船体结构-8-首尾结构

1©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringHULLSTRUCTURE—BOWANDSTERNCONSTRUCTIONLecturer：WeiyingZhangMobile:13604261158Email:[e-mail]：WhayinQQ:3057720072016.4.13DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringBOWANDSTERNSTRUCTURESWearefocusingonthefollowinginthelecture:1.INTRODUCTION2.BOWCONSTRUCTION3.STERNCONSTRUCTION4.PROPELLERSHAFTSTRUT(尾轴架结构)2DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering3WewillachievethefollowingobjectivesContents：能正确描述船首形状，受力特点，结构加强措施，船首结构形式及首柱形式；能正确描述船尾形状，受力特点，结构加强措施，船尾结构形式及尾柱形式；能简单叙述尾轴架和轴包套结构。AbilityObjectives:能根据首尾形状确定适用船舶类型；能确定首尾结构的基本组成，所用构件名称及布置要求；了解尾轴架的应用场合及轴包套的作用。DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringBow（whereisit?)(船艏位置）Thebowisthepartofshipbetweenthestemandthecollisionbulkhead.(即首尖舱区域，防撞舱壁以前的结构)Bowcomponents：stem(艏柱)、bottom(船底)、side(舷侧)、deck(甲板)、forepeaktankbulkhead(艏尖舱舱壁)etalForepeaktankFunctions（艏尖舱作用）:Ballasttank,toadjusttrimming（压载舱）Chainlocker（锚链舱）Roomforgeneraltoolsandequipments（工具舱）4IntroductionDalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringStern（船艉位置）Thepartafteraftpeaktankandbelowthestrengthdeck(尾尖舱舱壁之后，强力甲板以下的结构，为全船结构的尾端形状)。Bowcomponents：sternframe(艉柱)、bottom、sides、maindeck、bulkheadofsterntransomplate(尾封板)，propellershaftandrudderpostetal.Functionsofaftpeaktank（艉尖舱功能）Ballastwatertoadjusttrimmingtherearesteeringgearroomupwardtheaftpeaktank5IntroductionDalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringIntroductionCharacteristicsofbowandsternshapes:Hullshapegraduallybecomemoreandmorefineattheend(通常船体外形向首尾端部逐渐地变得愈来愈尖瘦，最后并拢于首尾柱)。stemandsternframecontoureschangesharplyandthestressesisdifferentfromtheamidshipssection(线型变化较大，受力也与船体中部大不相同)。Tranasverseframingsystemsareusedatbowandsternpartsandneedstrengthening(艏艉结构通常采用横骨架式，通常需要特别加强)。62DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering7首尾部及形状及位置IntroductionDalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringBOWANDSTERNSTRUCTURES1.INTRODUCTION2.BOWCONSTRUCTION3.STERNCONSTRUCTION4.PROPELLERSHAFTSTRUT(尾轴架结构)8DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringBowconstruction9DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering10BowconstructionBowconstruction:Includingalltheframingsforwardoftheforepeakbulkhead.suchasstem(艏柱)，bottom(船底)，shipside(舷侧)，forecastledeck(艏楼甲板)，collisionbulkhead(艏尖舱舱壁)andthealltheframesetal.Stempost（艏柱）：船首最前端连接两侧外板和龙骨的结构。DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringStempost（艏柱）11DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering13Bowconstruction——shapesofstem(船首形状)Thereare5typesofthebow：直立型首（Veticalbow）前倾型首(Rakedstem)飞剪型首(Clipperstem)破冰型首(IcebreakerBow)球鼻型首(Bulkbow)3DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering14船首呈直线型，与基线垂直，结构简单，首部甲板面积小。驳船与特种船舶Bowconstruction——shapesofstem(船首形状)verticalbowrackedstemclipperstemicebreakerbowbulbbowBowtypesandcharacteristics：DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering15首部倾斜约25～30，外观美观、简洁，有快速感。甲板面积大、不宜上浪，发生碰撞时，船体水线以下的部分不易受损，军用船多采用直线前倾型Bowconstruction——shapesofstem(船首形状)verticalbowrackedstemclipperstemicebreakerbowbulkbowBowtypesandcharacteristics：DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering16verticalbowrackedstemclipperstemicebreakerbowbulbbow首部水线以上凹形曲线，上甲板面积较大，有利于锚机和系泊设备的布置，首部不易上浪。多用于远洋客船和货船Bowtypesandcharacteristics：Bowconstruction——shapesofstemDalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering17DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering18DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering19船首部水线以下做成前凸的球形，可以减少航行时的兴波阻力，提高航速，用于大型船舶，但在抛锚、起锚和靠泊码头时不太方便verticalbowrackedstemclipperstemicebreakerbowbulbbowBowconstruction——shapesofstem(船首形状)Bowtypesandcharacteristics：4DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering20DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineeringverticalbowrackedstemclipperstemicebreakerbowbulkbow21首部呈拆线形，与基线约30度夹角，以便冲上冰层用于破冰船。Bowconstruction——shapesofstem(船首形状)Bowtypesandcharacteristics：DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering22Bowconstruction——shapesofstem(船首形状)DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering23Bowconstruction——forcesonthebowDalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering24Bowconstruction——forcesonthebowDalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering25BowconstructionAreaofforepeaktank首尖舱区域Side(舷侧区域)Bottom(底部区域)Strengtheningforthebow5DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering26Strengtheningrange：fromstemtoforepeakbulkheadBow——strengtheningforthebow船底加强舷侧加强甲板加强DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering27BowconstructionTransverseframingsystemFramespacelessthan600mmFramestretchtoupperdeckRaisedfloor(升高肋板)isusedinforepeaktankPlatformwithholesorPantingbeam(强胸横梁)usedWashbulkheadatthecenterline(制荡舱壁)Characteristicsofthebowconstruction:DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering28Bowcostruction——reinforcingofforepeakmethodsforthestrengtheningofbowTransverseframingsystemFramespacelessthan600mmFramestretchtoupperdeckRaisedfloor(升高肋板)isusedinforepeaktankPlatformwithholesorPantingbeam(强胸横梁)usedWashbulkheadatthecenterline(制荡舱壁)DalianOceanUniversity©2011DLOUOceanEngineering29BowconstructionTransverseframingsystemFramespacelessthan600mmFramestretchtoupperdeckRaisedfloor(升高肋板)isusedinforepeaktankPlatformwithholes(开孔平台)orPantingbeam(强胸横梁)usedW