广州牛津版8Bunit4语法被动语态讲解及练习

广州牛津版8Bunit4语法被动语态（二）一、知识点1、情态动词的被动语态初中常用情态动词有：canmaymustneedshouldhadbetter情态动词的用法：情态动词+动词原形情态动词被动语态的结构：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词(1)肯定句式（主语+情态动词+be原形+过去分词）Thecomputermustberepairednow.电脑必须立刻修。Manytreesshouldbeplantedonthemountains.应该在山上种许多树。(2)否定句式（主语+情态动词+not+be原形+过去分词）ItcannotbedonebyPeter.这件事不可能是彼得干的。Wastepapershouldnotbethrownontheroad.废纸不应该扔在路上。(3)一般疑问句式（情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词）Mustthetreesbewaterednow?这些树必须现在浇水吗？(4)特殊疑问句式①特殊疑问词(不作主语)+情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词Whencanmycomputerberepaired?我的电脑什么时候能修好？②特殊疑问词(作主语)+情态动词+be原形+过去分词Whatmustbedonenext?下一步该做什么？含有情态动词的主动语态与被动语态的转换：eg:1).We（主语）can（情态动词）write（谓语）letters(宾语）inEnglish.（宾语补足语）Letters（主语）can（情态动词）bewritten（谓语）inEnglish(宾语）byus.（宾语补足语）2).Parents（主语）should（情态动词）allow（谓语）teenagers(宾语）tochoosetheirownclothes.Teenagers（主语）should（情态动词）beallowed（谓语）tochoosetheirownclothes(宾语）bytheirparents.（宾语补足语）3).You（主语）must（情态动词）clean（谓语）yourbedroom(宾语）everyday.(时间状语）Yourbedroom（主语）must（情态动词）becleaned（谓语）everyday(时间状语）byyou.(宾语）练习：一、根据要求完成句子1.Theoldpeopleshould___________(speak)topolitely.3.Teenagersshould____________(allow)tosurftheInternet.4.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.（被动语态）Theclassroom________________________everyday.5.Eighteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtodrink.（否定句）Eighteen-year-olds_________________________allowedtodrink.6.Thelightsshouldbeturnedoffwhenyouleaveheclassroom.（主动语态）You___________________________thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.7.Teenagersshouldbeallowedtoplaywithfriendsatnight.(改为否定句)Teenagerstoplaywithfriendsatnight.8.Theflowersmustbewateredonceaday.(改为一般疑问句)theflowersonceaday?9.Shouldtheclassroombecleanedontime?(作肯定回答),.10.Parentsshouldallowchildrentochoosetheirclothes.(改为被动语态)Childrentochoosetheirclothes.11.Theyoungtreecanbeplantednow.(改为主动语态)Wetheyoungtreenow.二、单项选择()1.Peoplewhodrinkwine_________todriveafterMayDay.A.don’tallowB.isn’tallowedC.mustn’tallowD.mustn’tbeallowed()2、—Foodsafetyisveryimportant.—Sosomerules_________tostoppeoplefrompollutingfood.A.mustmakeB.mustbemadeC.mustmadeD.bemade()3.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_________intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.can’tthrownC.mustn’tbethrownD.maynotthrown()4.It’saruleinmyclassthatourclassroom_________before6:00p.m.everyday.A.beabletocleanB.shouldbecleaningC.mustcleanD.mustbecleaned()5.—Mustwecleantheclassroomnow?—No,you_________.It_________afterschool.A.needn’t;mustbecleanedB.mustn’t;needn’tbecleanedC.needn’t;canbecleanedD.don’thaveto;mayclean()6.Manyinterestingexperiments_________bythestudentsinthenewlab.A.willbecarriedB.willbecarriedoutC.carryoutD.willcarryout()7.—Someoftheplasticbagscan’tafterJune1.—Yes,peoplewilluseenvironmentalbagsinstead.A.useB.beuseC.beusedD.areused()8.—ThereisalotofwindinNorthChina.—Well,moretreeseveryyeartostopthewind.A.mustbeplantedB.canplantedC.shouldplanted2、现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的结构：have/has+过去分词现在完成时时间标志词：since+时间点/从句，fortwomonths,sofar，yet,inthepast3years等现在完成时被动语态的构成：1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式：have／has＋been＋及物动词的过去分词例如：Twowindowshavebeenbroken．两个窗子被打破了。2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式：have／has＋not＋been＋及物动词的过去分词例如：Thecarhasnotbeenrepaired．这辆汽车还没有修好。3．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式：Have／Has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词例如：①─Hasherworkbeenfinished？她的工作完成了吗？─Yes，ithas．是的，完成了。②─Havethecarsbeenrepaired？这些汽车修好了吗？─No，theyhaven't．不，还没有。4．现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问式：疑问词＋have／has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词例如：Howlonghasherworkbeenfinished？她的工作完成有多久了？Whohasbeenhelpedbythenewcomputer？谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？Howmanynewwordshavebeenlearnedbythestudents？这些学生已经学会了多少单词？练习：()1-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold()2.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()3.Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten()4.Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace()5.Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened()6.Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept()7.Thedoctor_____foryet.A.isn'tsentB.hasn'tbeensentC.won'tbesentD.wasn'tsent()8.Thepupilshere_____allkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfewweeks.A.keptbusydoingB.keepondoingC.havekeptbusydoingD.havebeenkeptbusydoing()9.—Whathappenedtothepostman?—Idon'tknow.He______aroundhereforalongtime.A.hasn'tseenB.didn'tseeC.wasn'tseenD.hasn'tbeenseen二、课堂练习：A.一般现在时的被动语态结构：is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词（1）完成句子1．Football（play）allovertheworld。2．Manytrees（plant）inNorthChina.3．Rice（grow）inSouthChina.4．Acamera（use）fortakingphotos5．Ioften（ask）todothiswork.（2）单选题()1English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()2ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()3Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()4Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed()6Japanese___ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking()7Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare()