认识我似的。TheytreatmeasthoughIwereastranger.他们待我如陌生人。fjnFLDa5ZoHetalksasifhehadbeenabroad.他说起话来好像曾经出过国。注：两点说明个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途7/10(1从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气【需要判断句子意思是否为事实】：Itlooksasifwe’llbelate.我们似乎要迟到了。(2注意Itisn’tasif…的翻译：Itisn’tasifhewerepoor.他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷。第三类从句中should+动词原形，should可省略【固定句型，需要记忆】l在lest，forfearthat(以免,incase(以防引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气tfnNhnE6e5Shewalkedquietlylestshe(shouldwakeupherroommates.她走得很轻以免吵醒她的室友。HbmVN777sLl表应当做值得做一类动词后的宾语从句建议advise,suggest,propose,recommend命令order,command；请求ask,demand,require,request指示direct；敦促urge提议move,vote；希望desire坚持insist；打算intend安排arrange。比如：V7l4jRB8HsIinsistedthathe(shouldstay.我坚持要他留下。HeurgedthattheygotoEurope.他敦促他们到欧洲去。Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly.他建议我们早点动身。83lcPA59W9Heorderedthatit(shouldbesentback.他命令把它送回去。mZkklkzaaP个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途8/10Iaskthatheleave.我要求他走开。HerequiresthatI(shouldappear.他要求我出场。Imovethatweaccepttheproposal.我提议通过这项提案。HearrangedthatIshouldgoabroad.他安排我去国外。Shedesiresthathedoit.她希望他做此事。Thegeneraldirectedthattheprisonersshouldbesetfree.将军指示释放那些俘虏。AVktR43bpw*suggest表“暗示”insist表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气比较：HeinsistedthatIhadreadhisletter.他坚持说我看过他的信。ORjBnOwcEdHeinsistedthatIshouldreadhisletter.他坚持要我看他的信。2MiJTy0dTTHesuggestedthatwe(shouldstayfordinner.他建议我们留下吃饭。gIiSpiue7AIsuggestedthatyouhadasecretunderstandingwithhim.我觉得你与他心照不宣。uEh0U1Yfmhlorder,suggestion,idea,plan,proposal,advice,demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句IAg9qLsgBXOursuggestionisthatyoushould）bethefirsttogo．我们的建议是你应该第一个去。WwghWvVhPE*advice,agreement,command,decision,decree,demand,determination,indication,insistence,order,preference,个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途9/10proposal,request,requirement,stipulation,suggestion,idea,plan,orderasfpsfpi4k2．“Itis(was+紧急重要--带感情色彩【固定句型，需要记忆】上述demand/suggest等动词过去分词或important,natural,strange,necessary，surprised,appropriate等形容词后的主语从句。ooeyYZTjj11.Itisor