23虚拟语气

SubjunctiveMoodDiscussion1Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyoudowithit?2IfyoubecametheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyoudofirst?3Ifyoutravelledanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo?(thepresent)541Ifsomeonehadgivenyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyouhavedonewithit?2IfyouhadbecometheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyouhavedonefirst?3Ifyouhadtravelledanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyouhavegoneandwhatwouldyouhavedone?(thepast)51Ifsomeonegaveyouavaluablepaintingasapresent,whatwouldyoudowithit?2IfyouweretobecometheheadoftheUnitedNations,whatwouldyoudofirst?3Ifyoushouldtravelanywhereintheworld,wherewouldyougoandwhatwouldyoudo?(thefuture)5含义动词形式与事实相反If从句过去现在将来主句did/werehad+donedid/werewereto+doshould+dowould/should/could/might+dowould/should/could/might+havedone1.虚拟条件句34含义动词形式例句Iwishyouhadtoldmeearlier.过去时形式过去完成时形式对现状表达愿望would/could/might+do对过去表示遗憾/后悔对将来表达愿望IwishIhadalittlelabofmyown.Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.2.wish后的宾语从句2.IwishIweretallenoughtoplaybasketball.3.Iwishyoucouldcome.4.Iwishhecouldvisitusnextweek.5.Hewisheshecoulddrawwell.6.IwishIcouldgotoPariswithyou.7.Hewishedhisgrandmawouldgetbetter.Ex1P431IfShirleydidn’teattoomuchsaltyfood,shewouldn’thavegothigh-bloodpressure.2.Ifshehadknownhowtoconveyherfeelings,Iwouldnothavehelpedher.3.Iftherehadnotbeenalackofconcreteevidence,Clivewouldnothavebeenreleased.Ex2P514.Ifshehadn’treadmanybeautifulpoems,herwritingskillswouldn’thaveimproved.5.Ifthepoemhadhadanappropriateending,shewouldhavewonthefirstprize.6.Ifhehadn’tworkedhardalongtime,shewouldn’thavetranslatedtheChinesepoemsintoEnglish.Ex2P51含义动词形式例句Itappearsasifnothinghadhappened.过去时形式过去完成时形式现在would/could/might+do过去将来Helookedasifheknewthelittlegirl.Themanlookedworried,asifsomethingwouldhappentohim.3.asif/asthough后的表语或状语从句(与wish相同)含义动词形式例句过去时形式过去完成时形式现在过去将来Iwouldratherhetookmeoverthecrossing.Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldmethetruth.4.wouldrather后的宾语从句(宁愿……)5.Ifonly+从句,作为一个句子使用(但愿……)1Ifonlyheknewwemisshim.2IfonlyIhadreadthebookonthereadinglistbeforeIattendedthelecture.3Ifonlyshehadn’ttoldhimaboutit,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.6.动词形式为(should)+do的虚拟1)表示命令/建议/要求的词所带的从句(require/request/order/command/advise/suggest/insist…)Itissuggestedthatweshouldlistentohimfirst.Isuggestthatweshouldlistentohimfirst.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldlistentohimfirst.Mysuggestionthatweshouldlistentohimfirstisaccepted.2.It’s+adj.+that从句(adj:necessary/essential/important/pity…)eg.Itisimportantthatweshouldattendthemeeting.3.It’s(high/about)time+that从句(该是做……时候)eg.Itistimethatweshouldstopworkandgohome.Itistimethatwestoppedworkandwenthome.注意:should不能省略;动词也可用过去式7.虚拟语气表示祝愿1.LonglivetheunityoftheChinesepeople!2.Godblessyou!3.Mayyouhavealongandhappylife!4.Wishyouahappybirthday!注意:动词用原形,后边用!may+人+do!wish+人+名词!Practice1.IfI______(know)heraddress,Iwouldwritetoher.2.Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyou__________(miss)thetrain?3.Ifhe_____________(notbeill),hewouldhavedonesomething.4.Ifit__________________________(snow)tomorrow,we____________(getup)early.5.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,you____________(know)whattodonow.knewhadmissedhadnotbeenillwereto/shouldsnow/snowedshouldgetupwouldknowsnowswillgetup18判断以下句子是不是正确的虚拟语气：1.Ifwecouldfinishourworkearlierweshallgotothecinema.2.Thedoctorsuggeststhatshewillnotsmoke.3.Iwishthatitistrue.4.Hadyouputonmoreclothes,youwouldnotcatchacold.shall改成shouldwillnot改成(should)notis改成werewouldnotcatch改成wouldnothavecaughtNotes1.不是所有的条件句都用虚拟语气错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致。动词的虚拟形式要根据时间做出相应的调整.e.g.Ifshehadn’tstudiedhard,shewouldn’tspeaksowell.Ifhe__hislegsyesterday,he__withusnow.A.hadn’thurt;wouldgoB.hadn’thurt;wouldhavegoneC.didn’thurt;wouldgoD.didn’thurt;wouldhavegone√2.虚拟语气中常用were代替was3.虚拟语气的倒装语序4.错综时间条件句171921省略if的倒装句e.g.1.Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpus.如果从句中有were，should，had等词，可省略if，并把were，should，had放句首进行倒装。2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,nothingwouldhavehappened.__________beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfulparty.A.HadtheyarrivedB.WouldtheyarriveC.WeretheyarrivingD.Weretheytoarrive√5.混合类型根据需要,在一个句子中,虚拟语气可与陈述语气或祈使语气混合使用e.g.Ifyoucouldbepassing,docomeandseeme.6.含蓄条件句的虚拟语气假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with,without,butfor，but,otherwise等。e.g.Ilostherphonenumber,otherwise,Iwouldhaverungherup.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavethechancetogotoschool.Iwasawaythatday,otherwiseI_thelecture.A.hadattendedB.wouldhaveattendedC.wouldattendD.attended√Ifyouhadnothelpedme…IfIhadnotlostherphonenumber…