八年级下册英语外研社各模块知识要点

1Module1FeelingsandimpressionsUnit11.whatadelicioussmell!本句是一个感叹句，感叹句的常见结构为：what+a\an+adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!what+adj.+不可数名词\可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!how+adj.(+主语+谓语)!Eg：Whatabeautifulgirl(sheis)!=Howbeautifulthe(girlis)!此外，smell在本句中作名词，表示“香味”。2.nice:adj.美味的，友好的，令人愉快的niceweather:好天气benicetosb.:对某人友好anicetrip:一次令人愉快的旅行Thecookietastesnice.这块饼干尝起来美味。3.wouldyouliketotrysome?wouldlike比want语气更委婉Wouldyoulike……?是一个表示请求的句型，句中用some\something，而不用any\anything。还可用于wouldlikesth.\would(sb)liketodosthEg：Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithmethisafternoon?Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?try(not)todosth尽力(不)去做某事tryone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力去做某事.4.lovely:令人愉快的，可爱的修饰人或物alovelyafternoon/girllively:活泼的，生动的alivelylesson:一堂生动的课5.I’mafraidthat+从句:恐怕（表示歉意或让对方失望的情况）I’mafraidthatIcan’tcometoyourpartytomorrow.6.1)abit=alittle:有点儿，有点后接/形容词/副词\形容词/副词的比较级Ifeelabitthirstynow.Aftertherain,peoplefeelabit/alittlecooler.2)alittle+不可数名词：Thereisalittletimeleft.abitof+不可数名词：ThereIsabitofwaterinthebottle.7.haveatry:试一试havea/an+名词haveaswim:游泳haveabreak:休息haveashower:洗沐浴8.Ihaveasweettooth.我喜欢吃甜食。9.bedone:做好了，完成了done:adj.做好了的，完成了10.besure+从句：Areyousurewhatyousaid?Besureof/aboutsth.:对……确信I’msureof/aboutthetelephonenumber.besure(not)todo.Sth.:确保/务必（不）做某事Besurenottomisstheearlybus.11.luckyday:幸运日You’realuckyboy.你是一个幸运儿。Goodlucktoyou.祝你好运。luck(n.)lucky(adj.)luckily(adv.)12.Doyouwanttotryapiece?wanttodosthwantsb(not)todosthapieceof……一张\条\片(apieceofpaper\advice)Eg：Iwanttobeanactorinthefuture.13.therebe句型表示“某地有……”，其中be只有is\are，判断主谓一致时遵循就近一致的原则。变成否定时在be后加not；变成一般疑问句时将be提至句首，肯定回答用Yes,thereis\are.否定回答用No,thereisn’t\aren’t.Eg：Thereisadeskandtwochairsinmybedroom.【拓展】therebe句型在一般将来时中的应用：Therewillbe……\Thereis(are)goingtobe……、Eg：Therewillbeafootballmatchtomorrow.=Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatchtomorrow.14.shallIgetthesugar?“shallIdosth?”常用于表示sb主动提出做sth，表示征求他人意见，请求他人允许或向他人提出建议。(shall通常跟第一人称连用)Eg：Shallwegotothemovie?215.表示推测：Itmightbe可能是……Itmustbe一定是……表示推测，可能性的情态动词：must﹥can﹥could﹥may﹥might(可能性从大→小)16.speak+语言say+具体内容tellsbsth;tellsb(not)todosthtalkto\withsbaboutsth关于sth与sb交谈Unit21.thanksfor=thankyoufor:因……而感谢你Thankyoufor/yourhelp.\sendingmephots.welcometospWelcometoBeijing.Welcomehome---Thankyou!---Youarewelcome.2.message:口信、信息（可数名词）takeamessage:捎个口信leaveamessage:留信Information:信息（不可数名词）apieceofinformation,someinformation3.hearfromsb.=get/receivealetterfromsb.:收到某人的来信Iheardfrommyunclelastweek.=Igot/receivedaletterfrommyunclelastweek.4.can’twaittodosth.:等不及/迫不及待做某事Ican’twaittoopenthepresent.5.quite:1)quitea/an+形容词+名词quiteaniceboy:一个相当好的男孩。2）quite修饰动词时放在动词前Hequitelikesmaths.他很喜欢数学。very:1)avery+形容词+名词averyniceboy2)very与much合在一起修饰动词时，位于句末。HelikesEnglishverymuch.6.soundlike:听起来（像）Themusicsoundsverybeautiful.7.1)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.:某人花费时间/钱做某事Don’tspendtoomuchtime(in)playingcomputergames.2)sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth.:某人花时间/钱在某事/某物上Ispenttenyuanonthisbook.Manypeoplespnedtheirfreetimeontheirhobbies.8.beproudofsb./sth.:以某人/某事为自豪Parentsareproudoftheirchildren.We’reproudofourcountry.9.begoodatsth./doingsth.=dowellinsth./doingsth.擅长某事/做某事I’mgoodatEnglish/swimming.=IdowellinEnglish/swimming.【拓展】begoodfor对…有益。bebadfor对…有害。begoodto=befriendlyto对…友好Eg：Smokingisbadforourhealth.Ourteacherisgoodtous,wealllikeher.注意：有a的表示肯定，无a的表示否定10.Howdoyoufeelabout…？=Whatdoyouthinkof…?=Howdoyoulike…？Howdoyoufeelaboutthefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?11.in:在多久之后，常用于将来时，对其提问用howsoon---HowsoonwillyouleaveBeijing?---I’llcomebackinthreedays.12.howtodothings:疑问词+不定式，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语1)Idon’tknowwhattodo.=Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.（作宾语）疑问词加不定式作宾语时可以转换成宾语从句。2)Whentoholdthemeetinghasn’tbeendecided.（作主语）3)Hisdreamishowtobeagoodscientist.（作表语）4)Idon’tknowwhattodo.=Idon’tknowhowtodoit.13.1)beafraidofsb./sth.:害怕某人/某物I’mafraidofdoctors/dogs.2)beafraidofdoingsth.:害怕做某事I’mafraidofflying/goingoutatnight.3)beafraidtodosth.:害怕做某事I’mafraidtoswimacrosstheriver.4)I’mafraidthat:恐怕I’mafraidthatyoumuststudyhard.14.“到达”的表达法：gettospreach+spat+小地点(gethome\here\there)315.表示“穿戴”：wear+衣帽\饰物in+颜色\款式Puton穿上(动作)dresssb\oneself【辨析】aswell\too\also\either：aswell肯定句，放句末，前面不加逗号。too肯定句或一般疑问句，放句末，前面常加逗号。also肯定句，放句中。either否定句，放句末，前面常加逗号16.I’malwayssorrywhenIdon’tknowhowtodothingsintheright……howtodosth是“疑问词+动词不定式短语”，在句中作know的宾语Eg：Idon’tknowwhattodonext.17.asksb(not)todosthhelpsb(to)dosth=helpsbwithsth18.whatdoessb\sthlooklike?用于询问某人或某事的外貌或外部特征What’ssb\sthlike?用于询问某人或某事的性格或特征Eg：---WhatdoesMarylooklike?---Sheisthin.---What’sTomlike?---Heisshy.19.another指三个及以上中的另一个。Theother指两者中的另一个。Someoneelse表示其他的人。20.noisy(adj.)吵闹的.noise(n.)噪音(不可数)。noisily(adv.)吵闹地。makemuchnoise.发出很多噪音。much\even+比较级语法：表示感觉和知觉的系动词也称感官系动词1.五个表示感觉和知觉的系动词与眼、耳、口、鼻、手相关系。look,sound,taste,smell,feel+形容词Hefeelstiredafterwork.2.感官系动词后可接介词like,like后常接名词。Hisideasoundslikefun.3.感官系动词的句型结构与be不同，其否定形式和疑问形式要借助动词do。Thefoodtastesdelicious.变成否定句→Thefooddoesn’ttastedelicious.变成一般疑问句→Doesthefoodtastedelicious?4.持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stayTheweatherwillkeepwarmfor7days.5.变化系动词有become,grow,turn,get,go等。Module2ExperiencesUnit11.1)enter=takepartin=joinin参加enteracompetition:参加比赛2)enter=come/gointo进入Pleas