Words高中英语必修一第四单元单词

Unit4EarthquakesWordsandExpressions1.smelly:smell+y=adj.smelln./v(smelt/smelled)Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.裂缝里冒出臭气。扩展:n.+y构成形容词health→healthywealth→wealthyblood----bloodymud----muddysun-----sunnycloud----cloudyrain----rainywind---windytaste----tastydream----dreamyice----icygreed----greedyfat----fattyfog-----foggy2.burstvi.vt.(burst---burst---burst)使某物爆炸，胀破，爆破,破裂burstin/intoadoor/room/building突然进入门/房间/大楼1.他没有敲门就突然进入房间.Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor.Theplanecrashedandburstintoflames.2.飞机坠毁起火了.Allofthemburstoutlaughing/crying/singing.3.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来.=Allofthemburstintolaughter/tears/songs.burstintosth.=burstoutdoing突然…起来burstout+v-ing:suddenlybegindoingsth扩展:burstintoleafburstintoflower长出叶子开花n.aburstof...一阵...aburstoflaughter/thunder/applause(欢呼）即时练习1).Whensheheardthenews,she_______.A.burstintolaughingB.burstoutintolaughingC.burstoutlaughterD.burstintolaughter2).Everytime____hethoughtofhispast,hecould’thelpbursting______.A.when;outtearsB.that;intocryingC.which;intocryingD./;outcryingDD3.event（重要的，不同寻常的）大事件situation状况；形势；处境accident事故；意外的事incident附带的小事件即时练习Themostimportant_____ofthismonthisthelargeststormthatwehaveseeninthepasttenyears.A.accidentB.eventC.incidentD.situationB1)虚拟语气（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）2)陈述语气,时态一致Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken．当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。(虚拟)Itlooksasifit`sgoingtorain．看样子天要下雨了。(陈述语气)（是事实或可能性很大）4.asif后的从句可用两种语气5.atanend=finished结束，终结（作表语）Wewereveryhappywhentheworkwasatanend.Compare:attheendofbytheendofintheend★attheendof“在…尽头；在…末”★bytheendof“到/截止……末”；主句一般用完成时★intheend意思“最后、终于”=atlast/finally1.Washyourhands_______________theexperiment.attheendof2.HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned____________lastterm?bytheendof3.Hetriedvariousjobsand________becameateacher.intheendbring/putanendto使终止cometoanend.结束endupwith以….而告终其他词组：Hersuddenarrivalputanendtotheirmeeting.她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。Thejobcametoanendlastmonth.这项工作上个月完成了。Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道是水果。6.inruins严重受损/毁坏eg.Anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.ruinn.废墟（常用复数形式）vt.毁灭eg.Thestormruinedthecrops.暴风雨毁坏了庄稼7.destroy;damage;ruin的区别destroy指彻底毁坏以至难以修复damage指部分损坏还可以修复ruin多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”Thevillage___afterthewar.A.layinruinsB.layatruinsC.layinruinD.liedinruinsThecarwhichwas___intheaccidentisbeingrepairedinthegarage.A.hurtB.ruinedC.damagedD.destroyedAC8.injurevt.损害injuredadj.受伤的injuryn.伤害；损害injure,wound,hurt与harm的区别injure指(人)在平时或事故中受伤wound多指外伤,如枪伤,尤其是指在战争中受伤hurtvi.疼痛，感到疼痛和情感上受到伤害harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可Theircriticisms_________himdeeply.Smokingwill________hishealth.Hewasslightly________inthecaraccident.Hegot_________inthefighting.Whatyousaid_____myfeeling.havehurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt9.shockvt./vi（使）震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊shockedadj.（某人）感到震惊的shockingadj（某事）令人震惊的beshockedat对…….感到震惊eg.Iwasshockedtohearthathehaddied.Thenewsofhisdeathcameasashocktome.他的死讯传来，我感到很震惊。People__________(shock).我们对这个消息感到震惊。wereshockedWe__________________thenews.wereshockedatThenewsis___________(shock)shocking表示情感的动词excite,surprise,interest,bore,move,shock,disappoint,satisfy,(惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动，失望，满意）变为形容词时可加ing(指物）或加ed(指人）即时练习单句改错1.WeknowBobhadcancer,butitstillcameasshockwhenhedied.2.Allofthepeoplepresentfelt____atthe___news.A.shocking,shockedB.shocked;shockingC.shocking,shockingD.shocked,shocked^aB10.rescuen.搭救；解救;营救Therescueteamreachedtheminesatonceaftertheaccidenthappened.v.解救；救出；营救Herescuedthemanfromdrowning.rescueworkers=rescuersn.come/gotoone’srescue来援救某人We________________（来救他）andpulledhimoutofthelake.cametohisrescue11.trapvt.使陷入困境/n.陷阱.困境Manypeopleweretrappedinthebigfire.许多人被困在大火中。fall/getintoatrapped陷入困境即时练习Thethief____atrapatlast.A.fellB.gotintoC.walkedD.gotinB12.buryvt.埋葬;葬Theboyburiedthedeadbirdinthebackyard.男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。vt.使沉浸（或专心于）beburiedin…=buryoneselfin…埋头于;专心于beburiedinthought沉思buryoneselfinstudy埋头研究；专心学习13.a(great)numberof许多、大量的表示许多的短语及用法只接可数名词的有：alarge/greatnumberof、agood/greatmany、agood/greatmanyof、the/these/those/one’s只接不可数名词的有：agreatdealof、alargeamountof既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词的有：alotof、lotsof、plentyof、alarge/greatquantityof14.frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬frightn.惊吓；恐怖↓frighteningadj.←frightenvt.→frightenedadj令人恐惧的使惊吓；吓唬受惊的；受恐吓的frightenaway吓跑frightenoff吓得不做；吓跑frightensb.Into/outofdoing恐吓某人做/不做某事frightensb.outofhiswits吓得某人魂不附体frightensb.todeath把某人吓得要死