虚拟语气语法

IwishI_______(be)astallasyou.wereIwisheveryday_____(be)mybirthday.wereIwish/wishedI____________(eat)somuchwatermelon.hadn’teaten英语动词有种语气陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。三虚拟语气的考点1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5、虚拟语气时态的判定。if引导的虚拟条件句区别:Ifitrainstomorrow,thecropswillbesaved.Ifitrainedtomorrow,thecropswouldbesaved.陈述语气虚拟语气主从句的谓语形式时间If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did/werehaddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)Ifyou____tomorrow,you____findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might√Ifhe___，he___thatfood.Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken√If虚拟句的倒装万一下雨，我们将不得不推迟比赛。wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeet.Ifitshouldrain,Shoulditrain,如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他WereIyou,…Hadhebeenthereyesterday,…Shoulditsnowtomorrow,…IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.如果我是你，我会再试一次。如果他昨天在那儿的话，他就会看那部电影了。如果明天下雪，我们就不出去了。1.____theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.Ifheshouldpass2.___fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive名词性从句中的虚拟语气及几种虚拟语气特殊句型1.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose(advice,suggestion,proposal)4.demand,require,request,desire这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。•Mydemandisthatshe_______________(come)toseemeonceaweek.•Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks(be)closeddown.•Hesuggestedthatwe____________(go)toBeijingforsightseeing.•Theproposalthatwe(go)outforapicnicwaswarmlywelcomed.(should)go(should)come(should)be(should)go表语从句同位语从句宾语从句主语从句注意：如suggest,insist用于其本意“暗示、表明“、”坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody__________(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe______(be)seriouslyillandthat_________(send)tohospitalsatonce.3.Hesuggestedthatwe________(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe______(be)ill.obeywasbesenthavewas2.It’s(about/high)time+that--should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’s(about)timethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.•3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法：在Itisimportant(strange，natural，necessary)that…这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should十动词原形”结构，表示某事是重要、奇怪、自然、必要等意义。如:Itisimportantthateverymember(should)informhimselfoftheserules.重要的是每个成员知道这些规则。•4.由asif或asthough引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时。从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had十过去分词”。如:HetreatedmeasifIwereastranger.他那样对待我，好像我是陌•生人似的。Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshehadreallyseenit.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。有时为了表达需要,并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来代替条件句.1.Iwasillthatday.0therwise,I___________________(take)partinthesportsmeet.2.I_______________(give)youmorehelp,butIwastoobusy.3.Amanwhostoppeddrinking____________(be)deadinsevendays.4.Butforwater,it________(be)impossibletoliveinthedesert.wouldhavetakenmighthavegivenwouldbewouldbe虚拟语气时态的判定1.如果过去天气好的话，现在庄稼长得更好了．Iftheweather____________finer,thecrops_______________________stillbetter.2.如果你听了老师的建议的话，你现在就不会在医院里了．Ifyou_______________theteacher’sadvice,you______________inthehospital.3.如果你当时身体状况好一些的话，我们本可能会让你去帮助他们工作的．Ifyouinbetterhealth,weyoutogotheretohelptheirwork.hadbeencouldhaveallowedwouldbegrowinghadfollowedwouldn’tbehadbeen虚拟语气巩固练习1.IfI____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.A.knew,wouldB.hadknown,wouldhavesentC.know,wouldsendD.knew,wouldhavesent2.Ifthey____earlierthanexpected,they____herenow.A.hadstarted,wouldbeB.started,mightbeC.hadstarted,wouldhavebeenD.willstart,mighthavebeen3.Ididn’tknowhistelephonenumber.____it,I____then.A.HadIknown,wouldringhimupB.ShouldIknow,wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew;wouldringhimupD.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimup4.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she____absentfromschool.A.werenotill;wouldn'tbeB.hadbeenill;wouldn'thavebeenC.hadbeenill;shouldhavebeenD.hadn'tbeenill;couldbe5.WereItodoit,I________itsomeotherway.A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo6.I________himtheanswer________possible,butIwassobusythen.A.couldtell;ifithadbeenB.musthavetold;wereitC.shouldhavetold;haditbeenD.shouldhavetold;shoulditbe7.Withoutyourhelp,we________somuch.A.won'tachieveB.didn'tachieveC.don'tachieveD.wouldn'thaveachieved8.Youdidn'ttakehisadvice.________hisadvice,you________suchamistake.A.Hadyoutaken;wouldn'thavemadeB.Ifyouhadtaken;wouldmakeC.Wereyoulotake;shouldn’thavemadeD.Haveyoutaken;won’thavemade9.Itisquitenaturalthatmycominglateagain________themveryangry.A.hadmadeB.wouldmakeC.makesD.make10.Heactsasifhe________everythingintheworld.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.won'tknow