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动词形式原形三单式现在分词过去式-ed过去分词-eddodoesdoingdiddone系动词•也叫连系动词。系动词本身有含义,但它不能单独做谓语,后面必须接表语,用来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等。一起构成主系表结构。•表语:由形容词、名词、介词短语担任系动词1.be动词:最常用的系动词–Sheisbeautiful.–Iamastudent.–Theyareintheclassroom.2.表示感受的“感官动词”:look,taste,smell,sound,feel感官动词+adj.:Hefeelscold.3.become,turn,getBe动词用法口诀•I是am,you是are,•is前面三个他(她,它)•其它复数都用are•am,is–was过去式//•are–were过去式//情态动词•情态动词表示说话人情绪、态度和语气。•本身有词义,但词义不完全,不能单独作谓语,其后接动词原形一起构成谓语。•常见的有can(could),may(might),will(would),shall(should),must,haveto,hadbetter…注意情态动词+v.原情态动词•情态动词没有人称和数的变化–HecanspeakEnglish.–HespeaksEnglishverywell.情态动词详解1.can表示个人能力所及或可能性2.may表示允许、请求及可能性。用may提问,肯定回答一般是Certainly.或Yes,youmay.否定回答一般用can’t,mustn’t3.must表示必须、一定是(mustbe)例释•Icanmakekites.•Thatcan’tbeMr.Baker.•-MayIaskyouaquestion?•-Certainly.•Yourglassesmaybeinyourpocket.•Wemustbecarefulwhenwecrosstheroad.•-Where’sAlex?-Hemustbeathome.must问句的回答•must表示“必须”的问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t.•Mustwecleantheclassroomthisafternoon?•Yes,youmust.•No,youneedn’t.•No,youdon’thaveto.hadbetter最好做…•hadbetter+v.原•hadbetternot+v.原•Wehadbettergobacktothestationnow.•You’dbetternotspeakbecausethebabyissleeping.shall•shall常用于第一人称,用在问句中表示:征求意见•Shallwegotothesupermarketthisweekend?should•should表示“应该”•Weshouldspeaktotheoldpeoplepolitely.(adv.有礼貌地)need1.实义动词:放在肯定句、疑问句和否定句中•need+sth.•needtodosth.•Weneedmorechairs.•Weneedtoplantmoretrees.2.情态动词:放在疑问句和否定句中•Youneedn’tdoitinsuchahurry.助动词•协助主要动词构成谓语的动词叫助动词,它对谓语动词起辅助作用。被协助的词叫主要动词。助动词本身没有含义,不可单独使用。•常见助动词:be,do(does,did),shall,will,have(has)•Tomdoesn’tlikewatermelons.助动词的使用•助动词本身没有意义,它只是帮助主要动词构成谓语,表示问句、否定句、时态等。1、表示时态Wewillsinganddanceattheparty.2、构成疑问句Doyoulikecollectingstamps?DidyoustudyChinesebeforeyoucametoChina?3、与not合用,构成否定句Idon’twanttovisitthatfarm.Theyhaven’tfinishedtheworkyet.助动词do•根据时态、主语人称、数的变化,do/does/did,•一般现在时:do,does(用于第三人称单数),do用于其他人称,•一般过去时:did•Idon’tlikeEnglish.•Hedoesn’tdohishomeworkatnight.•Wedidn’tcleantheroomyesterday.注意do,does,did+v.原Exercise•我们是同班同学。•他是我的同班同学。•我是他的同班同学。•Weareclassmates.•He/Sheismyclassmate.•Iamhis/herclassmate.
本文标题:英语助动词课件
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