新编英语教程 unit 10

FromComposertointerpretertolistenerParagraph1-3thecomposerPara.1:he(thecomposer)givesushimselfPara.2:sentence1Para.3:Itistheinterreactionsofpersonalityandperiodthatresultsintheformationofacomposer’sstyle.DiscussionquestionWhatdowelistenforwhenwelistentoacomposer/songs?Languagepoints1.whatdowelistenforwhenwelistentoacomposer?listen:a)—trytohear,payattentionto~tosb/sth.He~stomusiceveryday.Theylistenedtotheradiolastnight.~tosbdosthdoingsthHesathereandlistenedtothegirlplaythepiano.playingthepiano.Shelistenedtoherclimbthestairs.b)—agreetoasuggestion同意别人的意见，听信…，听某人的话EverytimeI~edtoyouradvice,Igotintotrouble.Shealways~stoyou.Comparehearandlisten(to)1.youhearsomething,butyoulistentosomething2.tohearistotakeinsoundwiththeears,whetheronewantstoornot;tolistenistopayattentioninordertohear.Eg.Wealwayslistentothesixo’clocknewsontheradio.ifyoulistenhard,youcanhearwhattheneighborsaresayingUsefulverbphrases①listenforsthg./sbdy—topayattentionsotobesureofhearing留神听，倾听。Eg.Iknockedatthedoor,and~edfortheanswer.注意音乐改变的那一瞬间（listenfor)Listenforthemomentwhenthemusicchanges.②listenin(to):A）tolistentoabroadcastontheradio/tolistenintothenews.(收听新闻）B）listenin(on,to):tolistentotheconversationofotherpeople,esp.secretlyandwithoutpermission偷听，窃听Ithinkthepolicehavebeenlisteninginonmyphonecalls.Listenout(for)infmltolistencarefully,esp.foranexpectedsound留心听：留神着听小宝宝有没有醒来Listenoutforthebabyincaseshewakesup.2.…heneednot“copy”naturelikethesculptor;Asculptor（雕刻家）isapersonwhouseswood,stone,metal,andsoontomakerepresentationsofpeopleorthingsinsomeway;Acomposerdoesn’thavetodothis,forhisworkneedhavenoobviousorvisiblerelationshipto“nature”3.…hisworkneedhavenoimmediatepracticalfunctionlikethearchitect’sdrawing.Function:aspecialpurpose.Architect:apersonwhodesignsnewbuildingsandseesthattheyarebuiltproperly建筑师Means:Anarchitect’sdrawingistheplanforabuildingwhichisusedwhenthebuildingiserected,usuallysoonafterthedrawinghasbeendone.Henceithasdirect,promptactualresults.Acomposer’sworkdonothavetoshowsuchpracticalresults.4.Butnonesodirectasthatofthecreativemusician.none=e.g.Therearenonesodeafasthosewhowon’t(refuseto)hear.（最聋的莫过于不听话的人。)notatall(adv.)5.Hegivesus,withoutrelationtoexterior“event”,thequintessentialpartofhimself-thatpartwhichembodiesthefullestanddeepestexpressionofhimselfasamanandofexperienceasafellowbeing.Exterior:outer,externalQuintessential:perfect,most“essential”Embody:giveaconcreteformtoHegivesusnotwhatishappeningoutsidehimselfbutthedeepest,mostessentialexpressionofhimselfasapersonandmemberofthehumanrace.①embody(v.)—include,expressclearlyanddefinitely具体表现，包括~one’sideainspeech用语言表现思想Everyoneembodieshisideainhisspeech.Thelatestcars~manynewfeatures.最新的小车具有很多新特色.（包括）②clothe(aspirit)withabody赋灵魂于躯体anembodiedspirit有躯体的灵魂③embodiment(n.)—thatwhichembodiessthorisembodied能具体表现他物者；化身，被具体表现者e.g.Sheisthe~ofkindness.(…仁慈的化身)6.foracomposer,tobeofanyvalue,musthavehisownpersonality.Itmaybeofgreaterorlesserimportance,but,inthecaseofsignificantmusic,itwillalwaysmirrorthatpersonality.Tobeofanyvalue:valuableInthecaseof:至于…,在……的情况下,就…来说,就……而言,对……而言.Eg.我们把这类故事视为神话,但就林肯来说,这故事却是真实的。It'sthekindofstorywethinkofasmyth.ButinthecaseofLincoln,thestoryistrueMirror:reflectParaphrase:Ifacomposerwantstobeinanywayagreatartist,hemusthavehisownindividuality.Thismaybeveryimportantornotimportantatallbutasfarassignificantmusicisconcerned,itwillreflectthatindividuality.TheintroductionofLullyandWagnerJeanBaptisteLully(1632-1687)frenchcourtandoperaticcomposer.(1813-1883)leadingGermancomposerofthelate19thcentury,7.weshalldiscoverthatitisreallymadeupoftwodistinctelements:thepersonalitywithwhichhewasbornandtheinfluencesofthetimeinwhichhelive.bemadeupof:beformedof/by,consistofEg.Timejustconsistsoftherelationofbeforeandafteramongevents.时间形成了事件前后发生的关系。Achairconsistsofaseatwithaback.椅子是由椅座和椅背构成的。Bebornwith:生来就有Bornwithasilverspooninone’smouth:Havingmoneyandsocialadvantagesfrombirth生在富贵人家8.thereareasmanystylesastherearecomposers,andeachimportantcomposerhasseveraldifferentstylescorrespondingtotheinfluencesofhisowntimeandthematuringofhisownpersonality.Correspondto:beinagreementwith,match.Eg.这种机器的作用就相当于人脑的作用。Theworkingofthismachinecorrespondstothatofthehumanbrain.CongressintheUSAcorrespondstoParliamentinBritain.mature①(v.)—cometofulldevelopment使成熟，成熟(vi.)Hischaracter~edduringtheseyears.(vt.)Theseyears~dhischaracter.②(adj.)—fullygrownordeveloped;ripepersonsof~years成年人①maturity(n.)—[U]thestateofbeingmature9.…appliedtoacomposer’swork…Applyto:havereferenceto;concern;bedirectlyrelatedto8.itisnotsomuchthecomposerthatthelistenerhearsastheinterpreter’sconceptionofthecomposer.Notsomuch…as…-not…butrather…Eg.Mr.Brownisnotsomuchascholarasapedant.Paraphrase:whatthelistenerhearsisnotthecomposerhimself,butrathertheinterpreter’sunderstandingofthecomposer.10.…mustturnitovertothetendermerciesofaninterpretiveartistMercy:①capacityforholdingoneselfbackfrompunishing仁慈，怜悯Theyshowedlittle~totheenemy.②[C]pieceofgoodfortuneThat