习语翻译11

ChaptertenTranslationonIdiomaticExpressionsSetphrase/four-letterwords？/proverbs/enigmaticexpressions/allusion/slangsSetphrasesusuallyoriginatedfromourclassicalallusions,famoushistoricaleventsorfolktalespasseddownfromgenerationstogenerations.Theirmeaningsarefixed.Setphrasesarethepreciousgemofalanguage,theintegratedrhetoricaldevices,shapedthroughhumanbeings’socialexperiences.Thussetphrasesarethecondensedformsofhumanlanguageandculture,partofwhicharesharedbydifferentcultures.喻义相同，结构相同TostrikewhiletheironishotLikeaboltfromtheblueTobeonthethiniceToaddfueltotheflameAslightasafeatherTositonpinsandneedlesRenderblowforblowTofishinthetroubledwatersConstantdroppingwearsthestoneAcastleintheairTokilltwobirdswithonestone喻义相同，修辞方式相同AssteadyasthemountainAsthinasarailAseasyasturningoverone’shandAsclearascrystalAsslipperyasaneel汉英喻体不同AsstrongasahorseBleedlikeapigAsdumbasanoysterAssilentasagraveAssereneasglassAsredasroseTospeaktothewindAsweakaswaterToseethroughabrickwallAsclearasthesunatmidday汉语是明喻，英语是暗喻Toflyintorage/tohittheceilingStillwaterrunsdeepTohaveasilvermouthTobepetrifiedwithastonishment汉语是暗喻，英语是明喻RollingstonegathersnomossBarkingdogsdonotbiteBornwithasilverspooninone’smouthLikearatinahole蠹汉语形象含蓄，英语形象具体TohitsomeonebelowthebeltAsgreedyasawolf/insatiable/covetousAsregularasaclockTohardenone’sneck/perverseAsquarepeginaroundhole/goagainstone’stasteTohaveone’sheartinone’smouthTokickdowntheladder汉语意义具体，英语意义含蓄FromthecradletothegraveTobeacuptoolowToputonscrewsToturngeeseintoswans喻体不同‘喻义相似或一致TopaintthelilyTheappleofsomeone’seyeAblacksheepTolookforaneedleinahaystackTohelpalamedogoverastileTocastpearlsbeforeswineThemousethathasbutoneholeisquicklytaken喻体一致，喻义一致Tostirupahornet’snestThesmilewiththeknifeunderthecloakThick-skinnedAthornintheflesh习语翻译的形象处理方法保留形象Manproposes,Goddisposes.Toerrishuman,toforgiveisdivine.PuttheirtailsbetweenthelegsToaddfueltothefire2.形象移植Anantonasaucepanamoonreflectedinthewater,aflowerinthemirror你是倾国倾城的美貌。Captivate/captureHeiscaptivatedandprisonedtohercharms.Winningbearing六月冰花，七月飞雪AChristmasfrosthadcomeatmidsummer;awhiteDecemberstormhadwhirledoverJune.3.转换形象TofightagainstthewallAslivelyasaskylarkAslivelyasaqueenBetterbetheheadofadonkeythanthetailofahorse.AstimidasarabbitLikeattractslikeBirdsofafeatherflocktogether.Inthishole-and-cornerfashionOnemaystealahorse,whileanothermightnotlookoverthehedge.4.舍弃形象（意译法）UtterlyquietSnagonthetriflesMaunderonWhat’sbeendonecan’tbeundoneSheisworthmore,butshewasnotborntomore.5.增添形象makefussaboutnothing.WakeasleepingdogFindfaultswithUndermineslanderAstickisquicklyfoundtobeatadogwith.Totrytoputapatchuponitandbeworseoff..谚语的翻译汉语谚语是指在群众中间流传的固定语句，用简单通俗的话语反映出深刻的道理。绝大多数谚语是人民群众对生活的科学总结，有的来自文学名著的警句妙语。英语谚语中有很大一部分源于圣经，以格言的形式，总结生活的经验阐述做人的道理。在语言形式上，英汉谚语具有非常相似的特征。一.用词精炼、句式整齐此地无银三百两。Aguiltypersongiveshimselfawaybyconspicuouslyprotestinghisinnocence.Apersonwhotriestoconcealreveals.近朱者赤，近墨者黑。Touchpitch,andyouwillbedefiled.路遥知马力，日久见人心。Asdistancetestsahorse’sstrength,sotimerevealsaperson’sheart.世上无难事，只怕有心人。Outofsight,outofmind.Nomill,nomeal.Easycome,easygo.Likefather,likeson.Nothingventure,nothinghave.二.音韵和谐、易于上口嘴上无毛，办事不牢。Downylipsmakethoughtlessslips.铁杆磨成针，功到自然成。Anironpestlecanbegrounddowntoaneedle,perseverancewillmakesuccess.失之东隅，收之桑榆。Whatonelosesontheswingsonegetsbackontheroundabouts.Accidentswillhappeninthebest-regulatedfamilies.Anillbirdwillfoulitsownnest.Donotwashawayyourdirtylineninthepublic.Everyfamilyissaidtohaveaskeletoninthecupboard.Emptyvesselsmakethemostnoise.Finefeathersmakefinebirds.三.比喻生动、寓意深刻留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Wherethereislife,thereishope.明枪易躲，暗箭难防。Itiseasytododgeaspearintheopenbuthardtoguardagainstanarrowshotfromhiding.拆东墙，补西墙。RobPetertopayPaul.宁为鸡首，毋为牛后。Bettertoreigninhellthanserveinheaven.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Greatmindsthinkalike.Timeismoney.Acontentedmindisaperpetualfeast.Iwouldratherownaberthin…thanaboothin谚语的可译性与不可译性及处理方法1.比喻形象初生牛犊不怕虎。New-borncalvesmakelittleoftigers.城门失火殃及池鱼Afireoncitywallbringsdisastertothefishinthemoat.Inthecountryoftheblindtheone-eyedmanisking.盲人国中，独眼称雄。Ifyourunaftertwohares,youwillcatchneither.同时追两兔，全都抓不住。共核部分，套译鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。Whenshepherdsquarrel,thewolfhasawinninggame.Twowolvesfight,ashepherd’sdelight.只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。Manystrawsmaybindanelephant.烂麻搓成绳，也能拉千斤。2.民族色彩庆父不死，鲁难未已。Therewillalwaysbetroubleuntilthetrouble-makerisremoved.塞翁失马，焉知非福？Alossmayturnouttobeagain.WhenGreekmeetsGreek,thencomesatugofwar.Everymanhasafoolinhissleeve.入乡随俗情人眼里出西施东施效颦3.语体特点三思而后行。少见多怪。Wonderisthedaughterofignorance.江山易改，本性难移。Menmaymeetbutmountainsnever.Whohasnevertastedbitter,knowsnotwhatissweet.Itdoesgoodtonowomantobeflatteredbyhersuperior,whocannotpossiblyintendtomarryher;anditismadnessinallwomentoletasecretlovekindlewithinthem,which,ifunreturnedandunknown,mustdevourthelifethatfeedsit;andifdiscoveredandrespondedto,mustleadtoignis-fatuus-like,intomirywildswhencethereisnoextrication.Placetheglassbeforeyou,anddrawinchalky