常用中药归类及用途歌诀解析

1常用中药归类及用途歌诀目录一、辛温解表药.............................................................................................2二、辛凉解表药.............................................................................................2三、涌吐药.....................................................................................................3四、攻下药.....................................................................................................3五、润下药.....................................................................................................4六、峻下逐水药.............................................................................................4七、温里药.....................................................................................................4八、温化寒痰药.............................................................................................5九、清化热痰药.............................................................................................6十、止咳平喘药.............................................................................................7十一、清热泻火药.........................................................................................7十二、清热凉血药.........................................................................................8十三、清热解毒药.........................................................................................9十四、清热燥湿药........................................................................................11十五、清热解暑药........................................................................................11十六、芳香开窍药........................................................................................11十七、养心安神药.......................................................................................12十八、重镇安神药.......................................................................................12十九、消导药...............................................................................................13二十、芳香化湿药.......................................................................................13二十一、活血祛瘀药...................................................................................14二十二、理气药...........................................................................................15二十三、平肝熄风药...................................................................................16二十四、祛风湿药.......................................................................................17二十五、利水胜湿药...................................................................................19二十六、补阴药...........................................................................................20二十七、补阳药...........................................................................................22二十八、补气药...........................................................................................24二十九、补血药...........................................................................................252一、辛温解表药麻黄辛温归肺膀，发表镇咳平喘良，感冒发热头身痛，痰饮咳嗽风肿瘴。桂枝辛温心肺膀，发表解肌温通阳，感冒风寒头身痛，痰饮喘咳服安康。胡遂辛温归胃肺，祛痰透疹健脾胃，痘疹难出痞满闷，气滞疝痛胃寒类。河柳辛温肺胃心，解热利尿透麻疹，风湿浮肿关节痛，痘疹难出喘咳闷。白芷辛温肺胃肠，发表祛风疗疮疡，感冒头痛衄血崩，瘰疬痈肿发背疮。香薷辛温归胃肠，发汗消肿利尿水，感冒发热腹痛痢，霍乱吐泻显奇伟。葱白辛温肺胃肠，发汗解肌宣通阳，伤寒头痛身发热，阴毒腹痛风肿胀。生姜辛温肺胃脾，健胃发汗止呕逆，感冒头痛胃寒疝，呕吐咳逆功第一。细辛辛温肺肾心，发汗镇痛祛痰饮，感冒头痛风湿痹，痰饮咳嗽气逆奔。辛夷辛温肺胃经，祛风通窍镇疼痛，头疼牙痛面浮肿，鼻渊鼻塞流涕脓。苏叶辛温归肺脾，发表散寒健胃宜，感冒头痛咳嗽喘，胸闷腹痛呕吐逆。羌活辛温膀肝肾，发表镇痛祛风淫，感冒头痛脊项强，风寒湿痹皆除根。藳本辛温归肺膀，祛风散寒止痛良，寒疝腹痛脑膜炎，头痛痉挛项直强。荆芥辛温归肺肝，发表祛风解痉挛，疮疹喉痛颈项强，感冒头痛头晕眩。防风辛温膀脾肝，发表胜湿祛风寒，感冒头痛脊项强，风寒湿痹关节炎。二、辛凉解表药薄荷辛凉归肺肝，祛风解热发微汗，感冒头痛鼻咽肿，宿食不消腹胀满。菊花甘平归肺肝，疏风镇静清晕眩，头痛眩晕风热肿，霍乱腹痛结膜炎。牛蒡辛平肺胃经，解热透疹消肿痈，肺炎流感腥红热，疮疡肿毒咽喉痛。葛根辛平脾胃经，发汗解热止疼痛，发热口渴呕吐泻，头身疼痛肩背凝。浮萍辛寒归肺经，发汗利尿消水肿，风疹水肿小便涩，痘疹难出毒内攻。3蝉蜕甘寒肺肝经，解热镇痉止疼痛，风热目翳痘疹焙，咽喉头痛惊痫风。升麻甘辛药性平，归肺大肠脾胃经，解热镇痛净血液，解毒疗疮消肿灵，痘疹疮疡诸肿毒，热灼咽喉头脑痛。柴胡味苦平微寒，归胆心包三焦经，解热截疟宽胸膈，消积散结除热烦，诸般发热疟疾病，饮食积聚胸胁满。蔓荆辛平膀肺肝，解热止痛缓拘孪，感冒头痛疝气病，湿痹拘孪目昏暗。豆豉苦寒肺胃经，解热除烦祛湿风，感冒头痛呕吐痢，懊憹满闷内热蒸。桑叶甘寒肺肝经，清热明目祛痛风，感冒风热咳嗽喘，目赤红肿咽喉痛，木贼苦温肺肝胆，明目止血兼发汗，目赤肿痛内外障，赤痢血崩肠风便。三、涌吐药瓜蒂苦寒归胃经，催吐痰毒积胃胸，热痰风痫咳嗽肿，食物中毒黄疸病。藜芦苦寒肺胃经，解毒催吐杀菌虫，痰壅虫积鼻息肉，喉痹疥癣癫痫风。参芦苦温归胃经，能吐痰饮积滞胸，痰饮壅胸盐哮喘，服用此药方可宁。常山苦寒心肺经，截疟解热逐饮痰，诸般疟疾痰饮结，项下瘿瘤服即散。胆矾酸寒归肝胆，催吐明目消肿炎，咽喉肿痛目赤烂，风痰壅胸痉癫痫。食盐咸寒肺胃经，补水催吐实有功，生疗吐泻暴脱水，炒治痰食积胃胸。四、攻下药泻叶苦寒归大肠，健胃通便效力强，消化不良大便秘，肠燥水肿腹满胀。大黄极苦性大寒，归脾胃肠心包肝，荡涤肠胃泻结热，活血通经消肿炎，结热腹痛大便秘，血淤经闭肿黄疸。芒硝苦寒归胃胆，泻热润燥破积坚，肠胃蕴热大便秘，消化不良腹痛满。芦荟味苦性大寒，能归大肠胃肝胆。健胃泻下通经脉，凉肝镇惊除躁烦，热结肠胃饮食积，经闭蛊毒痉癫痫。4五、润下药麻仁甘平肠胃脾，润燥止痛镇咳逆，慢性便秘燥咳嗽，胃热津枯乳汁闭。李仁辛平脾二肠，润燥通便消肿胀，水肿脚气二便秘，血淤气结可煎尝。六、峻下逐水药甘遂苦寒肺肾脾，利尿消肿破结积，胸腹积水肿胀痛，痰郁癫痫二便秘。商陆苦寒肺脾肾，利尿消肿见奇勋，心腹水肿咽喉痹，肋膜肾炎脚气淋。大戟苦寒脾肾肺，峻下祛痰攻逐水，便秘尿涩周身肿，痰饮水积胸胁肋。牵牛辛热肺肾肠，泻下利尿消肿胀，便秘腹痛虫食积，尿闭水肿服安康。巴豆辛热胃大肠，峻下积滞性烈强，脏腑沉寒癣结积，痰壅癫痫胸腹胀。芫花辛热肺胃肾，利尿消肿祛痰饮，痰饮停滞咳嗽喘，五脏积水肿周身。续随辛温肝肾经，峻下利尿破结症，蛊毒血淤月经闭，痰饮积聚蓄水肿。七、温里药干姜辛辣性属温，脾胃大肠肺肾心，温经回阳逐风寒，健胃止呕祛痰饮。寒疝腹痛恶心呕，气逆咳嗽胸满闷。川乌辛热十二经，祛风散寒镇疼痛，瘰疬癌肿身偏瘦，寒湿顽痰历节风。草乌辛热膀肝肾，祛风胜湿逐痰饮，风寒湿痹遍身痛，阴疽疔疮肢不仁。大茴辛热膀肾经，健胃止呕镇疼痛，寒疝腹痛懒食呕，腰痛肢痿霍乱病。小茴味辛药性温，归经入肝脾胃肾，理气开胃逐寒疝，温中止呕降气欣，痞满寒疝小肠坠，霍乱呕吐腹胀闷。桂心辛温归心经，补阳固精内托痈，风痹症瘕腹冷痛，痘疮噎膈痈疽疔。肉桂辛温肝脾肾，温中散寒祛痛好，寒痹腰痛心腹冷，肺寒喘嗽久泻频。5吴茱萸辛药性温，归经入脾胃肝肾，健胃祛风通关节，温中止痛开郁闷，心腹冷痛呕吐泻，寒疝腰痛肢转筋。川椒辛温肺脾肾，健胃止痛祛痰饮。脾胃寒凝腹冷痛，痰饮肿胀吐泻频。胡椒辛热胃大肠，健胃祛风镇痛良，风冷积滞呕吐泻，寒疝胃痛腹膨胀，良姜辛热脾胃经，温胃散寒镇疼痛。胃寒腹痛呕吐泻，噎膈酒毒霍乱病。附子辛热心肾脾，强心补肾逐水宜，风寒湿痹肢拘挛，阳虚水肿结核痢。荜茇辛热心肾脾，健胃镇痛祛风良，头痛咳逆鼻塞闷，肠鸣腹痛大便溏。荜澄茄辛药性温，能归膀胱脾胃肾，温胃暖脾止呕吐，利尿防腐消胀闷，胃痛呕吐尿补利，少腹冷痛痢疾