英语倒装句归纳

英语倒装句的用法类型1）部分倒装——助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型2）全倒装——谓语+主语型一、在以下结构中用全倒装：这种结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1.在therebe或者Therelive(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist….)句型中；如：Therearethousandsofpeopleonthesquare.原语序：Thousandsofpeoplearethereonthesquare.Therelivedanoldfishermaninthevillage.原语序：Anoldfishermanlivedthereinthevillage.Therestandsalittlegirl.正常语序：Alittlegirlstandsthere.2.在“here,there,now,thus,then+动词+主语”的句子中,(谓语动词为be,go,come,lie,run等，主语为名词);Nowcomesmyturn.Theregoesthebell.Thencametheordertoleave.Herecomesabus=Abuscomeshere.3.在“out\in,up\down,off\away，inthedistance,onthehill,roundthecorner”等表示方向性的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首，且主语又是名词，谓语是表示运动的动词。Awaywentthecrowedonebyone.Incameastrangerinblack.Outrushedthechildren..Downfelltheleaves.Onthefloorwerepilesofoldbooks.☆注意：主语必须是名词eg:Outshewent.Theretheyare.Herehecomes.而Outwentthegirl.Herecomestheboy.4.有时为了强调表语，构成“表语+连系动词+主语”结构；Luckyisshewhowaschosentobealeader.=Shewhowaschosentobealeaderislucky.Gonearethedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon!=Thedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownuponaregone!5、在某些表示愿望的祝愿语中，全倒装。LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!Mayyoubehappy！二、在以下结构中用部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1.含有否定或半否定意义的词语（如：not,never,seldom,hardly,little,scarcely,barely,few…）；或者含有否定结构的连词（notonly…butalso..,neither..nor..,nosoonerhad…than...（一。。。就。。。），scarely..than..,Hardlyhad...when..,notuntil...;nowhere等）；或否定意义的介词词组（bynomeans(决不),innocase\way（任何情况下都不）,withnomethod,atnotime（决不）,onnoaccount（决不）,undernocircumstances\condition...（任何情况下都不））位于句首eg:Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.=NeverhaveIseenhimbefore.Notaworddidhesaywhenheleft.Seldom/Scarecelydoeshegotothatpark.Hardly(几乎不。。。)doIspeaktohim.LittleEnglishcanhespeak.Littledoesherealizetheimportanceofthemeeting.FewpeopledidIseeinthestreet.含有否定结构的连词：eg：1)Notonlycanheplaybasketball,butalsoIcan.2）Nosoonerhadwearrivedhomethanitbegantorain.3）Hardlyhadwemetourfriendswhenthetrainleft.4）Notuntilthebabyfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.(主句倒装，从句不倒装)=Themotherdidn’tleavetheroomuntilthebabyfellasleep.注意：1)Notonly...butalso...必须连接两个分句时，才使用部分倒装。而且只倒装notonly后的分句。如果连接的是两个并列词语，不用倒装结构。如：NotonlyhisfatherbutalsoIlikereading.2)Hardly...when...,Scarcely...than...,Nosooner...than...意义基本相同，它们连接的句子，都只倒装前一个分句，即：“前倒后不倒（装）”。3)当notuntil（直到。。。才）引导主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不用倒装，或者可以理解为：“后倒前不倒（装）”。含有否定意义的介词词组：如：Bynomeansshouldwetelllies.Onnoaccountshouldwelethimleave.Atnotime（决不）willIgetmarriedtoyou.In（Under）nocircumstanceswillIlendmoneytohim.注意：innotime(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：Innotimeheworkedouttheproblem.他马上就算出了那道题。2.only+副词；或介词短语；或状语从句时，主句倒装；eg:Onlyinthiswaycanyouusethecomputerwell.（only+介词短语）Onlyyesterdaydidhefindoutthathiswatchwasmissing.（only+副词）Onlywhenitbegantoraindidhefinishhisjob.（only+状语从句）3.so用在句首，表示另一主语“也。。。样”时，用“So+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构；而表示另一主语“也不。。。样”时，用“Nor\Neither+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构；注意：若是对上文同一主语的情况进行强调时，不倒装。句型为“So+主语+be或do（did）/have”。Hewenttoschoolyesterday,sodidI.---Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.--Sohehas,andsohaveyou.Hehasn'tfinishedhishomework,andnorhaveI.特别注意：Ifyouwon'tgo,neither/norwillI.4.as作“尽管／虽然”，引导让步状语从句(as可以换成though)，由于语法需要，需要部分倒装。Shortestas/thoughsheis,sheisnotthefattest.(倒装后，最高级前不用冠词)Childasheis,heknowsalot.(倒装后，单数名词前不用a)FailasIdid,Iwouldtryagain.(倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。)Hardashetried,hedidn'tpasstheexam.(副词提到句首)注意：though位于句首引导让步状语从句时，可以倒装，也可以不倒装。但as引导让步状语从句时,必须使用倒装。否则就变成了原因状语从句。eg：Asheistooyoung,hecouldn'tgotoschool.5.在”so…that…”和”such…that…”引导的结果状语从句中，当so和such位于句首时，用”so\such+...+部分谓语+主语+...”；Sodifficultwastheexamthatmostofthestudentsfailedtopassit.=Theexamwassodifficultthatmostofthestudentsfailedtopassit.6.若if引导的虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时，可将if省略，把were,had,should放在句首。1)Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotplaybasketball.=Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotplaybasketball.2)HadIpreparedwell,Icouldn'thavelostthejob.=IfIhadpreparedwell,Icouldn'thavelostthejob.3)Werehetocometomorrow,Iwouldgotomeethimattheairport.=Ifheweretocometomorrow,Iwouldgotomeethimattheairport.倒装句练习题1.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized2.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou3.Ifyoudon'tgo，neither____.A.shallIB.doIC.IdoD.Ishall4.Nosooner____tothestation____thetrainleft.A.hadIgot，whenB.Ihadgot，thanC.hadIgot，thanD.didIget，when5.—Yourfatherisverystrictwithyou.—_____Heneverletsoffasinglemistakeofours.A.SoheisB.SoisheC.HeissoD.Sodoeshe6.____today，hewouldgettherebySunday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleave7.Neverinmylife____suchathing.A.IhaveheardorhaveseenB.haveIheardorseenC.IhaveheardorseenD.didIhearorsee8.——Here____！WhereisXiaoLiu？There____.A.comesthebus，isheB.comesthebus，heisC.thebuscomes，isheD.thebuscomes，heis9.____,Iwillnotbuyit.A.MuchasdoIlikeitB.AsmuchIlikeitC.MuchasIlikeitD.AsIlikeitmuch10.——Ilikefootball.Idon'tlikevolleyball.____.A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.SoitiswithmeD.Soisitwithme11._____theexpense，I_____toItaly.A.Ifitwerenot,goB.Wereitnotfor\wouldgoC.Weren'titfor\willgoD.Ifithadn'tbeen\wouldhavegone12.So_____inthedarknessthathedidn'tdar