初中英语语法被动语态

bySBMSNOXIEbySBMSNOXIE一构成主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。1.现在时被动语态：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词，（be是助动词）e.g:Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Germanisn’ttaughtinourschool.IsFrenchstudiedinyourschool?grammar:bySBMSNOXIE2.过去时的被动语态：was/were+及物动词的过去分词e.g:Thesenewhouseswerebuiltin2000.Mybikewasn’tmadeinShanghai.WasthiskindofmachinemadeinShenzhen?注意：被动语态中be的形式是由主语决定的bySBMSNOXIE3.情态动词的被语态：must/can/may+be+动词的过去分词e.g:Thecarmustn’tbestoppedhere.Canthischairbetakenoutoftheroom?Thisjobmustbefinishedontime.bySBMSNOXIE小窍门：我们可以这样看被动语态的基本构成：be+及物动词的过去分词表示时态表示被动要变化不变化bySBMSNOXIE二被动语态的几种类型：1主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态Hesawherintheshopyesterday.Shewasseenintheshopyesterday.2主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态Jimgavemeabook.IwasgivenabookbyJim.AbookwasgiventomebyJim.bySBMSNOXIE3主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态Mothertoldmenottobelate.Iwastoldnottobelatebymother.Isawmotherplantingflowersinthegarden.Motherwasseenplantingflowersinthegarden.Theymadehimwork12hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.bySBMSNOXIE4短语动词的被动语态Icantakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabycanbetakengoodcareof.bySBMSNOXIE三被动语态的注意事项1“主语+系动词+表语”的句子没有被动语态2therebe句型没有被动语态3主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态4主动句的谓语动词是不及物动词的没有被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有:Thenurselookedafterhimcarefully.Thebabywaslookedafterbythenursecarefully.bySBMSNOXIEPractice:1MustIpayforitatonce?_____it______________atonce?2Wewillbuildanewlab.Anewlab_____________.3Theyaren’tstoppingthetrafficnow.Thetraffic_______________now.4Howlonghaveyoukeptthebook?Howlong____thebook________?Mustbeenpaidforwillbebuiltisn’tbeenstoppinghasbeenkeptbySBMSNOXIE5Ifyourhomework______(do)well,youmaygotoplay.6Mr.Greenwasseen_______(grow)trees.7Theblackboardwas________(look)carefullybythestudents.8Theshipmodel____be____(make)intwodays.isdonetogrowlookedatwillmadebySBMSNOXIETranslatethefollowingsentences.1.我们必须采取措施以阻止河流的进一步污染。Something____________________tostoptheriverfrombeingpollutedmore.2.世界上讲英语的人是最多的。English____________bythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.bySBMSNOXIE3.明年我校还要修一幢新教学楼。Anothernewteachingbuilding_________________inourschoolnextyear.4.中国南方种水稻。Rice__________inSouthChina.5.昨天爸爸给你买了一辆自行车。Abike______________foryoubyyourfatheryesterday.bySBMSNOXIE6.前天在街道拐弯处发生了一起车祸。Acaraccident____________atthestreetcornerthedaybeforeyesterday.bySBMSNOXIE考点聚焦1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。Theworkersweremade12hoursadayntheolddays.A.workB.towork2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Theirhomeworkhalfanhourago.A.washandedinB.washandedbySBMSNOXIE【考点】【考点】makesb.doseesb.dohearsb.doletsb.dowatchsb.dobemadetodobeseentodosb.beheardtodobelettodobewatchedtodogivesb.sth.passsb.sth.sellsb.sth.lendsb.sth.bringsb.sth.makesb.sth.buysb.sth.begiventosb.bepassedtosb.besoldtosb.sth.belenttosb.bebroughttosb.bemadeforsb.beboughtforsb.主动被动主动被动bySBMSNOXIE【考点】【考点】lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeaktobelookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento不要漏掉介词.没有被动语态的词或短语.cost,happen,takeplace,closedown,feel,sound,taste,smell,look,comeout,comeup,breakdown,standfor,spreadbySBMSNOXIE【考点】beaskedtodobetoldtodobeinvitedtodobechosentodobeencouragedtodobeallowedtodoasksb.todotellsb.todoinvitesb.todochoosesb.todoencouragesb.todoallowsb.todo主动被动sb.3、主动语态为带to的不定式作宾语补足语。Iwastoldathome.A.stayB.tostaybySBMSNOXIE4、不及物动词或词组，没有被动语态。ThisstoryduringtheAnti-Japanesewar.A.wastakenplaceB.tookplace5、主动形式表示被动含义。---Don’tyoulikethematerial?---Yes,itverysoft.A.isfeltB.feelsThebooksellswell.Thewatchneedsrepairing.6、Itis+过去分词+that从句用法。Itthatthereisplentyofoiloffourcoast.A.saidB.issaidbySBMSNOXIE()1.----Whenthefire_____?-----Thedaybeforeyesterday.A.did;breakoutB.was;brokenoutC.had;brokenout()2.----What’swrongwithyou,Sandy?Youlooksoworried.----Mypetcatbyacarthisafternoon.Anditisinhospitalnow.A.ishitB.washitC.hitAＢbySBMSNOXIE()3.----Whohimtothestudents’partyyesterdayafternoon?----Theirparents.A.wereinvitingB.areinvitedC.wereinvited()4.EnglishinCanada,AustraliaandNewZealandtoo.A.speaksB.isspeakingC.isspoken()5.Thewindow_____tenminutesago,andtheroomisbrightnow.A.canbecleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleanedCCCbySBMSNOXIE1．becoveredwith被……覆盖2．bemadeof由……制作（发生物理变化）bemadefrom由…制作（发生化学变化）bemadein由（某地）制造bemadeby被（某人）制造3．beusedfor被用来……beusedas被当作（作为）……来使用beusedtodosth．被用来做某事4．Itissaidthat．．．据说……Itishopedthat．．．希望……Itiswellknownthat．．．众所周知……