Forbidding Mourning赏析

AValediction:ForbiddingMourning——JohnDonne(1572-1631)15外13丁一枫BriefintroductionofJohnDonneBackgroundinformationApprieciationofValediction:ForbiddingMourningAnalysisofthethemePART1Name：JohnDonne（1572~1631）Nation：EnglandHometown：LondonMainAchievements：MetaphysicalPoetry(玄学派诗歌)MagnumOpus：《SongsandSonnets》BriefIntroductiontohislifeBorninaRomanCatholicfamily.ReceivedhiseducationatOxfordandCambridge.In1601,heelopedwithAnnMoreandwascastintoprisonbyherfather.In1615,hegaveuphisCatholicfaithandbecameanAnglicanpriest.In1621,hewasappointedtheDeanofSt.Paul'sCathedralbyKingJamesI.BackgroundofThePoemJohnDonnewrotethispoemforhiswifeuponlivingforFrancein1611.Thispoemdoesn'thavemuchwritingrhetoric,butjustlikehisotherlovepoems,itsreasoninganddebateoflyricalwhimareabundant.Basedonthethemeoftwoloversabouttopartforanextendedtime,thepoemisnotableforitsuseofconceitsandingeniousanalogiestodescribethecouple'srelationship.“AValediction”isa36-linelovepoemthatwasfirstpublishedinthe1633collectionSongsandSonnets,twoyearsafterDonne'sdeath.PART2PART3AppreciationAValediction:ForbiddingMourningAsvirtuousmenpassmildlyaway,Andwhispertotheirsoulstogo,Whilstsomeoftheirsadfriendsdosay,Nowhisbreathgoes,andsomesay,No.Soletusmelt,andmakenonoise,Notear-floods,norsigh-tempestsmove;'TwereprofanationofourjoysTotellthelaityourlove.Movingofth'earthbringsharmsandfears;Menreckonwhatitdid,andmeant;Buttrepidationofthespheres,Thoughgreaterfar,isinnocent.《别离辞：莫伤悲》君子安详辞世的时候，会对自己的灵魂轻轻地道一声：走，有些悲伤的朋友会说：“断气了，”而有些则会说“还没有。”就让我们默哀吧，肃穆，没有泪眼汪汪，没有嚎啕大哭；把我们的爱情告诉俗人无异于对我们的欢愉进行亵渎。地震会带来恐惧与灾祸；人们把地震的后果和意义琢磨；可天体的震动是无害的，尽管它们的威力比地震大得多。Dullsublunarylovers'love—Whosesoulissense—cannotadmitOfabsence,'causeitdothremoveThosethingswhichelementedit.Butwebyalovesomuchrefined,Thatourselvesknownotwhatitis,Inter-assuredofthemind,Careless,eyes,lipsandhandstomiss.Ourtwosoulstherefore,whichareone,ThoughImustgo,endurenotyetAbreach,butanexpansion,Likegoldtoaerythinnessbeat.月下情人之爱了无意趣，（它的灵魂是快感）不允许缺席，因为缺席就会令爱的构件四分五裂纷纷散去。而你我千锤百炼的爱情，连我们自己都说不清道不明，心有灵犀，无疑又无忧，就是不看不吻不摸也能体验。你我的灵魂已融为一体，纵然我须离去，也不必忍受别离，别离只不过是一种延伸就像将金子锻成飘逸绵绵的金丝。Iftheybetwo,theyaretwosoAsstifftwincompassesaretwo;Thysoul,thefix'dfoot,makesnoshowTomove,butdoth,ifth'otherdo.Andthoughitinthecentresit,Yet,whentheotherfardothroam,Itleans,andhearkensafterit,Andgrowserect,asthatcomeshome.Suchwiltthoubetome,whomust,Liketh'otherfoot,obliquelyrun;Thyfirmnessmakesmycirclejust,AndmakesmeendwhereIbegun.即便我俩的灵魂不是一体，也会像圆规的两脚那样若即若离；你的灵魂，那只固定的脚，看似不动，实则会随另一只而移。尽管它稳坐中央镇守，但是倘使另一只真要去远游，也会斜着身凝神倾听，待君归来时，才又直身相候。你对我正是这般，我定要倾身围着你转，就像另外那只脚，你的坚定成就了我的圆满使我抵达终点时又重回起点报到。Stanza1Asvirtuousmenpassmildlyaway,Andwhispertotheirsoulstogo,Whilstsomeoftheirsadfriendsdosay,Nowhisbreathgoes,andsomesay,No.Donnedescribesdeathassomethingwheredyingpeoplemightsomehow“whispertotheirsoulstogo”whichexpressesthatthevirtuousmenfacedowndeath.Donnemightbesayingthatthesoulofavirtuousmanshould“letgo”,andmoveon,realizingthatdeathisinevitable,andavirtuousmanshouldacceptit.YetDonnemightalsosuggestthatdeathofvirtuousmencouldbeamatteroftheirchoice;it'svoluntaryinsomewayonthepartofthepersondying.Thelasttwolinesaremerelyapoeticwayofdescribingthefeelingsofsurvivors.Somecanacceptdeath,whereasotherscannot.Thepoemisjustgivingastraightforwarddescriptionofhowdifferentpeoplereactdifferentlytodeathoftheverysamefriend.noregret,peacefulthedebateoffriends君子安详辞世的时候，会对自己的灵魂轻轻地道一声：走，有些悲伤的朋友会说：“断气了，”而有些则会说“还没有。”Stanza2Soletusmelt,andmakenonoise,Notear-floods,norsigh-tempestsmove;'TwereprofanationofourjoysTotellthelaityourlove.Theword“melt”impliesachangeinphysicalstate.Thebondoftheloverswilldissolvequietlylikethesoulofadyingmanseperatingfromhisbody.“Noise”refersto“tear-floods”and“sigh-tempests”thatthespeakerimploreshislovenottorelease.Hecontinuesbycomparingnaturalphenomenatoaloverelationship,the“sightempests”relatingtotheelementofair,andthe“tear-floods”totheelementofwater.Heuseshishyperboletodemandthathisloverremainstoicandresistanyshowofemotionuponhisdeparture.Thissecondstanzaisadvicetosurvivorsleftbehindafterthedeathofafriend.Thisstanzadirectlyexplainsthepoem'stitle.Donneisbasically“ForbiddingMourning”asthetitlesays.Inotherwords,heissayingthatsurvivorsshouldnotcry,orexpressanyoutwardformofsorrowoverthefactthatthedeadpersonisgone.就让我们默哀吧，肃穆，没有泪眼汪汪，没有嚎啕大哭；把我们的爱情告诉俗人无异于对我们的欢愉进行亵渎。ThelasttwolinesgivetheDonne'sreasonsfornotcryingoverdeadfriends.Donneusestheword“profanation”whichmeanstotakesomethingsacredorvaluable,andmakeitcommonorplain.Thelastlineusestheword“laity”.ThisisanoldWesternreligioustermmeaningthepeoplewhoarecommon,whoarenotwisepriests,notministers,notreligiousclericsandsoon.Laityrepresentstheordinarypeople.ThelogicalimplicationofDonne'swritinghereisthatheseeshimselfandhisvirtuousfriendswhopassawayasnotbeingcommonorordinary.Donneisclaimingadifferencebetweenhimselfandordinaryorcommonpeople.Hedrawsthesamecontrastbetweenhisfriends,namely,the“virtuousmen”whopassmildlyaway”,claimingthattheyarenotordinaryeither.Donne'sviewisnotyetclearfromthisstan