牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案

牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案1/14六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案阅读理解【知识梳理】(一)、首字母常考词性：首字母常考词性：名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、代词、连词(二)、首字母填空阶梯训练法Step1：掌握七种句子成分与七种词性之间的对应关系。通过对单一成分的分类练习，掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。词性正确是答案正确的前提。Step2：在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系之后，多做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”，有利于提高对句子成分的判断能力。熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是通向首字母填空的第二步。Step3：锻炼自己的发散和归纳思维的能力，或称为“猜谜”的能力。二、专题知识精讲以下对各词性的作用仅从首字母的方向进行分析，不大全，求适用。(一)对名词的判断1.Seeingisbelieving.ving动名词主语2.Seeingisbelieving.ving动名词表语3.AnneHathawaywasabeautifulactress.a(+adj)+n表语牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案2/144.CollectingshellsisthefirstthingIwanttodowhenIamonvacationatthebeach.v+n宾语（动宾）5.CollectingshellsisthefirstthingIwanttodowhenIamonvacationatthebeachprep+n宾语（介宾）6.Happinessismoreimportanttomethanmoney.n主语7.Thesockssmellterrible.Please.washthemimmediately.the+n主语8.SomefamousscientistsaregoingtogivelecturesinouruniversityinAugust.v+n宾语9.Hisperformanceisexcellent.Adj(物主代词)+n主语10.Thereisnoreasonforhimtodothat.no+n10.Joyceusedtoworkinashoefactoryn+n定语11.Iwishthisheavyrainwillbringtheearthlife.v+n+n双宾结构12.JackyChen,afamousactor,ishotterthaneverthesedaysduetoDuang.a(+adj)+n同位语分析：名词的使用情况成分判断：主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语细节判断：adj+n;adj物主代词+nthe/a/an/no+nprep+na+nn+n注意事项：名词作定语(非常考点）：womendoctors;bookshops;astonebridge；asalesmanager等双宾结构：带to的bring,give,leave,lend,offer,send,show,teach,tell等；带for的buy,cook等动名词：主语有的动词要变为ving形式；介词+动名词；一些非谓语动词如mind。牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案3/14(二)对动词的判断※谓语动词判断：一个简单句必须配一谓语动词；复合句看有几个句子合成，若是由2个句子构成即有2个谓语动词。1.TheTVseriesWuMeinianglookseye-pleasing(养眼的).主语+系动词(感官动词）+表语（adj）2.Theairtodayis(pretty)fresh.主语+系动词（be动词）+表语（adj）3.Hewasatraitor.主语+系动词（be)+表语（n)4.ShewantstoliveontheMarsforsometime.主语+实意动词+宾语（非谓语动词）5.Weoughttostaytogetherforastrongerunion.情态动词+谓语动词+状语（adv）6.MymotherboughtanOptimusPrime(擎天柱）formybirthday.主语+实意动词+宾语7.YangZirongclimbedfastinordernottobebittenbythetiger.主语+实意动词+状语（adv)8.ChenZhenwhisperedtoYangKehewantedtosearchforwolfpups.复合句分析：谓语动词相对来说还是非常好判断的，分析句子成分轻易就能看出。成分判断：谓语。放在主语后面。细节判断：be+adj感官动词+adjv+advv+n情态动词/助动词+v附：谓语动词分类牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案4/14Be:am/is/are感官动词：feel/taste/smell/look/sound“变”：become/turn/go/grow/get其他：keep/seem/prove实意动词：want/buy等+后可接adv。及物动词后可接宾语。※非谓语动词判断：背诵动词用法：expecttodo,admitdoing等细节判断：v+adv;v+adj;v+n;to+v(三)对形容词的判断1.ZhouJunisgreedy.be+adj2.Helooksdepressed.感官动词+adj3.LongZhuisasuperb(极好的）cartoon.adj+n4.Herbeautifulvoicemadeeveryonemoved.make+n+adj5.Theblindneedtobetakengoodcareof.the+adj分析：形容词可作定语，表语，宾补。判断不建议从句子成分上去判断，从用法上判断即可更简便。细节判断：be+adj感官动词+adjadj+n系动词后可接adj牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案5/14注意事项:注意比较级(eg.有much/even的情况下）与最高级。关键理解文章。附：系动词分Be:am/is/are感官动词：feel/taste/smell/look/sound“变”：become/turn/go/grow/get其他：keep/seem/prove(四)对副词的判断1.ThefansshoutedatProfessorDuexcitedly.v+adv2.Hefeltterriblysorryforwhathehaddoneadv+adj3.Thecatscreamedextremelyhorriblyatnight.adv+adv4.Unfortunately,thebeggaronlybegged30yuanonthesubway.adv+句子分析：副词可作表语，状语居多。判断不建议从句子成分上去判断，从用法上判断即可更简便。细节判断：v+advadv+adjadv+advadv+句子注意事项:常考的副词有however，besides,especially，even，exactly等(五)对介词的判断系动词后可接adj牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案6/14首字母练习对介词的考察极少固定搭配，多要通过理解。尤其高频的有：against,along,behind,beside,besides,during,except,like,towards,without等1.Chinaisavitalallyinthefightagainstglobalwarming.n1+prep+n2(两个名词缺了介词不能组合一起）2.Thesemagazinesaresoldatbookstoresthroughoutthecountry.n1+prep+n2(两个名词缺了介词不能组合一起）3.Heinvitedallfriendsexceptyou.N+prep+pron4.Sheleanedlightlyagainsthisshoulder.vi+prep+n(不及物动词后不能直接接名词）5.Areyoufororagainsttheplan?be+prep+n(此种情况很少成为考题）分析：介词首字母当中由于极少考搭配，可以从词义，用法上进行判断。细节判断：n1+prep+n2/pronn1+prep+n2/pronvi+prep+n/pronbe+prep+n/pron注意事项:介词可重点背诵些高频词。(六)对连词的判断连词的功能是连接两个句子。具体填哪个连词，需要处理两个句子之间的逻辑关系。并列连词and/but/or也可连接各种成分，不一定是句子。其中since考“既然”比“自从”概率要大些。填so的时候，勿忘考虑since。牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案7/141.YangZironghadtopretendtobeabanditsincetherewasnootherwaytodigfurtherinformation.因果2.Youmustbeltupbeforeyoustarttodrive.时间先后分析：一旦所缺空后边的句子时完整的，就让学生回头看是否前面也是一完整句子。连词相对还是比较容易填，首字母常考连词数量不多。连词：A：andafteralthoughasB：becausebeforebutI：ifN：neithernorO：orS：sincesoT：thantillthoughU：unlessuntillW：whenwhilewhether(七)对代词的判断首字母练习中，常考不定代词（nobody/anybody/everybody;nothing/anything/everything;another;other）；反身代词（themselves/himself......)a.Afterthecruelrobbery,nothingwaslefttothepoorfamilyexcepttheashes.b.Althoughnobodyknowsexactlywherepathwilllead,theystillsticktothishopelesshope.(八)其他常考点的判断1.anothera.Achillescalleduponallthesoldiersandsaid,“tryanothertime,wearedoomedtogettheTroy.”单数可数名词的前面。有时也会有一adj介入，getthroughanotherhardperiod.b.OnedepartmentisresponsibleforQC,...;Another(one)supervisestheproductionintheworkshop..;(The牛津上海版六年级下首字母阅读理解专项练习教案8/14third....)One...another...thethird.有时相隔太远，难以观察到。2.possible,possiblya.Itispossible(forMaYun)tostealtheballfromYaoMing.b.Itispossible(that)MaYuncanstealtheballfromYaoMingc.ItispossiblybecauseMaYunwantstoexploreotherfieldssincehishandshasreachedintoe-business,sports...possibly是副词，修饰句子。它可被抽出来置放句子前、后。possible不具备。3.one(s)TheyoungprefertowatchTVincozycouches,checkingonthemessagesonFacebookfromtimetotime,whiletheoldonesaremorelikelytoreadsomeclassicsinthestudy.Ones是用来指代与上文提到的同类事物。要在上文才能发现线索。4.that,thosea.Thecomputersnowaremuchmorelightweightthanthoseinthep